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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 10 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: The activity of the respiratory electron transport system (ETS) of microplankton was measured in the Central Barents Sea during summer 1988. In vitro ETS activity increased with assay temperature between 0 and 2°C, as reported for other enzyme systems in plankton. The higher in situ activities were observed near the surface (upper 10-25 m) and were associated with chlorophyll a maxima. Respiratory activity in the upper 60 m accounted for 40-60% of the total column respiration. The activities (0-100 m) were lower than oxygen consumption rates reported in the Canadian Arctic, mainly due to lower phytoplankton biomass. They were higher than ETS activity measured in the Weddell Sea (Antarctic Ocean). A high detrital versus total microplankton mass accounted for the low activity related to particulate organic carbon (POC). In general, the levels of respiratory ETS activity were in the range reported for temperate oligotrophic oceanic regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 208 (1965), S. 1010-1012 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This communication will report on further observations that support the feasibility of producing antibodies that can react with nucleic acids. It is known that periodate ions are able to attack adjacent hydroxyl groups, cleaving the carbon-carbon bond, yielding aldehydes6 which can react with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 77 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three genes coding for α/β-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins (SASP) have been cloned from Clostridium perfringens and their nucleotide sequence determined. The proteins coded for contain 15 and 21 residues identical to those in Bacillus and C. bifermentansα/β-type SASP, respectively, as well as many homologous residues. However, the C. perfringens SASP exhibit significant sequence divergence from Bacillus and C. bifermentans SASP. These genes may be useful in taxonomic studies of Clostridium species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Clostridium bifermentans spores contain two major small, acid-soluble, proteins (SASP) termed SASP-α and β. The amino acid sequences of SASP-α and β are almost identical, and are very similar to those of α/β-type SASP from spores of C. perfringens and various Bacillus species. However, the C. bifermentans proteins contain an extra five amino acids in the middle of their sequence. Surprisingly, no γ-type SASP were found in C. bifermentans or C. perfringens spores, although these are the most prominent SASP in spores of Bacillus species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The activity of the respiratory electron transport system (ETS) of the microplankton (〈240 μm size) was measured in the Northern Weddell Sea during EPOS 1, in the Close Pack Ice (CPI), and in the ice edge (Outer and Inner Marginal Zones, OMIZ and IMIZ). During early spring the activity increased with time and in the pack ice-open water direction. The temporal trend was more obvious than the spatial one. ETS activity ranged from 0.01 to 1.25 ml O2 m−3 h−1 under the ice and from 0.1 to 1.6 ml O2 m−3 h−1 in the open water at the ice edge. Depth-integrated ETS activity in the upper 300 m ranged from 13 to 130 ml O2 m−2h−1. 60% to 80% of the activity took place above 100 m in the OMIZ in the prebloom conditions at the end of the cruise. ETS/Chl a ratios showed the importance of microheterotrophs under the ice, versus a greater phytoplankton dominance in the ice edge-open water zone. The carbon-specific activity reached a maximum (0.43 day−1) in the innermost zone of the CPI where bacteria dominated. Respiratory activity under the ice is important in producing the oxygen deficit observed, due to the negative balance between photosynthesis and respiration. The ETS activity was at the lower range of that found in the region in summer and is comparable to that measured in other oligotrophic, stratified systems in oceanic areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polar biology 16 (1996), S. 483-489 
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The activity of the respiratory Electron Transfer System (ETS) was measured in total microplankt on (〈200-μm size fraction) and nanoplankton (〈20-μm size fraction) from the Bransfield Strait, during the ECOANTAR 1993–1994 cruise of the Spanish B.I.O.Hespérides in January 1994. Activity variation in response to temperature was measured at three stations belonging to three different water masses that showed in situ temperatures ranging from — 0.57 to 1.30°C. Subsamples from each station were assayed for ETS activity at 11 temperatures in the — 3 to 20°C range. The results showed a bimodal activity-temperature variation in plankton from the lower in situ temperatures, with a peak in activity at 0°C, and a minimum at 3°C, with subsequent continuous increase up to absolute maxima at 15°C. The water mass with higher than 0°C temperature did not show the 0°C activity peak. The results suggest the existence, in water masses with in situ temperature near or below 0°C, of psychrophilic microbial populations with a narrow temperature range of respiratory enzyme activity, coexisting with more numerous and widespread psychrotrophs, or cold-tolerant populations, whose ETSs showed a continuous increase in activity in the — 3 to 15°C temperature range. Arrhenius activation energies (Ea) of total microplankton ranged from 3 to 17 kcal mole−1, and the Q10 from 1.2 to 3.5. These facts point to the existence of differentiated biochemical adaptations and acclimations to low temperature in polar plankton, an issue that has been much discussed in the recent past.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polar biology 16 (1996), S. 483-489 
