ALBERT

Beschreibung: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antibacterial effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of aerial parts of Origanum vulgare and nanoform Origanum vulgare extract on Streptococcus iniae, the causative agent of Streptococcosis in fish, in comparison with the effects of florfenicol and nonoform florfenicol on this bacteria. The results showed that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of Origanum vulgare extract was 1000 µg/ml whereas, the MIC and MBC of nanoform Origanum vulgare extract were 250 and 500 µg/ml, respectively. These results indicated that the inhibitory and bactericidal effects of Origanum vulgare extract was less than the nanoform Origanum vulgare extract. The MIC and MBC of florfenicol was 2.5 µg/ml while, the MIC and MBC of nanoform florfenicol were 0.625 and 1.25 µg/ml respectively. The results showed that the zones of inhibition for Origanum vulgare extract, nanoform Origanum vulgare extract, florfenicol and nanoform florfenicol were 21.70±0.6, 26.06±0.7, 31.63±0.4 and 32.80±1.1 mm, respectively. These results indicated that Origanum vulgare extract had antibacterial effects which were less than the effects of nanoform Origanum vulgare extract, florfenicol and nanoform florfenicol on Streptococcus iniae. In this study, the nanoform florfenicol was the most effective substance for controlling Streptococcus iniae infection.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) is of aquatic species at risk of extinction on based the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red Book List (IUCN). In this regard, the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) in partnership with the Caspian Environment Programme (CEP), has been implemented a project entitled " Conservation and restoration of salmo trurtta caspius stocks in the southern Caspian Sea basin" with the goal of improving valuable fish stocks through the latest world scientific methods and the creation of the gene and the sperm bank. One of the subprojects was: "The effect of information Caspian Environment Programme (CEP) project in the awareness, attitude and performance of the local people and fishermen towards the protection and restoration of Caspian trout Salmo trutta caspius stocks". This study was conducted by method of cross-sectional with the aim of determining the extent of knowledge, attitude and performance of people and fishermen of the southern Caspian Sea basin to protection and restoration of salmon stocks in the Caspian Sea through the distribution of posters and brochures in the two provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran. In the present study first, the basic information were introduced such as the introduction of Caspian salmon salmo trurtta caspius, Chesme Kileh River, process of Caspian Sea salmon stocks, threatening factors including the major and influencing factors on process of the decline of salmon stocks in the Caspian Sea, the affecting factors in the preservation and restoration of Caspian trout, methods and solutions for the protection of the fish and the importance of economic, social and cultural rights through the publication of numerous posters and brochure distributed in a number of governmental and non-governmental agencies and organizations in various cities of the provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran, along with a letter to the heads of the departments and agencies in order to install them at a suitable location in general perspective for at least 6 months. Several months after distributing printed posters and brochure at the offices, the participants were evaluated through a structured questionnaire with 45 questions in 4 sections including demographic variables (12 questions), awareness (25 questions), attitude (12 questions), and performance (8 questions). The results of this study showed that 82.75% of participants were male, 13.55% female and 3.69% gender uncertain. The aspect of education, 73.92% of participants had higher diploma to PhD, 23.61% primary to high school. Also, this study showed that 62.62% of the participants were obtained information through distributed posters and brochure at the departments and agencies in different cities and 37.37% remains through the other cases including TV and radio, conventions, parties, internet as well as during the completion of questionnaires. This study showed that 20.53% of participants had poor knowledge, 76.18% moderate and 3.28% good knowledge. Also in relationship attitude, 5.13% of participants had poor attitude, 22.17% moderate and 72.69% good attitude. In the performance section, 39.83% of participants had poor performance, 48.66% medium and 11.49 % good performance. The results showed that the average level of knowledge of participants in the two provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran were 57.68% and 56.64% respectively. The average of attitude was 77.64% and 77.16%, and the average of performance 47.40% and 49.16% respectively. According to the results, it was found that the majority of the people had middle knowledge and performance, but a good attitude. There were statistically significant differences between knowledge, attitude and performance of participants in the two provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran to maintain reserves and reconstruction the fish (p〉 0. 05). The results revealed the majority of the people had knowledge and functional middle class, but good attitude. The results show that the written notification through media such as posters and brochures that is one of several methods of training and information to increase the awareness and attitudes and performance of participants was effective and do so in ways that appear to be absolutely necessary. Finally, according to the findings of this study showed that individuals have the desirable level of preparation to contribute in reform and the comprehensive management of the preservation and restoration salmon stocks Caspian Sea. In conclusion, the results of this study can help fisheries and institutions involved in improvement of designing and implementing effective intervention programs to advance the protection and restoration of Salmo trutta caspius stocks in the Caspian Sea.

