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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 1368-1375 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An electrostatic space charge layer of nanometer thickness is formed at organic film/metal interfaces due to the displacement of electrons from the metal to the film. This space charge layer directly affects the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of artificially layered rhoadamine–dendorimer thin films, which show a step structure similar to a Coulomb staircase. The capacitance between one rhodamine–dendorimer molecule and a metal electrode is calculated using a sphere-plane model, assuming that excess electronic charges are displaced from the plane metal electrode into the film. This capacitance is found to increase as the excess charge increases which leads to a change in the voltage steps in the I–V characteristics as observed in metal/polyimide/ rhodamine–dendorimer/polyimide/metal junctions. Such a voltage step is derived theoretically, and will explain the difference between Au/polyimide/rhodamine–dendorimer/ polyimide/Al and Al/polyimide/rhodamine–dendorimer/polyimide/Al junctions. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 8561-8567 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The optical molecular switching in single monolayers containing azobenzene derivatives at the air water interface due to photoinduced cis-trans isomerization was detected by using a displacement-current-measuring technique. The reversible displacement current generation was found to be sustained by the alternative applications of ultraviolet light and visible light, whereas, the current generation was never initiated by the successive irradiation of ultravilolet or visible light. In order to clarify the physical mechanism relevant to the displacement current generation, the optical molecular switching in single monolayers deposited on solid substrates was also examined by the displacement-current-measuring technique using a (indium tin oxide)/monolayer/air-gap/(indium tin oxide) structure. As a result, the displacement-current generation from single monolayers deposited on the solid substrates was found to be initiated in a similar manner as that from monolayers formed on the water surface. Finally, we concluded that the technique developed here will be used for a better understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of monolayers and will also be used in future molecular electronic technologies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 5135-5142 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dynamic behavior of fatty acid monolayers at the air–water interface was investigated using a displacement current-measuring technique coupled with the so-called Langmuir-film technique and also the dipole moment of the acids was determined. The displacement current flowing though a short circuit was generated only when induced charges on an electrode suspended in air was changed by monolayer compression. The displacement current measurement was found to be a very sensitive method used for a better understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of the monolayers placed on the water surface and it was also found to be a very useful method for detecting the dynamic motion of molecules in the entire range from the so-called gaseous state to the solid state at the same time. Finally, the generalized displacement current was theoretically analyzed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 1631-1636 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Maxwell displacement current generated from single fatty acid monolayers containing azobenzene by photoisomerization was investigated in the context of the phase diagram of monolayers on a water surface. Transient displacement-current pulses were found to be produced when successive isomerizations were induced in monolayers by irradiation with ultraviolet and visible light. In contrast, the displacement current was never generated in the so-called solid phase by the application of surface pressure or photoirradiation, probably because of the lack of free volume for the isomerizing chromophore in single monolayers and as well as the aggregation of molecules in the monolayer. The displacement current generated during monolayer compression was also investigated in connection with phase transitions.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 1637-1641 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Maxwell displacement current was generated from 4-octyl-4'-(5-carboxylpentamethyleneoxy)-azobenzene (denoted as 8A5H) monolayer Langmuir–Blodgett films prepared on SnO2-coated glass substrates due to trans-cis photoisomerization of 8A5H by application of alternate irradiation with UV light and visible light. The generation of the displacement current by the photoirradiation was examined in connection with the degree of H-aggregate of 8A5H molecules. It was concluded that the high-H-aggregate molecule of the azobenzene group is not appropriate for the application of the molecular switching based on the displacement-current measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 2228-2233 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The new displacement current measuring system used for detecting the dynamic behavior of monolayers at the air-water interface is described. It basically consists of a film balance, a light source and a pair of electrodes connected to each other through a sensitive ammeter. Here, one electrode is suspended in air and the other electrode is placed in the water. Using the system, displacement current generated from a single monolayer by either the application of surface pressures or the photoirradiation can be detected. Since the displacement current flows due to the dynamic behavior of polar molecules at the air-water interface, the physicochemical properties of monolayers, e.g., dipole moment of the constituent molecules and the molecular structural change due to the photoisomerization, can be investigated without destroying the monolayers themselves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 3848-3852 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Surface potentials of phthalocyanine derivative Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films on metal electrodes were studied. Two kinds of phthalocyanine derivatives (C6PcCu and CuttbPc) were examined as a function of the number of deposited layers. The distributions of spatial excess charge density and electronic density of states at the metal/film interface were determined. The difference in the electrostatic phenomena observed in these two phthalocyanine LB films was attributed to the difference in the density of surface states of these two films. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 3229-3233 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Space charge distributions of organic-molecular-beam-deposited titanylphthalocyanine (TiOPc) films on metal electrodes were investigated by measuring surface potentials at various deposited thickness of TiOPc. The island growth of TiOPc on Au, Cr, and Al electrodes was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) image. Mean thickness of TiOPc films was evaluated by combining the results of absorbance and frequency-height dependence of the AFM image. Surface potentials across TiOPc film due to the space charges at the metal-TiOPc interface were discussed by taking into account the surface roughness. It was found that the surface potential-film thickness relationship of TiOPc films is similar to that of Langmuir–Blodgett films. The space charge distributions in TiOPc films on Au, Cr, and Al electrodes were determined from the thickness dependence of the surface potentials. It is shown that the space charges are excessive electrons transferred from metals, and 90% of them concentrate on the metal-TiOPc interface at a range of 10 nm. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 7087-7093 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The scanning probe microscope used for the simultaneous measurement of tunneling current and surface potential (TSM) is analyzed. Using an electric image method, the capacitance formed between the vibrating tip and plane sample is calculated, assuming that the vibrating tip is a sphere electrode with a radius r. The formula expressing the displacement current and the capacitance is obtained. The resolution of the TSM is discussed, and concluded that the lateral resolution of the displacement current mode is better than one fifth of the tip radius r, e.g., about 1 μm for r=5 μm. Finally, the distance between the tip and plane sample, and the tip radius were experimentally determined by comparing the theoretical relationship between the displacement current and the distance. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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