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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 12 (1984), S. 141-147 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The poly(N-methacryloyl-L-alanine) (PNMA):Cu system was investigated by visible and U.V. absorption spectroscopy and by circular dichroism.After formation of complex I involving only carboxylate groups, at low pH,the deprotonation of one amide nitrogen at pH c.a.5 leads to the formation of an optically active chelate ring(complex II).At higher pH,an other proton is neutralized with formation of an optically inactive complex III The structure of these complexes is discussed.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 10 (1983), S. 473-477 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The viscosimetric titrations of poly(N methacryloyl-l-alanine) and of a series of poly(N methacryloyl-l-alanine-co-N phenylmethacrylamide) have been studied. The stability of the compact conformation at low degree of neutralization ¯α depends on the hydrophobic nature of the copolymer. When titrating with tetraalkylammonium hydroxides instead of sodium hydroxyde, the tetraalkylammonium ion has been found to increase the molecular dimensions of PNMA and in opposite, to decrease those of the copolymers. This has been explained by the existence of intermolecular hydrophobic interactions. The titration of one of the copolymers in the presence of calcium ions, has shown that this divalent cation strongly depresses the electrostatic repulsions, giving to the copolymer a marked hydrophobic character.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 12 (1984), S. 133-139 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The poly(N-methacryloyl-L-alanine) (PNMA):Cu system was investigated by potentiometry, conductimetry and Cu(II) specific measurements. After the formation of a 2∶1 PNMA:Cu complex involving only the carboxylate groups, two other complexes are successively formed with additional neutralization of one and two protons per cupric ion respectively. The stability constant of the first complex was determined by the Bjerrum method and was found similar to that of the poly(acrylic acid):Cu complex.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 315-331 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Reaktionsfähigkeit der funktionellen tert-Amin-Gruppen wurde durch Quaternierung von Homopolymeren und Copolymeren des 2-Vinyl-, 4-Vinyl- und 2-Me-thyl-5-vinylpyridins mit Butylbromid untersucht. Zum Vergleich wurde die Reaktionsfähigkeit von Modellsubstanzen herangezogen, wobei in allen Fällen eine Kinetikzweiter Ordnung während der ganzen Reaktion festgestellt wurde. Bei einem statistischen Styrol/Vinylpyridin-Copolymer mit geringem Gehalt an Pyridyläthylen-Grundbausteinen findet man für die Quaternierungskinetik ebenfalls zweite Ordnung, mit Ausnahme beim Styrol/2-Vinylpyridin-Copolymer, in dem die sterische Hinderung der entscheidende Faktor ist. Bei den Homopolymeren, im Falle des Poly(1-pyrid-4-yläthylens) [Poly(4-vinyl-pyridins)] bleibt es bei einer Kinetik zweiter Ordnung, bis die beiden Nachbargruppen einer gegebenen Reaktionsstelle quaterniert sind. Im Falle des Poly[1-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)-äthylens] [Poly(2-methyl-5-vinylpyridins)] ist die Kinetik zweiter Ordnung nur solange eingehalten, bis eine Nachbargruppe einer gegebenen Reaktionsstelle quaterniert ist. Für Poly(1-pyrid-2-yläthylen) [Poly(2-vinylpyridin)] hängt die Kinetik allein von dem Ausmaß der sterischen Hinderung ab.Die Ergebnisse konnten an Hand von drei verschiedenen Geschwindigkeitskonstanten gedeutet werden, welche graphisch bestimmt werden können.
    Notes: The reactivity of tert-amine groups was studied by quaternization of homopolymers and copolymers of 2-vinyl-, 2-methyl-5-vinyl- and 4-vinyl-pyridine with butyl bromide. The reactivity of the corresponding model compounds was taken as a reference: in this case second order kinetics is obeyed until complete reaction of the pyridine derivatives. If the pyridylethylene repeating unit is included in a statistical styrene/vinylpyridine copolymer (with a low content of pyridylethylene units), the kinetics are of second order too, except for the styrene/2-vinylpyridine copolymer. In this case the steric hindrance due to the position of the nitrogen atom is the preponderant factor. For homopolymers, in the case of the quaternization of poly(1-pyrid-4-ylethylene) [poly(4-vinylpyridine)] second order kinetics are observed, until the adjacent reactive groups are quaternized. In the case of poly[1-(6-methyl-3-pyridyl)ethylene] [poly(2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine)] a second order law is obeyed only until one of the ajacent groups is quaternized.For poly(1-pyrid-2-ylethylene) [poly(2-vinylpyridine)] steric hindrance effects govern strictly the behaviour of the functional group.These results were interpreted by introducing three individual velocity constants which were determined graphically.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 821-829 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The compact → coil conformational transition of hydrophilic-hydrophobic copolymers derived from poly(methacrylic acid) was studied by UV Spectroscopy. Two copolymers were used in this study: a Poly(N-methacryloylalanine-co-N-phenylmethacrylamide) (P50) and a poly(methacrylic acid-co-benzyl methacrylate) (S25). Both samples exhibit hypochromism in the absorption band of the aromatic chromophore when they are under the compact conformation: 7% and 30% hypochromism for P50 and S25, respectively. This difference is explained by differences in the hydrophobic side chain-side chain interactions between the aromatic residues. Increasing the temperature was found to increase strongly the hypochromism of S25 and to have little effect on P50.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(N-methacryloyl-L-alanine) and poly(N-methacryloyl-L-alanine-co-N-phenylmethacrylamide) containing up to 38 mole-% of N-phenylmethacrylamide were synthesized by radical copolymerization. These polymers were characterized by UV and IR spectroscopy and by conductimetric titrations. The samples were then studied by potentiometric titrations in pure water and in aqueous organic solvents, in the temperature range of 5 - 65°C. The experimental results show that, opposite to poly(methacrylic acid), poly(N-methacryloyl-L-alanine) takes no compact structure in water. The insertion of N-phenylmethacrylamide induces the appearance of this compact structure over 15 mole-% of this residue. Thereafter, the stability of the compact structure increases when increasing the amount of N-phenylmethacrylamide. Experimental results suggest that it is due to increasing Van der Waals interactions between the hydrophobic side chains.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the solubilization of a water insoluble compound, azobenzene, inside the hydrophobic domains of compact conformations, were carried out using different polymers and copolymers. The influence of the tacticity of the polymer and the hydrophobic character of the copolymers was investigated, as well as specific intramolecular interactions between the hydrophobic residues. The influence of the solubilization on the spectral properties (λmax and εmax) of azobenzene and the copolymers was also studied. Experimental results show that no close correlation exists between the solubilizing power and the stability of the compact conformation, especially since some copolymers which take a compact conformation have no solubilizing power.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The compact → coil conformational transition of two series of hydrophilic-hydrophobic copolymers derived from poly(methacrylic acid) was studied by potentiometric and conductimetric titrations. The samples used were poly(N-methacryloylalanine-co-N-phenylmethacrylamide) containing up to 50 mole-% of the hydrophobic residue (P series) and poly(methacrylic acid-co-benzyl methacrylate) containing up to 25 mole-% of the hydrophobic residue (S series). The determination of the free enthalpy of the transition and of the domain of the degree of ionization in which the transition occurs, show inportant differences in the behaviour of the two series of copolymers. These differences are explained by an entropy-enthalpy compensation for the S series due to strong hydrophobic interactions between the aromatic side chains. Conductimetric titrations allow, in some cases, the determination of the degree of ionization at the beginning and at the end of the conformational transition.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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