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  • 1
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    Asteroid Redirect Crewed Mission Space Suit and EVA System Maturation (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Asteroid Redirect Crewed Mission (ARCM) requires a Launch/Entry/Abort (LEA) suit capability and short duration Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) capability from the Orion spacecraft. For this mission, the pressure garment selected for both functions is the Modified Advanced Crew Escape Suit (MACES) with EVA enhancements and the life support option that was selected is the Exploration Portable Life Support System (PLSS) currently under development for Advanced Exploration Systems (AES). The proposed architecture meets the ARCM constraints, but much more work is required to determine the details of the suit upgrades, the integration with the PLSS, and the tools and equipment necessary to accomplish the mission. This work has continued over the last year to better define the operations and hardware maturation of these systems. EVA simulations were completed in the Neutral Buoyancy Lab (NBL) and interfacing options were prototyped and analyzed with testing planned for late 2014. This paper discusses the work done over the last year on the MACES enhancements, the use of tools while using the suit, and the integration of the PLSS with the MACES.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: JSC-CN-32259 , IEEE Aerospace Conference; Mar 07, 2015 - Mar 14, 2015; Big Sky, MT; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    A Geology Sampling System for Small Bodies (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Human exploration of microgravity bodies is being investigated as a precursor to a Mars surface mission. Asteroids, comets, dwarf planets, and the moons of Mars all fall into this microgravity category and some are being discussed as potential mission targets. Obtaining geological samples for return to Earth will be a major objective for any mission to a small body. Currently, the knowledge base for geology sampling in microgravity is in its infancy. Humans interacting with non-engineered surfaces in microgravity environment pose unique challenges. In preparation for such missions a team at the NASA Johnson Space Center has been working to gain experience on how to safely obtain numerous sample types in such an environment. This paper describes the type of samples the science community is interested in, highlights notable prototype work, and discusses an integrated geology sampling solution.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: ICES-2016-381 , JSC-CN-35582 , ICES 2016: International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 10, 2016 - Jul 14, 2016; Vienna; Austria
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Environmental Controls and Life Support System (ECLSS) Design for a Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) (2013)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Engineers at Johnson Space Center (JSC) are developing an Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) design for the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV). The purpose of the MMSEV is to extend the human exploration envelope for Lunar, Near Earth Object (NEO), or Deep Space missions by using pressurized exploration vehicles. The MMSEV, formerly known as the Space Exploration Vehicle (SEV), employs ground prototype hardware for various systems and tests it in manned and unmanned configurations. Eventually, the system hardware will evolve and become part of a flight vehicle capable of supporting different design reference missions. This paper will discuss the latest MMSEV ECLSS architectures developed for a variety of design reference missions, any work contributed toward the development of the ECLSS design, lessons learned from testing prototype hardware, and the plan to advance the ECLSS toward a flight design.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: JSC-CN-28390 , 2013 International Conference of Environmental Systems (ICES); Jul 14, 2013 - Jul 18, 2013; Vail, CO; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    A Geology Sampling System for Microgravity Bodies (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: Human exploration of microgravity bodies is being investigated as a precursor to a Mars surface mission. Asteroids, comets, dwarf planets, and the moons of Mars all fall into this microgravity category and some are been discussed as potential mission targets. Obtaining geological samples for return to Earth will be a major objective for any mission to a microgravity body. Currently the knowledge base for geology sampling in microgravity is in its infancy. Humans interacting with non-engineered surfaces in microgravity environment pose unique challenges. In preparation for such missions a team at the NASA Johnson Space Center has been working to gain experience on how to safely obtain numerous sample types in such an environment. This paper describes the type of samples the science community is interested in, highlights notable prototype work, and discusses an integrated geology sampling solution.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography; Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-34756 , International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES); Jul 10, 2016 - Jul 14, 2016; Vienna; Austria
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Environmental Controls and Life Support System (ECLSS) Design for a Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: Engineers at Johnson Space Center (JSC) are developing an Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) design for the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV). The purpose of the MMSEV is to extend the human exploration envelope for Lunar, Near Earth Object (NEO), or Deep Space missions by using pressurized exploration vehicles. The MMSEV, formerly known as the Space Exploration Vehicle (SEV), employs ground prototype hardware for various systems and tests it in manned and unmanned configurations. Eventually, the system hardware will evolve and become part of a flight vehicle capable of supporting different design reference missions. This paper will discuss the latest MMSEV ECLSS architectures developed for a variety of design reference missions, any work contributed toward the development of the ECLSS design, lessons learned from testing prototype hardware, and the plan to advance the ECLSS toward a flight design.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: JSC-CN-27499 , International Conference of Environmental Systems (ICES); Jul 14, 2012 - Jul 18, 2012; Vail, CO; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) Leak Plume Field Detection on the International Space Station (ISS) (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: The Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) was deployed to the International Space Station (ISS) with the objective of demonstrating the ability to detect and locate small leaks. On-orbit operations began in late November 2016 and following scanning activities to characterize the natural and induced environment of the ISS, RELL focused on the United States External Active Thermal Control System (EATCS). RELL successfully detected ammonia related to a known small ammonia leak in the port-side EATCS, with the highest pressure values around the inboard Radiator Beam Valve Module 1 (RBVM 1). An additional day of scanning was subsequently performed in December 2017 to focus on RBVM 1. RELL was approved for additional external operations in February 2017 with the goal of fine tuning the location of the leak. Using grid scanning patterns, RELL detected ammonia around RBVM 1 and located the approximate source of the leak. The potential leak site was inspected by a crew member during an Extravehicular Activity (EVA) in March 2017, and the suspected radiator-side lines were isolated from the port-side EATCS coolant loop in April 2017. Subsequent monitoring of the system pressures showed that the leak has stopped, indicating RELL accurately located the source of the EATCS leak. These activities verify that RELL enhances the ISS Program's ability to not only locate small leaks, but isolate the source with minimal impact to the entire ISS system.