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Phenotypic Variability for Bio-Agronomical Traits in Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) Populations of the Meskawi Botanical Group (1992)

Martiniello, P. ; Santis, G. ; Iannucci, A.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant breeding 108 (1992), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: The phenotypic variability and adaptability for bio-agronomic traits in berseem populations (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), was evaluated. The number of genotypes was 32 (26 of southern Italy origin and 6 Egyptian). They were evaluated under field conditions for two years (1989–90) in Foggia (Italy) adopting different cutting regimes: at 7–8th inter-nodes stem length, beginning of flowering, and no cutting. The genotypes of the Italian origin appeared to be better adapted when the cut was applied in the early stage of development, and more productive in seed yield. The Egyptian populations were most productive in forage in the later cuts and had a higher seed weight. The range of variation among the bio-agronomical traits was higher when the cut was applied at early flowering. The traits with wider range of variation were: dry matter, plant height at cut, regrowth at the fourteenth day after cut, tiller density and seed yield. Considering a multiplicative selection index, 6 populations were well adapted and could be used as parents in breeding programs and in extended farm cultivation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1992.tb00142.x

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2

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The effect of agronomic factors on seed and forage production in perennial legumes sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) and French honeysuckle (Hedysarum coronarium L.) (1994)

MARTINIELLO, P. ; CIOLA, A.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Grass and forage science 49 (1994), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2494

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Perennial legume varieties and ecotypes belonging to the species sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) and French honeysuckle (Hedysarum coronarium L.) were investigated under different management treatments (two regimes of irrigation, cutting and seeding densities) at the Forage Crops Institute in Foggia, Italy (which has a typical Mediterranean environment) for two seasons, 1990 and 1991. Dry-matter production, seed production and seed yield components were affected more by harvest year and irrigation than by seeding density. Mean increases due to irrigation were 2·8% and 60·6% respectively for dry-matter and seed yield in sainfoin and 35·3% and 32·5% respectively in French honeysuckle. Under both cutting regimes, the higher seeding density was more suitable for sainfoin, increasing stems m−2 with irrigation and seed yield without irrigation. In French honeysuckle the lower seeding density was more suitable for production of inflorescences per tiller and for seed weight without irrigation. Higher seeding density positively influenced seed yield under irrigation. The seed yield components most influenced by irrigation were: 1000-seed weight, seeds per inflorescence and inflorescence per stem. French honeysuckle genotypes were potentially more productive in dry matter and seed yield under both irrigation regimes than the sainfoin, which was more productive in seed yield when cut. The ecotypes of both legumes represent a genetic resource, particularly for seed yield after forage cutting, to be utilized in breeding programmes for developing varieties well adapted to Mediterranean environments.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1994.tb01984.x

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3

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Turf quality and reliability in varieties of four turfgrass species in contrasting Italian environments (2004)

Russi, L. ; Annicchiarico, P. ; Martiniello, P. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Grass and forage science 59 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2494

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Turf quality is a complex character of fundamental importance in turfgrass evaluation. It takes into account aesthetic and functional aspects, and depends on several individual components which may vary with time. The use of a synthetic and simple quality score is necessary when evaluating large numbers of varieties. The quality of 110 turfgrass varieties belonging to four species (Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Festuca arundinacea and F. rubra) was assessed in the second and third years of growth at three Italian locations, i.e. Lodi (Po Valley, continental climate), Perugia (central Italy, sub-Mediterranean climate) and Foggia (southern Italy, Mediterranean climate), using a visual score ranging from 9 (outstanding turf) to 1 (very poor turf). A randomized block design with three replicates was used, with varieties of the same species being blocked to facilitate the comparison within species. On average, F. rubra had the lowest turf quality score in summer, whereas the other species had the lowest quality score in winter and the highest quality score in summer and autumn. Components of variance were large for genotype (i.e. variety) main effects in all species. A variety × location interaction was found in F. arundinacea and higher-order interactions were also found for P. pratensis and F. rubra. Genotype × environment effects were small relative to genotypic effects in L. perenne. Variety × year interactions were small in all cases, whereas variety × location and variety × season interactions were greater. Stability of turf quality across sites, seasons and years was measured for each variety in terms of environmental variance, i.e. the variance of score values across sites, years and seasons. Mean scores and stability values of varieties were integrated into an index of reliability that estimated the lowest score value expected in 0·80 of cases. For each species, a small subset of highly reliable varieties could be identified. Implications of the results for the testing and breeding of varieties in Italy are discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00422.x

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Genetic variability in herbage and seed yield in selected half-sib families of berseem clover, Trifolium alexandrinum L. (1998)

