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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LIPONOMIC REGULATION OF CALCIUM TRANSPORT BY 1,25(OH)2D3 (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 372 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb15502.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mice lacking the vitamin D receptor exhibit impaired bone formation, uterine hypoplasia and growth retardation after weaning (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 16 (1997), S. 391-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Targeted disruption of the VDR gene, a, Targeting the VDR gene. Wild-type VDR locus (top), targeting vector (middle) and predicted mutant locus (bottom). Filled boxes indicate exons. Expected restriction fragment sizes are shown by arrows. B, BamHI; E, EcoRI; Ev, EcoRV; N, Notl; P, Pvull; X, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0897-391
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the formation and function of osteoclastic cells (1993)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 52 (1993), S. 255-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 ; Osteoclast formation ; Osteoclast function ; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 ; Parathyroid hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Previous reports demonstrated that the administration of large doses of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25(OH)2D3] to animals with normal vitamin D supply causes an increase in bone volume with reduced bone resorption and decreased osteoclast number. The present study was undertaken to clarify if 24R,25(OH)2D3 has any inhibitory effect on the formation and function of osteoclasts. The effect of 24R,25(OH)2D3 on the formation of osteoclastic cells was examined by measuring the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells (MNCs) formed from hemopoietic progenitor cells obtained from spleens of 5-fluorouracil-treated mice. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 or parathyroid hormone fragment 1–34 [PTH(1–34)] stimulated osteoclast-like MNC formation in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of 24R,25(OH)2D3 alone showed a weak stimulatory effect on MNC formation at 10-6 M, which appeared to be due to its binding to 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors. In contrast, when 24R,25(OH)2D3 was added together with 1,25(OH)2D3 or PTH(1–34), it inhibited osteoclast-like MNC formation stimulated by these hormones. A significant inhibition of MNC formation was observed with 10-7M 24R,25(OH)2D3, and the stimulatory effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 or PTH(1–34) was almost completely eliminated with 10-6 M 24R,25(OH)2D3. Neither 24S,25(OH)2D3 nor 25(OH)D3 exhibited a similar inhibitory effect. The effect of 24R,25(OH)2D3 on the resorptive function of osteoclasts was examined by measuring the formation of resorption pits by mouse bone cells on dentine slices. Treatment with 24R,25(OH)2D3 also inhibited the resorption pit formation stimulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 or PTH(1–34) with similar dose response. These results demonstrate that 24R,25(OH)2D3 has a specific inhibitory effect on the formation and function of osteoclastic cells stimulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 or PTH, and suggest that these effects of 24R,25(OH)2D3 may play role in the regulation of bone metabolism by modulating the actions of osteotropic hormones on osteoclastic bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298729
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In memoriam (1992)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 197 (1992), S. iv 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00645732
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda associated with osteosarcoma (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 29 (1984), S. 39-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of osteosarcoma arising in a 16-year-old boy with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda is described. The etiological interrelationship between these two conditions is uncertain. To our best knowledge, their coexistence has not previously been reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01876756
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between actions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and cell surface expression of its receptors in clonal osteoblastic cells (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 162 (1995), S. 315-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Various osteoblastic cell lines were examined for the relationship between the presence of cell-surface transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptors and the synthesis of matrix proteins with their responsiveness to TGF-β. Treatment with TGF-β1 inhibited proliferation and stimulated proteoglycan and fibronectin synthesis in MC3T3-E1 and MG 63 cells. The major proteoglycans synthesized by these cells were decorin and biglycan, and TGF-β1 markedly stimulated the synthesis of decorin in MC3T3-E1 and of biglycan in MG 63 cells. SaOS 2 and UMR 106 cells synthesized barely detectable amounts of decorin or biglycan, and TGF-β1 did not stimulate the synthesis of these proteoglycans. In SaOS 2 cells, however, TGF-β1 enhanced fibronectin synthesis. TGF-β1 did not show any of these effects in UMR 106 cells. Receptor cross-linking studies revealed that only MC3T3-E1 and MG 63 cells had both types I and II signal-transducing receptors for TGF-β in addition to betaglycan. SaOS 2 cells possessed type I but no type II receptor on the cell surface. In contrast, SaOS 2 as well as MC3T3-E1 and MG 63 cells expressed type II receptor mRNA by Northern blot analysis, and cell lysates contained type II receptor by Western blot analysis. Thus, it appears that type II receptor present in SaOS 2 cells is not able to bind TGF-β1 under these conditions. UMR 106 cells with no response to TGF-β1 had neither of the signal-transducing receptors by any of the analyses. These observations using clonal osteoblastic cell lines demonstrate that the ability of osteoblastic cells to synthesize bone matrix proteoglycans is associated with the responsiveness of these cells to TGF-β1, that the responsiveness of osteoblastic cells to TGF-β1 in cell proliferation and proteoglycan synthesis correlates with the presence of both types I and II receptors, and that the effect of TGF-β1 on fibronectin synthesis can develop with little binding of TGF-β1 to type II receptor if type I receptor is present. It is suggested that the combination of cell-surface receptors for TGF-β determines the responsiveness of osteoblastic cells to TGF-β and that changes in cell-surface TGF-β receptors may play a role in the regulation of matrix protein synthesis and bone formation in osteoblasts. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041620303
