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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of heavy metals in soil on microbial diversity and activity as shown by the sensitivity-resistance index, an ecologically relevant parameter (1994)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 17 (1994), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Heavy metals ; Microbial activity ; Microbial diversity ; Sensitivity-resistance index ; Biomonitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A sensitivity-resistance index was developed, and proved to be a very sensitive biomonitor of soil pollution with heavy metals. The index was developed by a step-by-step approach. Ultimately, the bacterial soil microflora was divided into three groups, senstivive, tolerant, and resistant microflora. Zn and Cd sensitivity was defined as no growth occurring in the presence of 5 and 0.5 mg l-1 of these metals, respectively, while resistance was defined as distinct growth in the presence of 50 and 16 mg l-1, respectively. The sensitivity: resistance ratio of a referent clay soil (0.57 mg Cd kg-1 and 140 mg Zn kg-1) was 0.53, but for polluted (6 mg Cd kg-1 + 670 mg Zn kg-1) clay soil, the ratio was 0.24. For a referent (0.06 mg Cd kg-1 + 12 mg Zn kg-1) sandy soil the sensitivity: resistance ratio was 1.50 whereas polluted (2.3 mg Cd kg-1 + 252 mg Zn kg-1) sandy soil had a ratio 0.19. The ecological value of the sensitivity-resistance lies in its capacity to reflect potential deradation of aromatic compounds. It has been shown repeatedly that sensitive bacteria grow significantly better on a range of selected aromatic compounds. It has been speculated that resistance fo heavy metals may reduce the bioremediation capacity of soil towards chlorinated aromatics and polyaromatic hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336319
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density-functional theory of the crystallization of hard polymeric chains (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 7744-7752 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We study how connectivity influences the crystallization of fully flexible model polymers by applying a recently advanced amalgamation of the Green-function description of polymers, and the density-functional theory of simple liquids. Our calculations show that the model polymers only crystallize if the effective Kuhn length of the chains is sufficiently large compared with the range of the hard-core interaction between the segments. Also shown is the importance of bond-length fluctuations for the stability of the crystal phase. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1404390
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum: "Density-functional theory of the crystallization of hard polymeric chains" [J. Chem. Phys. 115, 7744 (2001)] (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 5325-5325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1453405
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of excitonic properties of conjugated polymers using the Bethe–Salpeter equation (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 6950-6957 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The excitonic spectra of a number of conjugated polymers, polythiophene (PT), polyphenylenevinylene (PPV), ladder-type poly-para-phenylene (LPPP), trans-polyacetylene (PA), and polydiacetylene (PDA), are calculated by solving the Bethe–Salpeter equation for the two-body Green function of the electron–hole pair. The only input to the calculation is the bulk dielectric constant. We find intermediate binding energies of 0.4–0.6 eV for the lowest optical 1 1Bu exciton, obtaining good agreement with recent experiments for each polymer individually. The agreement for the singlet–triplet splittings and the 1 1Bu polarizabilities is satisfactory. This also holds for the 1 1Bu–2 1Ag splittings in PT, LPPP, and PPV. For PA and PDA we find the 2 1Ag exciton above the 1 1Bu exciton, in contrast with experiment; a possible explanation for this discrepancy is the absence of lattice relaxation effects and double excitations in our calculations. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1356015
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis of NGF induced neurite formation in PC12 cells: The role of protein kinase C and its neuron specific substrate B-50
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Differentiation and Development 27 (1989), S. 195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0922-3371
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0922-3371(89)90591-1
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of nerve growth factor-induced B-50GAP-43 expression by antisense oligomers interferes with neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 187 (1992), S. 839-846 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(92)91273-S
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volume fraction dependence and reorganization in cluster–cluster aggregation processes (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 480-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Off-lattice diffusion limited cluster aggregation simulations in two dimensions have been performed in a wide volume fraction range between 0.001 and 0.60. Starting from a system of 10 000 monomers with radius 0.5, that follow Brownian trajectories, larger aggregates are generated by bond formation between overlapping aggregates. No rings are present in the nonaged structures. The influence of the initial monomer volume fraction on the fractal properties of the gels is studied and interpreted by calculation of small angle scattering structure factor patterns to find the fractal dimension. It is found that an increase of the volume fraction leads to the development of two distinct fractal regions. The fractal dimension at short length scale shows the diffusion limited cluster aggregation value of 1.45 up to the correlation length, while the long range fractal dimension gradually increases from 1.45 to 2.00, the Euclidean dimension of the simulation space. It is shown that high volume fractions lead to changes in the local morphology of the monomers as a function of the volume fraction with corresponding changes in the high-q region of the structure factor pattern. A new method to simulate aging of aggregates at modest (low pH and temperature) reaction conditions by an off-lattice nonbreaking reorganization process, called shaking, is presented. The shaking process induces small changes in the local mass distribution, causing ring formation, but does not affect the radius of gyration of the aggregates.It is found that shaking leads to the formation of a polydisperse collection of new primary scatterers with a volume fraction dependent radius between 6 and 8 initial monomer radii. For low volume fractions the fractal dimension decreases approximately by 0.2, due to the formation of the new primary scatterers. The shaking process induces changes in the fractal properties at length scales up to ∼40. A simple theory that relates the volume fraction with the correlation length and describes the influence of aging on fractal properties such as monomer radius, fractal dimension, and correlation length is developed. The diffusion limited cluster aggregation simulation results of nonaged and aged gels are compared with this theory. Satisfactory quantitative agreement between simulated and theoretical results is found. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469426
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic Modeling of Asphaltene Stacking (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 10430-10432 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100026a002
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How ions distribute in a drying porous medium: A simple model (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 14 (2002), S. 1389-1395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Salt crystallization at surfaces is an important problem for buildings and monuments. We do not consider the formation of salt crystals as such, but focus on transport properties of ions in a drying porous medium. We deal with the first phase of the drying process, where the water is still uniformly distributed throughout the medium. An approximate model is presented, which accounts for both convection and diffusion. It is shown that the key parameter is the Peclet number at the evaporating surface, Pe≡hL/cursive-epsilonD, where h, L, cursive-epsilon, and D are the drying rate, sample size, porosity, and diffusion constant, respectively. When Pe(very-much-less-than)1 (diffusion dominates over convection) the ions remain uniformly distributed throughout the system. Strong accumulation at the evaporating surface occurs for Pe(very-much-greater-than)1 (convection dominates over diffusion). Crossover behavior is found for Pe(approximate)1. Therefore, it is likely that the first crystals will be formed both in the bulk and at the interfaces of the material when Pe(very-much-less-than)1. For high values of Pe the density peak at the evaporating surface will reach the saturation concentration long before it is reached in the bulk of the material. As a consequence, the salt starts to crystallize at the interfaces. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1451081
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Nobelpreise für Medizin-Physiologie, Chemie und Physik (1946)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 2 (1946), S. 506-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02137582
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