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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: The current study has determined the toxicity effects of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) on the some vital organs such as gill, liver and kidney of Caspian Roach; Rutillus rutillus caspicus. For this purpose, 120 fishes were used as experimental fishes and exposed to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L of Cu nanoparticles for 21 days, and 30 fishes as control. The mean water temperature of the aquaria was 22±2 ºC, dissolved oxygen 5.2 mg/L, pH at 7±0.004 and the concentration of Calcium Carbonate was 270 ppm. On the 7, 14 and 21 days after exposing the fishes to CuNPs, three fish were randomly selected from each aquaria, sacrificed and samples from their liver and blood were taken. Changing in antioxidant enzymes level were determined by evaluation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the blood of fish. In first week, the samples that exposed to 0/1 mg/L of CuNPs concentration had more activities in SOD and CAT levels (p〈0.01) but other treatments (0.2 & 0.5 mg/L) didn’t have any increase in enzyme activities. The liver microscopic sections were prepared and stained by H&E method and examined by light microscope which showed histological alternations in the liver tissues. Histological changes in liver included blood congestion in the central veins, cytoplasmic vacuolation of the hepatocytes, cellular hypertrophy, congestion in the blood sinusoids and necrosis of the hepatocytes and nuclear pyknosis. The degree of damages was more intensive at higher CuNPs concentrations. Evaluation of these changes could be useful in estimating the harmful effects of CuNPs. The result of the study showed that CuNPs could cause decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities and severe damages in the liver tissues of Caspian roach; Rutillus rutillus caspicus and have lethal effects for fish.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Rutillus rutillus caspicus ; Caspian Roach ; Copper nanoparticle ; Histopathology ; Superoxide dismutase ; Catalase
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.125-134
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This study was conducted to evaluate histopathological responses in liver, gills and kidney in Rutilus caspicus exposed to concentrations of 50, 100, 150 mg L^-1 of methyl tert-butyl ether, for 7, 14, and 21 days. The experiments were conducted in water temperature of 19±1 °C, dissolved oxygen of 7.6 ± 0.2 mg L^-1 and zero salinity. A total of 156 fish were studied in this experiment. In the first, second and third week of the experiment, three fish were taken randomly from each aquarium. To examine the tissues, the liver, gills and kidney were isolated and prepared for evaluation using standard histological techniques. Tissue damage in the liver includes: blood congestion, congestion of sinusoid, melano macrophage aggregation, hepatocyte hypertrophy, vacuolation, degeneration and cellular necrosis. Gill tissue damage includes: hyperplasia, degeneration lifting, telangiectasis, in secondary lamellae, blood congestion in primary and secondary lamellae, S formation of lamellae, reduction in length of secondary lamella, lamellar fusion and cellular necrosis. Tissue damage in the kidney includes: tubular shrinkage, blood congestion, melano macrophage aggregation, glomerular shrinkage, cellular necrosis, tubular degeneration, reduction in interstsial cells and interstisial hematopoietic tissue degeneration. The amount of tissue damages in high concentrations of pollutants was high, while gill, liver and kidney in the control group was observed in the normal outline. The results of this study showed that methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) can cause damage in vital tissues of R. caspicus and even, eventually lead to death.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Histopathology ; Gill ; Kidney ; Liver ; Methyl tert-butyl ether ; Rutilus caspicus ; In vitro ; MTBE
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.821-834
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of atrazine herbicide on the fry of Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901). First the 96-h LC50 of the fry were exposed to atrazine at the concentration of 24.95 ppm was determined. Then the toxicity of this herbicide on Caspian kutum fry exposed to the concentration of 12.47ppm (1/2 LC50), for four days was measured and compared with a control group. Comparison of the length, weight and condition factor showed no significant differences between atrazine exposed and control group. The concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl- in the whole body of fry in control and atrazine exposure groups were as the following order: Ca2+〉K+〉 Na +〉 Cl- 〉Mg2+ and Ca2+〉Na+〉K+〉Mg2+〉Cl-, respectively. Results showed that the concentration of all these ions were higher in atrazine exposure group than control group, except for Cl-, and the only significant differences was found in Na+ concentration. Major histopathological effects of atrazine on the gills were hyperplasia and thickening of the filaments, separation of the pavement cells of the lamellae epithelium from the pillar cells and swelling of the epithelial cells. Results of the present study showed that atrazine could affect the ion composition of the body, and caused major damages in gill epithelium even at sublethal concentration and acute exposure, but had no effects on the growth parameters.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Physiology ; Caspian Kutum ; Atrazine ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Toxicity ; Ion ; LC50 ; Histopathological ; Growth ; Parameters
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.702-718
