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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Significant improvement in the fracture strength, accompanied by an enhancement in the electrical conductivity, of zirconia polycrystals that were doped with 3–7 mol% Sc2O3 was obtained by sintering at 1300°C for 1 h in air, followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 196 MPa at 1300° and 1450°C for 1.5 h in an argon-gas atmosphere. Dense bodies (with an average grain size of 〈0.5 μm) that were doped with 3.5 mol% of Sc2O3 showed the highest average fracture strength up to 1770 MPa and an electrical conductivity of 0.08 S/cm at 1000°C. The present zirconia ceramics, which consisted of submicrometer-sized grains of tetragonal phases and were stabilized with 5 and 6 mol% of Sc2O3, exhibited high strength (1330 and 1140 MPa, respectively) and good conductivity (0.15 and 0.18 S/cm, respectively); values for both properties were greater than those previously reported. The present HIPed zirconia ceramics, which have excellent properties, are candidates for an electrolyte of planar-type solid oxide fuel cells.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The microstructure, crystal phase, electrical conductivity, and mechanical strength of less than 7-mol%-Sc2O3-doped zirconia ceramics fabricated by comparatively low-temperature sintering at 1200–1300°C for 1 h were investigated. Zirconia ceramics having a uniform microstructure (grain size 〈 0.5 μm) stabilized with 6 mol% Sc2O3 showed high electrical conductivity (0.15 S/cm at 1000°C) and high fracture strength (660 MPa). With the increase of Sc2O3 content from 3.5 to 7 mol%, the grain size, fracture strength, and electrical conductivity at 1000°C changed from 0.2 to 0.5 μm, 970 to 440 MPa, and 0.07 to 〉0.2 S/cm, respectively. Sc2O3-doped zirconia polycrystals with high fracture strength and high electrical conductivity are promising candidates for the electrolyte material of solid oxide fuel cells.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 104 (1984), S. 367-387 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The caseA evolution of close binary systems with total mass of 20.4M ⊙ is investigated by following the evolution of both components simultaneously. The evolution is followed up to the stage at which a system overflows the outer critical surface or evolves into the phase of modeBr mass-transfer. It is found that the evolution of the systems can be classified into six types. The ranges of initial parameters which lead systems to each type of evolution are shown on the initial-parameter plane. The evolutionary features of each evolution type are described in detail.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 83 (1982), S. 163-170 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Evolutionary models of the early-type contact binary SV Centauri are recalculated with contact condition taken into account. Two types of the contact condition are employed in the contact phase. With the initial masses of 13.4 and 7.0M ⊙ for the component stars, the observed features such as the rate of mass transfer, the degree of contact, and the positions of both components in the H-R diagram can be reproduced. In agreement with the conclusion given in the previous paper (Nakamuraet al., 1978), this indicates that the binary system SV Cen is actually in the rapid phase of mass transfer preceding the reversal of the mass ratio. In contrast to the steadily increasing character of the rate of mass transfer shown in the previous paper, however, the rate of mass transfer suddenly turns to decrease as soon as the system evolves into the contact phase. This decreasing character continues until the rate drops to a minimum. In such contact phase the radius of the primary component remains almost unchanged, the secondary component increases its radius slowly, and the degree of contact increases in a definite way. Except a slight difference in the degree of contact evaluated, the use of different expressions for the contact condition does not produce practically any appreciable difference in the results.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: methane ; combustion ; water vapor ; ion‐exchanged SAPO ; Pd–Pt bimetal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The examination of the combustion of a trace amount of methane over Pd‐ion‐exchanged silicoaluminophosphate‐5 (Pd‐SAPO‐5) at low temperature in the presence of water vapor reveals that water vapor strongly depresses methane combustion and causes a significant decrease in catalytic activity with time. The newly prepared bimetallic catalyst Pd–Pt‐SAPO‐5, on the other hand, shows higher performance for methane combustion under similar conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: combustion ; methane ; palladium catalyst ; zirconia ; water vapor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Combustion of a trace amount of CH4 over Pd catalysts supported on calcined ZrO2 was examined under nearly exhaust gas conditions where the temperature is not so high and water vapor coexists. High catalytic activity was obtained with ZrO2 support calcined at 1073 and 1273 K. The durability test at 673 K for 100 h revealed that the activity of these catalysts hardly decreased, while that of the Pd catalysts supported on calcined Al2O3 were much decreased in the course of time. These results demonstrated the advantages of ZrO2 as a support for Pd catalysts in the present reaction.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 118 (1986), S. 283-286 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The contact condition which includes the effect of pressure in common envelope is derived and employed in the evolutionary calculation of a close binary system in contact phase. The result indicates that the effect is negligibly small and the equality of surface potentials of both components is a sufficiently good approximation for the contact condition.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 134 (1987), S. 219-234 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The evolution of three close binary systems of total mass 20.4M ⊙ in and after the phase of mode Br mass-transfer in caseA of mass exchange is investigated. In every case a secondary component evolves to interfere with the progress of primary's evolution and the system overflows the outer critical surface before the primary completes its nuclear-burning evolution. This strongly indicates the importance of simultaneous calculation of both components. A summary of evolution of the systems considered in this series of papers up to the stage ofL 2-overflow is given. The observational aspects of the numerical models are also discussed.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 191 (1992), S. 267-282 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effective gravity-darkening is studied for the primary components filling the critical Roche lobe in eight semi-detached systems of reverse Algol-type. From the analysis of light variations outside eclipses, values of the exponent of gravity-darkening for these components have been deduced with the assumed values for the secondary components. The derived values of the exponent are found to be greater than the unity, confirming the previous result that the empirical value of the exponent of gravity-darkening for a component star filling the critical lobe is generally greater than the unity. It is also found that the values derived here for the primary components of the reverse Algols are distinctly smaller than those derived for the secondary components in semi-detached systems of normal Algol-type. Based on the mass-outflow darkening model, the present result would thus indicate that the rates of mass transfer in reverse Algols are not so high, and might imply that the systems are not in the rapid phase of mass transfer.
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