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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The implantation of sepharose beads in mouse livers as an aid in the study of hepatic schistosomal fibrosis (1980)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 1116-1118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An experimental model of schistosomal portal fibrosis is described. Sepharose beads the size of schistosome eggs, loaded or not with soluble egg antigen (SEA) fromSchistosoma mansoni, are injected into the coecal vein of C3H/Sn mice and become embolized in the liver. Only SEA-coated beads evoke a granulomatous reaction; this is enhanced by simultaneous priming of the mice with spleen cells fromSchistosoma mansoni-infected syngeneic animals. The fibrosis, which ensues around the beads, is stable and is much more evident after priming. Preliminary collagen tissue immunotyping reveals the presence of collagen deposits of types I and III collagen. Type IV collagen remains unchanged in the portal tracts. The model appears to be well suited for studies of the pathogenesis of portal fibrosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01966002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunofluorescent localization ofSchistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in tissues of infected mice using monoclonal antibody (1985)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 71 (1985), S. 317-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present study the kinetics of the uptake and deposition of the major circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) ofSchistosoma mansoni in liver, spleen, and kidney ofS. mansoni infected Swiss mice was investigated in relation to the duration of infection and infection dose (50, 100, 200 cercariae). The presence of antigen was studied with a direct immunofluorescence reaction on frozen sections of the mouse organs, using a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled mouse IgM monoclonal antibody recognizing a repeating epitope of CCA. CCA was demonstrable from 2 weeks post infection (p.i.) onwards in Kupffer cells in the liver, from 3–4 weeks p.i. onwards in macrophages in the marginal zones in the spleen and from 8 weeks p.i. onwards in kidney glomeruli. The immunofluorescence reactions on CCA in kidney glomeruli, however, remained relatively weak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928334
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Schistosoma mansoni: impaired clearance of model immune complexes consisting of circulating anodic antigen and monoclonal IgG1 in infected mice (1988)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 74 (1988), S. 356-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The clearance of schistosome-specific model immune complexes (IC) consisting of circulating anodic antigen (CAA), a gut-associated excretory-secretory antigen, and radiolabeled monoclonal antibody (IgG1) was investigated in mice with a light and heavy Schistosoma mansoni infection and in noninfected control animals. The size analysis of the in vitro prepared and injected IC, as determined by density gradient centrifugation, revealed a wide peak at 11S. In infected animals the injected IC were cleared at a significantly lower rate than in control mice. This was attributed to a decreased uptake of IC by the liver in infected mice. In heavily infected mice, 30 min after injection of 11S IC, 8S, 11S, and 〉11S IC were present in the serum, whereas only small 8S IC were detected in the serum of lightly infected animals and noninfected controls. Immune complexes were also present in the serum of heavily infected mice 30 min after injection of antibody and were detectable as 11S and 〉11S IC. The importance of this study is twofold. First, these results show that schistosome-specific monoclonal antibodies can be used in the production of model immune complexes applicable in clearance studies. Second, our findings might be of importance when the possible pathogenicity of circulating IC in schistosomiasis is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539458
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Schistosomiasis and in vitro transdifferentiation of murine peritoneal macrophages into fibroblastic cells (1989)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 76 (1989), S. 150-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We developed a method for avoiding contamination by fibroblasts when cultures of peritoneal cells are initiated. Macrophages were identified by immunogold detection [light microscope, transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopes] of membrane antigens (Mac-1+, Thy-1,2−), non-specific esterase activity and ultrastructural features (TEM). As compared with controls, the yield of peritoneal macrophages was 2- and 12-fold higher, respectively, in acutely and chronically infected mice. In all, 30 “chronic”, 18 “acute” and 18 control cultures were followed up. At a given cell-density seeding, the decline of control, “acute” and “chronic” cultures starts at about day 10, 15, and 27, respectively. In “chronic” cultures only, fibroblast-like cells appear from day 6 onwards; their number increases with time. Cells showing characters intermediary between macrophages and fibroblasts were observed. We suggest that fibroblast-like cells result from the in vitro transdifferentiation of a limited number of in vivo committed macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930838
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoelectron microscopical localization of a circulating antigen in the excretory system ofSchistosoma mansoni (1995)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 81 (1995), S. 375-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study the excretory system ofSchistosoma mansoni was ultrastructurally examined with a recently described monoclonal antibody (mAb) against a circulating antigen. In previous studies this mAb was found to have affinity for the excretory system. Strong immunoreactivity was found on the flagella of the flame cells and of the collecting ducts throughout the worm. The eggshell and the space between the miracidium and the eggshell showed strong reactivity with a declining gradient towards the exterior, suggesting a secretion process. In cercariae, immunoreactivity was restricted to the tegument, whereas in schistosomula the labeling pattern resembled that of the adult worm, demonstrating positive reactivity of the flame cells and no immunostaining of the tegument. This stage-dependent differential expression of different antigens in the excretory system and in the tegument could suggest a maturation process of the excretory system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931497