Beschreibung: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) is of aquatic species at risk of extinction on based the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red Book List (IUCN). In this regard, the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) in partnership with the Caspian Environment Programme (CEP), has been implemented a project entitled "Conservation and restoration of salmo trurtta caspius stocks in the southern Caspian Sea basin" with the goal of improving valuable fish stocks through the latest world scientific methods and the creation of the gene and the sperm bank. One of the subprojects was: "The effect of information Caspian Environment Programme (CEP) project in the awareness, attitude and performance of the local people and fishermen towards the protection and restoration of Caspian trout Salmo trutta caspius stocks". This study was conducted by method of cross-sectional with the aim of determining the extent of knowledge, attitude and performance of people and fishermen of the southern Caspian Sea basin to protection and restoration of salmon stocks in the Caspian Sea through the distribution of posters and brochures in the two provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran. In the present study first, the basic information were introduced such as the introduction of Caspian salmon salmo trurtta caspius, Chesme Kileh River, process of Caspian Sea salmon stocks, threatening factors including the major and influencing factors on process of the decline of salmon stocks in the Caspian Sea, the affecting factors in the preservation and restoration of Caspian trout, methods and solutions for the protection of the fish and the importance of economic, social and cultural rights through the publication of numerous posters and brochure distributed in a number of governmental and non-governmental agencies and organizations in various cities of the provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran, along with a letter to the heads of the departments and agencies in order to install them at a suitable location in general perspective for at least 6 months. Several months after distributing printed posters and brochure at the offices, the participants were evaluated through a structured questionnaire with 45 questions in 4 sections including demographic variables (12 questions), awareness (25 questions), attitude (12 questions), and performance (8 questions). The results of this study showed that 82.75% of participants were male, 13.55% female and 3.69% gender uncertain. The aspect of education, 73.92% of participants had higher diploma to PhD, 23.61% primary to high school. Also, this study showed that 62.62% of the participants were obtained information through distributed posters and brochure at the departments and agencies in different cities and 37.37% remains through the other cases including TV and radio, conventions, parties, internet as well as during the completion of questionnaires. This study showed that 20.53% of participants had poor knowledge, 76.18% moderate and 3.28% good knowledge. Also in relationship attitude, 5.13% of participants had poor attitude, 22.17% moderate and 72.69% good attitude. In the performance section, 39.83% of participants had poor performance, 48.66% medium and 11.49 % good performance. The results showed that the average level of knowledge of participants in the two provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran were 57.68% and 56.64% respectively. The average of attitude was 77.64% and 77.16%, and the average of performance 47.40% and 49.16% respectively. According to the results, it was found that the majority of the people had middle knowledge and performance, but a good attitude. There were statistically significant differences between knowledge, attitude and performance of participants in the two provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran to maintain reserves and reconstruction the fish (p〉 0. 05). The results revealed the majority of the people had knowledge and functional middle class, but good attitude. The results show that the written notification through media such as posters and brochures that is one of several methods of training and information to increase the awareness and attitudes and performance of participants was effective and do so in ways that appear to be absolutely necessary. Finally, according to the findings of this study showed that individuals have the desirable level of preparation to contribute in reform and the comprehensive management of the preservation and restoration salmon stocks Caspian Sea. In conclusion, the results of this study can help fisheries and institutions involved in improvement of designing and implementing effective intervention programs to advance the protection and restoration of Salmo trutta caspius stocks in the Caspian Sea.