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN59636 , SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications; Aug 19, 2018 - Aug 23, 2018; San Diego, CA; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Natural and Induced Environment around the International Space Station (ISS) as Observed during On-Orbit Operations of the Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Final Document is attached. The Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) was deployed to the International Space Station (ISS) with the goal of detecting and locating on-orbit leaks around the ISS. Three activities to investigate and corroborate the background natural and induced environment of ISS were performed with RELL as part of the on-orbit validation and demonstration conducted in November December 2016. The first demonstration activity pointed RELL directly in the ram and wake directions for one orbit each. The ram facing measurements showed high partial pressure for mass-to-charge ratio 16, corresponding to atomic oxygen (AO), as well as the presence of mass-to-charge ratio 17. RELLs view in the wake-facing direction included more ISS structure and several Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) on-orbit vents were detected, including the Carbon Dioxide Removal Assembly (CDRA), Russian segment ECLSS, and Sabatier vents. The second demonstration activity pointed RELL at three faces of the P1 Truss segment. Effluents from ECLSS and European Space Agency (ESA) Columbus module on-orbit vents were detected by RELL. The partial pressures of mass-to-charge ratios 17 and 18 remained consistent with the first on-orbit activity of characterizing the natural environment. The third demonstration activity involved RELL scanning an Active Thermal Control System (ATCS) radiator. Three locations along the radiator were scanned and the angular position of RELL with respect to the radiator was varied. Mass-to-charge ratios 16 and 17 both had upward shifts in partial pressure when pointing toward the Radiator Beam Valve Modules (RBVMs), likely corresponding to a known, small ammonia leak.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN58665 , SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Symposium; Aug 19, 2018 - Aug 23, 2018; San Diego, CA; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    The Demonstration of a Robotic External Leak Locator for the International Space Station (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The International Space Station (ISS) and all currently conceivable future manned spacecraft are susceptible to mission impacts due to fluid/gas leaks to the exterior environment. For example, there is a well-known risk of ammonia leaks from the ISS External Active Thermal Control System (EATCS) loops and as of 2016 there was no method to locate them. It was, therefore, critical to develop a method for detecting and locating leaks to preserve vehicle health. The Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) was developed and deployed to the ISS to provide this capability. An on-orbit validation and demonstration was successfully completed in December 2016 and leak locating operations occurred in February 2017. This paper discusses the results of these exercises including measurements of the environment around ISS, detection of a small ammonia leak and implementation of leak locating methodologies. RELL is a collaboration between NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and Johnson Space Center (JSC) and was launched to the ISS as a Technology Demonstration Payload in December 2015 on Orbital-ATK Commercial Resupply Flight 4.
    Keywords: Space Transportation and Safety; Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics
    Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN60198 , AIAA Space Forum 2018; Sep 17, 2018 - Sep 19, 2018; Orlando, FL; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Natural and Induced Environment Around the International Space Station (ISS) as Observed During On-Orbit Operations of the Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) was deployed to the International Space Station (ISS) with the goal of detecting and locating on-orbit leaks around the ISS. Three activities to characterize the background natural and induced environment of ISS were performed with RELL as part of the on-orbit validation and demonstration conducted in November and December 2016. The first demonstration activity pointed RELL directly in the ram (+X) and wake (-X) directions for one orbit each. The ram facing measurements showed high partial pressure for mass-to-charge ratio 16, corresponding to atomic oxygen (AO), as well as the presence of mass-to-charge ratio 17. RELL's view in the wake-facing direction included more ISS structure and several Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) on-orbit vents were detected, including the Carbon Dioxide Removal Assembly (CDRA), Russian segment ECLSS, and Sabatier vents. The second demonstration activity pointed RELL at three faces of the P1 Truss segment. Effluents from ECLSS and European Space Agency (ESA) Columbus module on-orbit vents were detected by RELL. The partial pressures of mass-to-charge ratios 17 and 18 remained consistent with the first on-orbit activity of characterizing the natural environment. The third demonstration activity involved RELL scanning an Active Thermal Control System (ATCS) radiator. Three locations along the radiator were scanned and the angular position of RELL with respect to the radiator was varied. Mass-to-charge ratios 16 and 17 both had upward shifts in partial pressure when pointing toward the Radiator Beam Valve Modules (RBVMs), likely corresponding to a known, small ammonia leak.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN59669 , SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications; Aug 19, 2018 - Aug 23, 2018; San Diego, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    International Space Station (ISS) Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) Vent Flow Reflection and Detection by Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: On-orbit Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) (i.e., mass spectrometer and ion gauge) measurements on the International Space Station (ISS) are presented to show the detection of recurring Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) vents at multiple ISS locations and RELL pointing directions. The path of ECLSS effluents to the RELL detectors is not entirely obvious at some locations, but the data indicates that diffuse gas-surface reflection or scattering resulting from plume interaction with vehicle surfaces is responsible. RELL was also able to confirm the ISS ECLSS constituents and distinguish them from the ammonia leak based on the ion mass spectra and known venting times during its operation to locate a leak in the ISS port-side External Active Thermal Control System (EATCS) coolant loop.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN59670 , SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications; Aug 19, 2018 - Aug 23, 2018; San Diego, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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