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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid identification of cellulose esters and ethers using paper chromatography (1960)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 32 (1960), S. 1772-1773 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50153a019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size exclusion behavior of polymers in amide solvents (1995)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 34 (1995), S. 585-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The abnormal behavior of acrylonitrile polymers shown by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was investigated by using model polymers having variable degrees of sulfonated moieties as electric charged groups. The unexpected small retention volume and very high UV absorption at 280 nm were observed in the case of the samples with ionic sulfonate groups even in very small amounts, as chain ends. The abnormal behavior was confirmed to be due to impurities of DMF decomposition which interact with charged groups in the polymers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00423355
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size exclusion behavior of polymers in amide solvents (1995)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 34 (1995), S. 593-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) procedure for the determination of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of acrylonitrile polymers (PAN) is described. The Mark-Houwink-Sakurada parameters of PAN polymers in DMF and 0.01M LiBr-DMF at 60°C were estimated. The values of a parameters obtained by us for PAN prepared both by persulfate-metabisulfite aqueous system (PAN), and azo-bis-isobutyronitrile in DMF solution (PAN-A) were the same, while for PAN sample containing small amounts of sulfonated pendant groups (PAN-S) was higher. The addition of inorganic salt, such as LiBr, to DMF suppressed the abnormal SEC elution behavior observed in the solvent without the electrolyte although SEC of PAN-A showed almost the same results as in DMF with electrolyte. The universal calibration using monodisperse poly(ethylene oxide) standards as well as application of the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada parameters were satisfactory for the determination of the molecular weights.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00423356
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study on the lamellar crystal structure of high and low density polyethylenes (1997)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 38 (1997), S. 707-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A comparative study was undertaken on well characterized HDPE and LDPE samples in order to obtain a better understanding of the morphology of the crystalline phase. Thickness of the lamellae was determined by WAXS. The melting points were calculated by empirical and Gibbs-Thomson equations, considering either folded or extended chains, and compared to DSC data. The results confirm that in HDPE the chains are folded, the segment between folds containing about 100 carbon atoms, while in LDPE, the chains are extended, with segments of about 73 carbon atoms in the crystalline core, linked to the paracrystalline layer and amorphous zones, which contain long folds and chain ends, as proposed in the 3-phase model by Vile et al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size exclusion behavior of polymers in amide solvents (1996)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 36 (1996), S. 729-735 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The size exclusion chromatography of neutral polymers and polymers containing ionic groups was investigated using N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) as mobile phase. As reported previously for N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acrylonitrile polymers containing charges, even those at terminal end groups, showed markedly small retention volumes and multimodal peaks by refractive index and 280 nm UV detectors. In DMA containing small amounts of LiBr the peaks of the ionic polymers were shifted to small retention volumes while neutral polymers with analogous chemical structures did not show the same behavior. As in the case of DMF the peculiarities observed in DMA were attributed to the formation of supramolecular structures by the interaction of the ionic groups in the polymer and the ionic species from DMA decomposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338637
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of cyclic anhydride on syndiotactic poly(methacrylic acid) by cyclohexylcarbodiimide (1982)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 6 (1982), S. 493-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The reaction of syndiotactic poly(methacrylic acid) (s-PMAA) with Cyclohexylcarbodiimide, in the absence of alcohols, amines, or other compounds reactive with anhydride, leads to methacrylic anhydride (cyclic)-methacrylic acid (MAH-MAA) copolymers. For determining the statistics of these soluble linear copolymers, a complete esterification of the methacrylic acid monomer units by diazomethane is carried out, the anhydride ring not being affected by the diazomethane. By a consecutive hydrolysis step, the anhydride is cleaved, resulting in methyl methacrylate — methacrylic acid (MMA-MAA) copolymers whose statistics is a replica of the original MAH-MAA copolymers and which can be easily determined by NMR. The statistics of the copolymers is not Bernoullian with respect to the distribution of the dimethacrylic acid anhydride rings and the methacrylic acid units, but the ring forming reaction is nearly random along the chain with a small tendency toward alternation for MAH-rings and MAA-units.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00255811
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of alkyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymers by simultaneous hydrolysis and polymerization (1990)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 23 (1990), S. 497-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The ability of concentrated nitric acid (65% HNO3) to initiate reactions of polymerization when in contact with acrylic and methacrylic acids and esters at room temperature in the absence of other reagents has been studied in this laboratory. In a previous paper, we presented the results when the reaction was applied to methacrylic monomers. This work reports data obtained with methyl and ethyl acrylates; high molecular weight ester-acid copolymers were produced. The nature of the products and the course of the reaction are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00419968
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of trialkyl aconitates with vinylidene chlorideThis is a partial report of work done under contract with three Utilization Research and Development Divisions, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and authorized by the Research and Marketing Act. The contract was supervised by Dr. J. C. Cowan of the Northern Division. (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 31 (1958), S. 165-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Reactivity ratios for the copolymerization of trimethyl aconitate and vinylidene chloride have been determined. Some copolymers of vinylidene chloride with trimethyl, triethyl, and tri-n-butyl aconitate have been reported. The stabilizing effect of aconitic esters on the color of polyvinylidene chloride has been confirmed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1958.1203112217
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroinitiated polymerizations of indene and acenaphthylene (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 3325-3331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170191225
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrolytically initiated polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 829-835 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole was studied systematically using electroinitiation with several quaternary ammonium salts as electrolytes in methylene chloride solution. Polymer was obtained only when the following electrolytes were used: tetraethylammonium perchlorate, tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and tetrabutylammonium fluoroborate. Polymeric products of molecular weight 104-105 were formed in the anodic compartment of a divided cell. IR and 13C-NMR spectra showed that the structures of the polymers were similar to those produced by conventional cationic polymerization, which suggests a similar mechanism for the resulting anodic product.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170210318
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