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental infections of laboratory rodents with recently isolated stocks ofTrypanosoma brucei gambiense (1981)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 64 (1981), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Keywords: T. b. gambiense ; Rodents ; Histopathology ; Brain ; Heart ; Liver ; Spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histopathological findings on brain, heart, liver, and spleen of albino rats and white mice, infected with different stocks ofTrypanosoma brucei gambiense of human origin are presented. Classical brain lesions, including chronic inflammation of the choroid plexuses, were observed in all infected animals, the severity of which increased with the chronicity of the disease. Parasite stocks which gave rise to a less acute course of the disease more often induced myocarditis, while brain lesions were less pronounced, suggesting that virulence of the parasites is more closely related to the advent of myocarditis than to the appearance of brain lesions. Liver lesions were not obvious. In spleens, a variable and often very pronounced degree of lymphoid hyperplasia was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930495
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical characterization of the mononuclear cells in the brain of the rat with an experimental chronicTrypanosoma brucei gambiense infection (1989)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 75 (1989), S. 251-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of T-cell subsets, B cells, and class II MHC antigens was examined within the CNS of rats chronically infected withTrypanosoma brucei gambiense, using appropriate mouse monoclonal antibodies. The mononuclear infiltrates of the leptomeninges and the perivascular areas (Virchow-Robin spaces) were composed of IgM-producing plasma cells and Mott cells and T-helper/inducer cells. Cells defined phenotypically as suppressor/cytotoxic T cells were rare. Anti-Ia reactive cells were also abundant in these inflammatory lesions and in the white matter, representing Ia-expressing neuroglial cells, B cells, activated T cells, and macrophages. The Ia-positive neuroglial cells, possibly acting as accessory cells, associated with numerous T-helper/inducer cells and cells from the B-cell lineage, suggest that a T-dependent B-cell immune response can be initiated within the CNS of rats with a chronicT. b. gambiense infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931808
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoantibodies to intermediate filaments in experimental infections withTrypanosoma brucei gambiense (1986)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 72 (1986), S. 443-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sera from rats with chronicTrypanosoma brucei gambiense infection were tested for autoantibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. All the sera contained IgM autoantibodies which reacted with blood vessel walls. On cultured vascular smooth muscle cells positive sera reacted with cytoplasmic filaments which were rearranged into perinuclear coils of filaments in colcemid-pretreated smooth muscle cells. These observations strongly suggest that the cytoplasmic autoantigens are intermediate filaments (I.F.). It is probable that the anti-intermediate filament autoantibodies result from polyclonal lymphocyte activation, since in rats experimentally infected withT.b. gambiense the appearance of these autoantibodies occurs already 1 week post-infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00927888
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence ofSchistosoma mansoni antigens in liver, spleen and kidney of infected mice: a sequential study (1984)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 70 (1984), S. 491-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present study the kinetics of the uptake and deposition ofSchistosoma mansoni antigens in liver, spleen and kidney ofS. mansoni infected Swiss mice have been investigated in relation to duration of infection and infection dose (50, 100, 200 cercariae). The presence of antigen was studied with a direct immunofluorescence reaction on frozen sections of the organs, using a number of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled antisera produced against various antigen preparations isolated from different life-cycle stages of the parasite. The presence of antigen was demonstrable with two of the antisera, directed against the circulating anodic antigen (CAA) and against total soluble egg antigen (SEA). CAA was demonstrable from 1 week post infection (p.i.) onwards in Kupffer cells in the liver, from 2–3 weeks p.i. onwards in macrophages in the marginal zones in the spleen and from 3 weeks onwards in kidney glomeruli. Immunofluorescence reactions on CAA in kidney glomeruli, however, were only weak positive until 12 weeks p.i., whereafter strong positive reactions were found. SEA was demonstrable from 5 weeks p.i. onwards in Kupffer cells in the liver and from 4 weeks p.i. onwards in macrophages of the spleen. In contrast to CAA, SEA was not detectable in kidney glomeruli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00926690
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  • 10
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    The implantation of sepharose beads in mouse livers as an aid in the study of hepatic schistosomal fibrosis (1980)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-4754
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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