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructural changes in bone of HA-coated implants (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 39 (1998), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: In our previous comparative push-out test of HA-coated implants and dense HA implants in dog bone, the ratio of the push-out value of the HA-coated implant to that of the dense HA implant decreased with time due to weakening of the HA coating as compared to the dense, more durable HA. The aim of this study was to investigate by histological examination of HA-coated implants in dog bone, using TEM, how this weakening of the HA coating occurs. The HA coating before implantation is composed of an amorphous glassy phase and a crystal phase scattered within the glassy phase. After implantation, the crystal phase remained almost unchanged. However, in the glassy phase, crystallization occurred and progressed with time. By 3 weeks after implantation, this crystallization already had started in the surface portion of the HA coating where it was covered by bone and also where it still touched the soft tissue. By 10 months, the crystallization had progressed to the deeper portion of the HA coating and had expanded to most of the glassy phase except for the narrow portions along the substrate-coating interface. These findings suggest that a progression of crystallization in the glassy phase causes stress accumulation within the HA coating, especially in the interface between the HA coating and the substrate, and that this stress accumulation results in a weakening of the HA-coated implant. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 39, 23-31, 1998.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adhesive improvement of the mechanical properties of a dense HA-cemented Ti dental implant (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 30 (1996), S. 109-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: We have been using dense, pure hydroxyapatite (HA) dental implants for the last 15 years and results have shown that dense HA is a chemically stable material with acceptable mechanical properties. However, due to HA's physical characteristics, particularly its brittleness, there is the risk that the implant will fail if the subsequent bone binding comprises less than one half of the root portion. To ensure greater implant success, a new cementing method has been developed that uses methacrylates for the bonding of the dense HA outer shell to the titanium (Ti) inner cylinder in a two-piece HA-cemented Ti implant. Mechanical property tests were conducted to compare the HA-cemented Ti implant bonded with this new acrylic cement with existing commercially available HA-cemented Ti implants bonded with a triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA)-bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BisGMA compound). The vertical and horizontal compressive strength of this improved implant was respectively 3.4 and 6.1 times greater than the commercial implants. This increased strength of new acrylic cement is due to its ability to compensate for shrinkage that affects adhesion during curing, thereby providing stronger bonding. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative push-out test of dense HA implants and HA-coated implants: Findings in a canine study (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 39 (1998), S. 364-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: dense HA implant ; HA-coated implant ; push-out test ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Two types of hydroxyapatite (HA) implants have been developed: an HA-coated implant and a dense HA implant. For a longer in situ life span, the HA implant must remain chemically stable and possess high resistance to occlusal force. To determine which type of HA implant shows better durability, this comparative dog study was done to evaluate push-out test results of HA-coated implants and dense HA implants of approximately the same size after implantation in the mandibular and coxal bones for periods ranging from 3 weeks to 10 months. The findings revealed that for the mandibular implants, the push-out values of HA-coated implants were significantly higher than those of dense HA implants at 2 and 4 months after implantation, with significance levels of p 〈 .001 and p 〈 0.05, respectively. However, there was no significant difference between the two implant types at 10 months. As for the coxal implants, no significant differences were noted for any period. Furthermore, the ratio of push-out values of the dense HA implants to those of the HA-coated implants situated in the same position bilaterally in each bone of the body for each implantation period rose with the passage of time, especially in the mandible. In the mandibular implants, the correlation coefficient of the relationship between the ratio and duration of implantation was highly significant (p 〈 0.001). Push-out testing caused detachment of the surface portion of the HA coating that was bound to the dense bone from the HA-coated implant at 2, 4, and 10 months after implantation. Furthermore, at 10 months the HA-coated layer in the wide areas of the implants had completely detached from the metal substrate, in contrast to the dense HA implants, which remained durable throughout the test period. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 39, 364-372, 1998.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in microstructural characteristics of dense HA and HA coating (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 41 (1998), S. 296-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Two implant types of hydroxyapatite (HA) currently are available for dental implants: dense HA-cemented titanium (Ti) and HA-coated. It has been shown in previous reports that there are differences in the chemical and mechanical stabilities between the dense HA and HA coated. The differences are thought to be due to structural differences between the two ceramic types. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in microstructural characteristics of currently available dense HA and HA coated implants before implantation and at periods of 3 weeks and 10 months after implantation in canine bone. X-ray diffractometry, infrared analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were used. The dense HA is composed of crystal grains, with a well crystallized structure of HA, closely bound to each other and approximately 0.4∼0.6 μm in size. Implantation did not change the original sintered structure of the dense HA. The HA coating was composed of an amorphous phase with a Ca/P ratio of 1.46 and a crystal phase consisting of oxyhydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, tetracalcium phosphate, and CaO, with a Ca/P ratio of 1.57. In the amorphous phase, compared to other portions in the amorphous phase, there were some layers with lower atomic density and with no significant difference in Ca/P ratio. After implantation, the crystallization of super fine crystals of approximately 4∼5 nm in thickness occurred in the amorphous phase, and with time it progressed and spread from the surface to the deeper portion of the HA coating. A Ca/P ratio of 1.58 in the crystallized portion was close to the ratio (1.60) in the dense HA, suggesting that the super fine crystals were HA. This crystallization cannot significantly decrease the solubility of the amorphous phase portion and poses risks of stress accumulation within the coating and a decrease of binding strength between the HA coating and the substrate. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 41, 296-303, 1998.
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