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The activity of the respiratory Electron Transfer System (ETS) was measured in total microplankton (〈200-μm size fraction) and nanoplankton (〈20-μm size fraction) from the Bransfield Strait, during the ECOANTAR 1993–1994 cruise of the Spanish B.I.O. Hespérides in January 1994. Activity variation in response to temperature was measured at three stations belonging to three different water masses that showed in situ temperatures ranging from −0.57 to 1.30°C. Subsamples from each station were assayed for ETS activity at 11 temperatures in the −3 to 20°C range. The results showed a bimodal activity-temperature variation in plankton from the lower in situ temperatures, with a peak in activity at 0°C, and a minimum at 3°C, with subsequent continuous increase up to absolute maxima at 15°C. The water mass with higher than 0°C temperature did not show the 0°C activity peak. The results suggest the existence, in water masses with in situ temperature near or below 0°C, of psychrophilic microbial populations with a narrow temperature range of respiratory enzyme activity, coexisting with more numerous and widespread psychrotrophs, or cold-tolerant populations, whose ETSs showed a continuous increase in activity in the −3 to 15°C temperature range. Arrhenius activation energies (Ea) of total microplankton ranged from 3 to 17 kcal mole-1, and the Q10 from 1.2 to 3.5. These facts point to the existence of differentiated biochemical adaptations and acclimations to low temperature in polar plankton, an issue that has been much discussed in the recent past.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary As a means to estimate potential oxygen consumption, profiles of elctron transport system (ETS) activity were made along three transects across the Weddell-Scotia Confluence zone (WSC) and the marginal ice zone (which overlapped in part) during the EPOS leg 2 cruise of the RV Polarstern. The integrated ETS activity between 0 and 100 m depth (referred to in situ temperatures) ranged from 261 meq (mili-electron equivalents) m−2 day−1 in the WSC to 45 meq m−2 day−1 in the southernmost stations at 62° S. The temporal changes in the overall distribution of ETS activity were small compared with the spatial variations. The main feature of the ETS activity distribution was the presence of maxima located in the WSC, coinciding with peaks of phytoplankton biomass. Different relationships between ETS and chlorophyll a concentration in these maxima appeared to be related to diatom or flagellate dominance. Vertically integrated ETS activities were significantly correlated with chlorophyll a and paniculate organic carbon concentrations, primary production and bacterial thymidine uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-05-11
    Description: Historically, Physalis physalis (Linnæus, 1758) massive stranding events have been either infrequent or poorly documented. However, their occurrence can significantly affect human health and the stability of coastal ecosystems. This study analyzes a massive P. physalis stranding that affected Cuba’s NW coast in December 2022. During the event, eighty-five people were stung, with 38 having strong allergic reactions. To determine P. physalis abundance, we counted all colonies during the massive event along ~ 3 km coast within a 5 m strip. Density, dimorphic form (left/right-handed), and colony size were quantified using a 0,25 m2 quadrat placed every 50 m, 10 m from the shoreline. Over ten thousand beach cast colonies were recorded, making this the event with the highest mean colony density (29,3 per m2) ever reported. The massive stranding coincided with the lowest Arctic Oscillation index (-2,59) in the past 11 years during December, which led to northeasterly winds reaching up to 24 km/h, which might have favored the landings. Wind direction and speed, coupled with the dominance of left-handed colonies (71,4%), suggest the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre as a possible origin source of the bloom. The high prevalence of juvenile P. physalis colonies (68%) likely aligns with the autumn breeding season in the northern hemisphere. The potential causes of P. physalis blooms are still poorly understood. Systematic monitoring of the distribution and abundance of this species should be a research priority considering the potential risk to human health and the fact that the blooms could become more frequent on the Atlantic coasts due to its eutrophication and climate change.
    Description: Los varamientos masivos de Physalia physalis (Linnæus, 1758) han sido poco frecuentes o mal documentados. Sin embargo, pueden tener un impacto significativo en la salud humana y los ecosistemas costeros. En este estudio, analizamos un varamiento masivo en la costa NO de Cuba en diciembre de 2022. Durante el evento, 85 personas sufrieron picaduras y 38 experimentaron reacciones alérgicas graves. Para cuantificar la abundancia, se contó el número de colonias que vararon a lo largo de ~ 3 km de costa. Adicionalmente, se cuantificó la densidad, la forma dimórfica y el tamaño de las colonias utilizando cuadrantes de 0,25 m2 colocados cada 50 m a 10 m de la orilla. Se registraron más de diez mil colonias, convirtiendo este evento en el de mayor densidad media de colonias (29,3 por m2) reportada hasta la actualidad. El varamiento masivo coincidió con el Índice de Oscilación del Atlántico más bajo (-2,59) en los últimos 11 años durante diciembre, que provocó vientos del noreste de hasta 24 km/h, lo cual pudo favorecer los varamientos. La dirección y velocidad del viento, junto con la dominancia de colonias con velas orientadas a la izquierda (71,4%), sugieren que el Giro Subtropical del Atlántico Norte podría ser una posible fuente de origen de la floración. La prevalencia de colonias juveniles (68%) coincidió con la temporada de reproducción en el hemisferio norte. Las causas potenciales de las floraciones de P. physalis han sido poco estudiadas. El monitoreo sistemático de la distribución y abundancia de esta especie debe ser una prioridad de investigación, dado el riesgo potencial para la salud humana y la posibilidad de que las floraciones se vuelvan más frecuentes en las costas del Atlántico debido a su eutroficación y al cambio climático.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Beach cast ; Bloom ; Dimorphism ; Health risk ; Juvenile colonies ; Portuguese man-of-war ; Western Atlantic ; Varamiento ; Floración ; Dimorfismo ; Riesgo para la salud ; Colonias juveniles ; Fragata portuguesa ; Atlántico occidental
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: 85-94pp.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2007-05-01
    Print ISSN: 1388-1981
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2618
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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