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Ethics and international marketing: Research background and challenges (2005)

Carrigan, Marylyn ; Marinova, Svetla ; Szmigin, Isabelle

Bingley : Emerald

International marketing review 22 (2005), S. 481-493

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ISSN: 0265-1335

Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005

Topics: Economics

Notes: Purpose - This paper is a general review contextualising the current debate on ethics and international marketing. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of historical and current trends as a background for this special issue edition of International Marketing Review focusing on international marketing ethics. Design/methodology/approach - The paper examines how ethics in international marketing have evolved and progressed towards the current "ethics era" and presents discussion surrounding the role and value of an ethical approach towards marketing in a global marketplace. Findings - Essentially the paper argues that marketers should creatively embrace the complex challenges of the international marketplace by rethinking their approach to marketing ethics. Originality/value - Gives an overview of the special issue.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651330510624345

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Effectiveness of indoleacetic acid, indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid during adventitious root formation in vitro in Malus ‘Jork 9’ (1997)

De Klerk, Geert-Jan ; Brugge, Jolanda Ter ; Marinova, Svetla

Springer

Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 49 (1997), S. 39-44

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ISSN: 1573-5044

Keywords: apple ; auxin ; micropropagation ; rooting ; woody plants

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract We have examined in vitro rooting of apple ‘Jork 9‘ shoots exposed for three weeks to each of the three auxins commonly used for ex vitro rooting: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). During the initial five days of the rooting treatment, the cultures were incubated in darkness. In this period, the root initials are formed. Then, the cultures were moved to the light. NAA resulted in a low (ca. 8 roots), and IAA or IBA in a high (ca. 15 roots) maximal root number. The maximal root number was reached at a wide range of IAA concentrations (10-100 μM) but at only one concentration of IBA (10 μM) or NAA (3 μM). With NAA and IBA, growth of roots and shoots was much more inhibited than with IAA. For these reasons, IAA is the preferable auxin for in vitro rooting of apple ‘Jork 9’ shoots.