Martiniello, P. ; Iannucci, A.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant breeding 117 (1998), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Berseem clover Trifolium alexandrinum L. is an annual forage legume commonly grown in pure stands and in grass mixtures in the Medi-terranean basin. Six populations were naturally cross-pollinated in 1990 and 1991 by a half-sib breeding method. In 1992 and 1993. 54 half-sib maternal plants, six original populations, and six advanced populations were field evaluated for forage (short cycle, harvest made at seven or eight inlernodes: long cycle, harvested at flowering) and seed yield (no forage harvest) in experiments at the Forage Crop Institute at Foggia, Italy (typical Mediterranean location). Genetic variability, narrow-sense herilability, genetic and phenotypic correlations among forage and seed yield component trails were investigated. The genetic variance in dry matter among maternal half-sib populations in short cycle was 51% greater than in long cycle. Narrow-sense heritabilily was 35% higher in short cycle than long cycle for dry matter and 26% higher for seed weight than seed yield. The magnitude of the genetic variance components and genetic correlations suggested that selection among plants of maternal half-sib populations would be more effective for improving dry matter in short than in long cycle harvests. The selection applied in the study was not effective for increasing seed yield per se however, the trait may be increased by selecting indirectly for seed weight.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1998.tb02207.x

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5

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Seed quality differences between normal, floury-2 and opaque-2 maize inbreds (1978)

Martiniello, P. ; Lorenzoni, C. ; Stanca, A. M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 411-417

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ISSN: 1573-5060

Keywords: Zea mays L. ; maize ; floury-2 ; opaque-2 ; seed quality traits

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Summary 142 inbreds of maize (Zea mays L.) and their fl2 and o2 versions, have been compared for seed quality traits. On average, fl2 is superior to the normal and o2 maizes in protein and oil contents and intermediate between normal and o2 in tryptophan content and DBC value. The introduction of the two mutant alleles drastically enhances the variation of the quality traits DBC value and tryptophan content. In association with the higher protein content of the fl2 versions, this effect makes it possible to identify a group of fl2 genotypes with high protein content (14.06%) and high DBC value (65.55), tryptophan content (1.32%) and oil percentage (5.92%).

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00043166

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6

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A recurrent selection programme for grain yield in winter barley (1988)

Delogu, G. ; Lorenzoni, C. ; Marocco, A. ; [et al.]

Springer

Euphytica 37 (1988), S. 105-110

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ISSN: 1573-5060

Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L. ; winter barley ; recurrent selection ; grain yield

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Summary The effect of a recurrent selection procedure was evaluated in a winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) population. Cycle zero (C0) was initiated by crossing six high yielding winter barley cultivars with the short straw cv ‘Onice’. The F1's were crossed according to a diallel scheme without reciprocals. A total of 750 S0 plants were derived and evaluated; 329 S0 plants were selected and their progenies (S1 lines) tested. Fifteen S1 lines were chosen and used as parents of cycle 1 (C1), by producing 105 F1 hybrids which simulated a random mating offspring. One hundred and three randomly chosen S1 lines belonging to C0, and 103 S1 lines belonging to C1, were evaluated at two locations. For grain yield a significant difference between cycles was observed. From C0 to C1 the grain yield increased with 307 g/m2. This increase was due to a higher number of seeds per m2. For plant height, heading date and 100-kernel weight no differences between cycles were observed. The positive results obtained in this study indicate the potential usefulness of recurrent selection for developing parents or lines superior for grain yield, with little change in other important agronomic traits.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036846

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7

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Physiological responses to water stress following a conditioning period in berseem clover (2000)

Iannucci, A. ; Rascio, A. ; Russo, M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant and soil 223 (2000), S. 219-229

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ISSN: 1573-5036

Keywords: drought acclimation ; leaf water potential ; osmotic potential ; proline ; Trifolium alexandrinum L

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) is an important crop in semi-arid regions; its herbage and seed yields are often reduced by water stress. Our objectives were (i) to determine the effect of water stress, applied after a conditioning period, on water relations, proline accumulation and plant dry weight, and (ii) to investigate if some physiological responses differed in varieties of berseem. Five cultivars (Axi, Bigbee, Lilibeo, Sacromonte and Saniros) were grown in a controlled environment, and subjected to four irrigation treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T4 referring to plants irrigated to field capacity every 1, 2, 3 or 4 d, respectively) during a conditioning period (12 d). T1 treatment indicated the well-watered control, whereas T2, T3 and T4 treatments represented the conditioned plants. Leaf water potential (Ψ), osmotic potential (Ψπ), relative water content (RWC), gravimetric soil water content (GSWC) and leaf proline concentration were recorded during the conditioning period and a subsequent water deficit period (3 d) applied at early flowering growth stage. The conditioned plants subjected to subsequent water deficit maintained higher values of Ψ, Ψπ, RWC and GSWC, and lower values of leaf proline concentration. Reductions in parameter values were inversely related to the water stress severity that plants had previously experienced. At the end of the experiment, T1 showed 42%, 58% and 31% lower values for Ψ, Ψπ and RWC, respectively, than those of T4. Conditioned plants were also shorter and accumulated less leaf, stem and total dry weight. The conditioning treatments did not affect the relation between Ψ and Ψπ since conditioned plants show similar values of Ψπ as the control at the same Ψ value. Thus, drought acclimation in berseem clover contributed to water stress tolerance by the maintenance of tissue hydration. The berseem cultivars examined showed differences in plant growth parameters, but they were very similar for physiological responses to water deficit. The main genetic difference was recorded for turgor maintenance capacity.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004842927653

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