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Aquatic organisms present, not only simple sources of accumulated metal, but can interact with metals, altering their toxicity. Due to exposition of biosphere with metals, organisms have developed various defense mechanisms to protect themselves against adverse effects of these ions and their compounds. Metallothionein (MT) is one of that which represents a critical mechanism for detoxification of metals.The sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) is a bottom feeding sturgeon specie and because the fish are dependent on invertebrate species for food throughout their life cycle, the sterlet could be a good indicator of the quality of the state of water ecosystem. Addition of copper to water leads to the induction of MT. The present study analyzed MTgene that was excreted from the liver of sterlet exposed to sub-lethal copper concentrations (0.075 mgL-1). To begin to elucidate the molecular mechanism(s) of sensitivity of sturgeons to metals, a RNA encoding MT was purified from livers of sterlet, then a cDNA was synthesized and the MTgene was amplified. The primary structure of sterlet metallothionein (S-MT) contained 20 cysteine residues, which is the same as MTs of teleost fishes. However, the primary structure of S-MT contained 63 amino acids, which is longer than any MT identified in teleost fishes but similar to Lake sturgeon and White sturgeon. The complete nucleotide sequence of the S-MTgene has been detected. We have determined the structure of the fish copper-binding protein by DNA sequence analysis of the gene.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Acipenser ruthenus ; Metallothionein ; Sterlet ; Copper ; Gene structure ; Identification ; Structure ; Gene
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1267-1277
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: In recent decades the use of algae in the food and pharmaceutical industries is of great importance. The antimicrobial activity of brown alga methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, and chloroform extracts on bacteria gram positive, gram negative, and fungi was evaluated by using nutrient broth macrodilution test. Sargassum glaucescense was collected around the coastal waters of Chabahar (Oman Sea) in Nov and Dec 2015. Six pathogenic organisms including; Enterococcus faecium ATCC 51299, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668, Shigella boydii ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Salmonella enteritidi PTCC, 1709, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus fumigatus PTCC 5009 were investigated by the broth dilution method. Methanolic Extract for six strains showed good activity amongst eight strains. Hexane extract, after methanolic extract has good effect on antimicrobial activity against five strains. All bacteria strain in this survey has showed resistance against ethyl acetate and chloroformic extracts. All extract of S. glaucescens has good inhibition growth against two fungal strains. S. glaucescens using four various solution extract against eight different human pathogens showed an important antimicrobial and antifungal activity. However, more investigation has to be done on separation, purification and detection of the active ingredients in order to recognize their antifungal and antibacterial activity.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Sargassum glaucescens ; Broth dilution ; Enterococcus faecium ; Streptococcus mutans ; Shigella boydii ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Salmonella enteritidi ; Candida albicans ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; Investigation ; Antibacterial ; Antifungal ; Marine ; Algae ; Activity
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.113-120
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely produced and consumed throughout the world. The advancement of this drug through medicinal and urban wastewater and exposure to aquatic organisms leads to changes in the physiology of non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diclofenac on the activity of two antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase and Catalase) in Cyprinus carpio as a valuable species in the Caspian Sea. For this purpose, two control groups and three treatments with concentrations of 2.5, 5.1 and 5 mg/L diclofenac were selected. Samples from three replications were taken at 7, 14 and 21 days. After extracting the blood serum samples, colorimetric was performed using ELISA reader to determine the activity of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase enzymes by using Zellbio kits. The results of this study showed that two independent variables of time and exposure concentration had a significant effect on the changes of dependent variables of Catalase and Superoxide dismutase (p〈0.05). Changes in the activity of Superoxide dismutase in the second and third weeks of treatment with 5 and 2.5 mg/L with 26 U/ml had a significant difference (p˂0.05), the severity of the changes was related to the concentration of the drug. The activity changes of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase enzymes were significantly correlated with the concentration and exposure time of Diclofenac, respectively. These changes in all treatments have been increased in comparison with the two treatments. The highest activity of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase enzymes belonged to treatment 5 (26, 15.3 U/ml), respectively, during the third week.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Schlagwort(e): Cyprinus carpio ; Superoxidase Dismotase ; Catalase ; Diclofenac
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.25-34
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22719 | 18721 | 2018-05-17 18:34:08 | 22719 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-09
    Beschreibung: This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of atrazine herbicide on the fry of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901). First the 96-h LC50 of the fry were exposed to atrazine at the concentration of 24.95 ppm was determined. Then the toxicity of this herbicide on Caspian kutum fry exposed to the concentration of 12.47ppm (1/2 LC50), for four days was measured and compared with a control group. Comparison of the length, weight and condition factor showed no significant differences between atrazine exposed and control group. The concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl- in the whole body of fry in control and atrazine exposure groups were as the following order: Ca2+〉K+〉Na+〉Cl-〉Mg2+ and Ca2+〉Na+〉K+〉Mg2+〉Cl-, respectively. Results showed that the concentration of all these ions were higher in atrazine exposure group than control group, except for Cl-, and the only significant differences was found in Na+ concentration. Major histopathological effects of atrazine on the gills were hyperplasia and thickening of the filaments, separation of the pavement cells of the lamellae epithelium from the pillar cells and swelling of the epithelial cells. Results of the present study showed that atrazine could affect the ion composition of the body, and caused major damages in gill epithelium even at sublethal concentration and acute exposure, but had no effects on the growth parameters.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Fisheries ; Atrazine ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Toxicity ; Ion ; LC50 ; Biology ; Physiology ; Caspian Sea ; Iran
