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  • 1
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bertram, Caroline J; Elderfield, Henry; Shackleton, Nicholas J; McDonald, J A (1995): Cadmium/calcium and carbon isotope reconstructions of the glacial northeast Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography, 10(3), 563-578, https://doi.org/10.1029/94PA03058
    Publication Date: 2024-02-01
    Description: The delta13C and Cd measurements from benthic foraminifera from Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study (BOFS) northeast Atlantic Ocean sediment cores are presented. The delta13C values in glacial foraminifera are consistent with those from elsewhere in the North Atlantic Ocean. For intermediate water (1000 - 2000 m water depth), delta13C values were higher at the last glacial maximum than in present North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW), whereas for deep water (〉2000 m) they were lower during the glacial maximum. The Cd concentrations of glacial northeast Atlantic intermediate water were lower than those of present NADW. However, deepwater Cd concentrations increased to values between NADW and present Pacific Deep Water (PDW). The delta13C and Cd data are consistent and show that the northeast Atlantic Ocean was strongly stratified with 13C enriched, low Cd intermediate water overlying 13C depleted, high Cd deep water. The glacial water column comprised two different water masses: deep water, similar in character to present Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), and intermediate water, different in character from both AABW and NADW, and any present intermediate-depth North Atlantic water. The characteristics of glacial intermediate water were, however, similar to present near-surface waters in the North Atlantic, which suggests rapid ventilation of the glacial ocean to depths of up to 2000 m by cold, nutrient-depleted young surface waters.
    Keywords: Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS11891#4; BOFS11896#1; BOFS11905#1; BOFS11K; BOFS14K; BOFS17K; D184; Discovery (1962); JGOFS; Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; KAL; Kasten corer; Northeast Atlantic; PC; Piston corer; TR163-31
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: Cadmium/Calcium ratio; Cadmium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GF-AAS); Individuals; PC; Piston corer; Species; TR163-31
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 64 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS11896#1; BOFS14K; Cadmium/Calcium ratio; Cadmium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; D184; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Discovery (1962); Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GF-AAS); Individuals; JGOFS; Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG SIRA; Northeast Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 74 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS11905#1; BOFS17K; Cadmium/Calcium ratio; Cadmium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; D184; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Discovery (1962); Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GF-AAS); Individuals; JGOFS; Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG SIRA; Northeast Atlantic; Species
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 159 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: AGE; Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study; BOFS; BOFS11891#4; BOFS11K; Cadmium/Calcium ratio; Cadmium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; D184; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Discovery (1962); Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GF-AAS); Individuals; JGOFS; Joint Global Ocean Flux Study; KAL; Kasten corer; Mass spectrometer VG SIRA; Northeast Atlantic; Species
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 30 data points
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 11 (1995), S. 4614-4616 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 2 (1967), S. 200-220 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Metamorphosen in einem begrenzten System, d.h. einem System in welchem Material durch den metamorphen Prozeß zwar entfernt aber nicht hinzugefügt werden kann, können einen starken Einfluß auf Sulfidparagenesen haben. Komplizierte physikalische Beziehungen zwischen den örtlichen Metamorphose-Bedingungen, besonders Diffusion, Verformung, und dem zeitlichen Zusammenhang von Temperaturspitzen und Perioden maximaler Spannung, führen zu Veränderungen der ursprünglichen Sulfid-Verhältnisse. Die Sulfide können 1) strukturelle und mineralogische Veränderungen erfahren, 2) es kann zur Bildung neuer oder zusätzlicher Phasen kommen, 3) es kann eine Veränderung in der Verteilung der Hauptbestandteile und Nebenbestandteile eintreten, und 4) es kann zur Bildung von mineralogischen und chemischen Zonen, in kleinerem oder größerem Maße kommen. Es ist wahrscheinlich, daß derartige Veränderungen in einem größeren Maßstab stattgefunden haben, als meist angenommen wird. Andere Eigenschaften von Erzlagern, die im allgem. als das Resultat hydrothermaler Prozesse angesehen werden, sind möglicherweise gleichfalls Folgen einer Metamorphose. Obwohl vor allem auf Paragenesen in vulkanischem Sediment-Milieu hingewiesen wird, beziehen sich diese Prozesse auf alle Sulfidansammlungen, die einer Metamorphose unterliegen.
    Notes: Abstract Metamorphism in a restricted system i. e. one from which material may be removed but not added during the metamorphic process, may have profound effects on sulphide mineral assemblages. Complex physical relations of the regional metamorphic environment, in particular, diffusion, deformation, and the timing of thermal peaks relative to periods of maximum stress, provide the means for altering original sulphide relations. Within this metamorphic environment, sulphides may undergo 1) textural and mineralogical changes, 2) generation of new or additional phases, 3) redistribution of major and minor components, and 4) mineral and chemical zoning, on a small or large scale. Although effects of metamorphism have been recognized in some deposits, changes may be more wide-spread than is commonly realized. Other features of ore deposits considered to reflect hydrothermal processes may be generated by metamorphism. Although assemblages within sedimentary-volcanic environments are emphasized, the processes apply to any sulphide accumulation subjected to metamorphism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 221 (1969), S. 465-466 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Weiss and Amstutz2 briefly reported that mixtures of metals adsorbed to clay separate in the form of metal sulphides when H2S diffuses through the clay. We have examined the precipitation behaviour of some metal sulphides in media through which soluble mixtures of metal ions were diffusing. The ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 125 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Velocities of shear waves with different polarizations, as well as compressional-wave velocities, have been measured using a pulse transmission method in a series of physical models. the observations were made in a composite material filled with rubber inclusions, of variable aspect ratio, simulating cracks filled with a ‘weak’ material. the inclusions were oriented in a plane but distributed randomly in position. At a crack density of 5 per cent the experimentally measured velocities of shear and compressional waves are compared with results predicted by a theoretical model of Hudson (1981). Good agreement between the Hudson theory and the experiment is obtained for shear waves at all aspect ratios, but the agreement between theory and experiment for compressional waves is observed only for an aspect ration of 0.012. For dispersion analysis, velocities were obtained at different frequencies using a multiple-filtering technique. Results of dispersion analysis indicate that the maximum velocity dispersion for both shear waves (S1,S2) occurs at a O° angle of incidence and the minumum velocity dispersion occurs at a 90° angle of incidence. the variation of anisotropy as a function of aspect ratio and crack density can be related to Thomsen's (1986) anisotropy parameter γ= (Vs2/1Vs2/2— 1)/2. This variation suggests that the crack density is more important than the effect of the aspect ratio. Finally, we show that the ratio Vp/Vs is anisotropic. the present paper is a continuation of the elastic wave propagation discussed by Ass'ad et al 1993.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 41 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An approximation to plane-wave propagation through a composite material is examined using a physical model with oriented but randomly distributed penny-shaped rubber inclusions within an isotropic epoxy resin matrix. A pulse transmission method is used to determine velocities of shear and compressional waves as a function of angle of incidence and crack density. The experimental and theoretical results of Hudson were compared and limitations within the crack parameters used in this study have been determined. Results from both polarized shear waves (S1, S2) compare favourably with the theory for a composite with up to 7% crack density, but theory and experiment diverge at higher crack densities. On the other hand, compressional-wave velocities at low crack densities (1% and 3%) compare favourably with the theory. It is also shown that the velocity ratio Vp/Vs for two extreme cases, i.e. propagation normal and parallel to the cracks, as a function of crack density and porosity, has a strong directional dependence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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