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  • 1
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    IMPROVEMENT OF SOIL PROPERTIES AND PLANT GROWTH ON A BROWN SOLONETZIC SOIL USING IRRIGATION, CALCIUM AMENDMENTS AND NITROGEN (1986)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-01
    Description: A 4-yr study was conducted on an irrigated Brown Solonetzic soil in southern Alberta to determine the effects of relatively low rates (4.2 Mg Ca ha−1) of surface-applied gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) and lime (CaCO3) on soil chemical properties, water penetration and growth of bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss). Annual applications (155 kg N ha−1) of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and ammonium bisulphite (NH4HSO3) were applied alone and in combination with the Ca amendments. Gypsum improved the chemical condition of the Bnt horizon by decreasing soluble Na and the electrical conductivity, and increasing levels of exchangeable Ca. The exchangeable Ca to Na ratio was increased from 5.5 to 16.9, while the sodium adsorption ratio was reduced from 18.1 to 7.6. Gypsum also decreased the EC of the Csk horizon from 12.7 to 5.2 dS m−1. In contrast, the lime amendment only increased the exchangeable Ca level of the Bnt horizon. Ammonium bisulphite decreased the soil pH of the soil profile, especially the Ap horizon (7.3–6.3), and increased the initial rate of water penetration into the Bnt horizon. Gypsum increased by threefold the rate of water infiltration into the Bnt horizon compared with the control soil. Plant yields were increased over the control by ammonium bisulphite (46%), ammonium nitrate (66%), gypsum (77%) and gypsum plus ammonium nitrate (111%). The study indicates that a combination of irrigation with gypsum was capable of moving Ca into a relatively high sodic Bnt horizon, causing an improvement in both the soil condition and plant productivity. Key words: Solonetzic soil, irrigation, gypsum, lime, sodic soil, ammonium nitrate
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 2
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    LONG-TERM EFFECT OF DEEP PLOWING SOLONETZIC SOIL ON CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CROP YIELD (1990)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-11-01
    Description: Deep plowing (DP) has been investigated as a possible ameliorative procedure for Solonetzic soils, but the long-term effects of DP on soil properties are not known. Soil sampling to determine the long-lasting effects of DP on some soil chemical properties and crop yields was conducted at four sites with Solonetzic soils in east-central Alberta. The soils had been deep plowed 11–29 yr prior to sampling. Compared to adjacent unplowed (check) treatments, DP resulted in significant improvements in soil chemical properties at most of the sites. The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of the AB horizon (12- or 15- to 30-cm depth) was lower after DP at all four sites. Extractable and soluble Ca increased in the Ap horizon (0–12 cm) of DP soils, whereas extractable Na decreased in the Ap or AB horizons at three sites. The pH of the Ap horizon increased from acidic to neutral at three sites, while EC of the Ap horizon decreased at two sites. Crop yield increased due to DP at the three sites where yields were measured. The results indicate a long-term amelioration of Solonetzic soils by DP. Key words: Amelioration, deep plowing, deep tillage, sodic soil
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 3
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    FIRST 12 YEARS OF A LONG-TERM CROP ROTATION STUDY IN SOUTH WESTERN SASKATCHEWAN — BICARBONATE-P DISTRIBUTION IN SOIL AND P UPTAKE BY THE PLANT (1984)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-01
    Description: The first 12 yr (1967–1978) of an ongoing crop rotation study being conducted on a Brown Chernozemic loam soil at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, has already been assessed for yield, economics and soil N changes. In this paper the effect of crop rotation, N and P fertilizer and environmental factors on NaHCO3-extractable in-organic P (bicarbonate-P) and plant P were assessed. The soil had a high level of bicarbonate-P at the initiation of the experiment. Withholding P fertilizer for 12 yr did not reduce the level of bicarbonate-P but, frequent P application, using generally recommended rates of P, increased the bicarbonate-P in the top 15 cm of soil; the bicarbonate-P levels below 15-cm depth were unchanged. Bicarbonate-P changes during fallowing were significantly related to changes occurring in cropped treatments (r = 0.62** to 0.85**). There was no evidence of net P mineralization. Between spring and fall 66–88% of the variability in bicarbonate-P occurring in the top 15 cm of soil was related to soil moisture, air temperature, and their interaction. Invariably, bicarbonate-P increased between late fall and spring thaw. P uptake by plants was linearly related to time through to shot blade stage; the rate slowed thereafter, but uptake continued to maturity. The amount of P uptake was directly related to dry matter yield and positively influenced by N fertilizer. It was concluded that bicarbonate-P might not be the best indication of P availability and that a more detailed study of the cycling of P in these rotations would be invaluable. Key words: Bicarbonate-P, uptake, temperature effects, moisture effects
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein quality of peas as influenced by location, nitrogen application and seed inoculation (1996)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 49 (1996), S. 93-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: Field peas ; Location ; N-fertilization ; Inoculation ; Protein ; Amino acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate the contribution of location, N application andRhizobium seed inoculation to variations in seed protein content and amino acid (AA) composition of field peas. The magnitude of AA variations with protein level and the nature of the relationships that are involved were determined. Regression equations to predict AAs from protein were developed for the cultivar Bohatyr. The experiments were carried out at two locations in southern Manitoba in 1994. The levels of N fertilization investigated were: 56, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg/ha. At each level of N application, seeds planted were eitherRhizobium inoculated or not inoculated. The combination of location, fertilizer treatments and inoculation yielded 192 samples for chemical analyses. The samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), N and AA contents. Location and N fertilization had significant (p⩽0.001) effects on seed protein content and AA composition. Seed protein content increased with increasing levels of N application. The response of protein to fertilization was not the same in both locations as evidenced from the presence of interaction (p⩽0.01) between location and N application. Except for methionine and cystine, percent AAs in DM increased with increasing levels of N application. The effects of N application on the concentrations of methionine and cystine were not consistent. On protein basis, the concentrations of AAs decreased with increasing levels of N application. The only exception was arginine which strongly increased in concentration. There was no effect (p⩾0.05) of seed inoculation observed in this study. Strong positive correlations (r〉0.80) between seed protein content and AA concentrations expressed as percent of DM were found for all AAs except for methionine (r=0.76) and cystine (r=0.51). When AA concentrations are expressed as g per 16 g N, 15 of the 17 AAs were negatively correlated to seed protein content. Only arginine (r=0.78) and aspartic acid (r=0.17) had positive correlations. The regression equations developed from this study could be used to predict the concentrations of AAs except methionine and cystine for the cultivar Bohatyr once the protein content is known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01091965
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