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 702-718
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22138 | 18721 | 2018-02-12 11:43:38 | 22138 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-27
    Beschreibung: In recent decades the use of algae in the food and pharmaceutical industries is of great importance. The antimicrobial activity of brown alga methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, and chloroform extracts on bacteria gram positive, gram negative, and fungi was evaluated by using nutrient broth macrodilution test. Sargassum glaucescense was collected around the coastal waters of Chabahar (Oman Sea) in Nov and Dec 2015. Six pathogenic organisms including; Enterococcus faecium ATCC 51299, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668, Shigella boydii ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Salmonella enteritidi PTCC, 1709, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus fumigatus PTCC 5009 were investigated by the broth dilution method. Methanolic Extract for six strains showed good activity amongst eight strains. Hexane extract, after methanolic extract has good effect on antimicrobial activity against five strains. All bacteria strain in this survey has showed resistance against ethyl acetate and chloroformic extracts. All extract of S. glaucescens has good inhibition growth against two fungal strains. S. glaucescens using four various solution extract against eight different human pathogens showed an important antimicrobial and antifungal activity. However, more investigation has to be done on separation, purification and detection of the active ingredients in order to recognize their antifungal and antibacterial activity.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Fisheries ; Health ; Antibacterial activity ; Antifungal activity ; Sargassum glaucescens ; Broth dilution ; marine ; algae ; Enterococcus faecium ; Streptococcus mutans ; Shigella boydii ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Salmonella enteritidi ; Candida albicans ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; Iran
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 113-120
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22484 | 18721 | 2018-04-23 10:37:04 | 22484 | University of Guilan, Faculty of Natural Resources, Iran
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-06
    Beschreibung: Chemical contamination of aquatic environments to EDCs has become a major focus of environmental toxicology research. The exposure of fishes to estrogenic EDCs in aquatic environments is most frequently assessed by analyzing Vitellogenin (Vg) (the egg yolk precursor protein) expression. Therefore, characterization of Vg gene is of high priority for EDCs bio-monitoring. So, we prepared liver tissue samples of Caspian roach, Rutilus caspicus for RNA extraction. Following the cDNA synthesis, specifically - designed primers were employed to amplify the Vg gene and ultimately sequence it. The evolutionary analyses of the sequence were performed using MEGA7 software. The obtained results indicated that the designed primers successfully amplified the partial cDNA sequence. Our results indicated that this sequence most probably belongs to the Vg1 form of the gene. Moreover, it was demonstrated that Caspian roach and Petroleuciscus esfahani share a common ancestor. Noteworthy, the study of Vg gene would be helpful to understand the molecular mechanisms of development and would be used to establish a bio-monitoring tool for detection of exposure to different EDCs.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Fisheries ; Pollution ; Vitellogenin gene ; Caspian roach ; Rutilus caspicus ; EDCs ; Endocrine disrupting compounds ; Iran ; Rutilus caspicus
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 309-319
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21767 | 18721 | 2017-11-30 07:18:29 | 21767 | University of Guilan, Faculty of Natural Resources, Iran
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-01
    Beschreibung: Oligochaeta worms are important organisms in aquatic ecosystem. Their omnipresence makes them as an indicator of environmental changes and health of aquatic ecosystem. The members of the family Tubificidae and in particular, genus Limnodrilus are considered as the most tolerant oligochaets to aquatic pollution. Therefore identification and biological characteristics of this taxon are of great help to evaluate the ecosystem of water bodies. Limnodrilus claparedeianus were collected from Anzali Wetland with a grab of 0.04 m2 capacity at 13 stations from August 2012 through June 2013. Penis sheath was one of the main characteristics to identify them. Results showed their maximum and the minimum density in spring (601.27 ± 466.8346 Ind.m-2) and in autumn (156.12 ± 136.3 Ind.m-2) respectively which was significantly different (P〈0.05). Comparative spatial distribution of L. claparedeianus among 13 stations revealed significant differences in the west stations (P〈0.05). According to the results, correlation analysis did not exhibit any relation between abundance of L. claparedeianus and total organic matter, abundance of the species and percentage of silt in substrate sediment.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Environment ; Fisheries ; limnodrilus claparedeianus ; first record ; anzali wetland ; guilan province ; iran
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 407-416
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