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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Phase stability studies were performed within the quasi-ternary system LaGaO3-SrGaO2.5-“LaMgO2.5”. Emphasis was cast on the temperature dependence of the homogeneity region of La1−xSrxGa1−yMgyO3−δ perovskite solid solutions. Isothermal sections were determined at 1100°, 1250°, 1400°, and 1500°C in a static air atmosphere. The single-phase homogeneity region was found to considerably diminish with decreasing temperature, indicating a reduction of the solid solubility of Sr and Mg, and below 1100°C the doped perovskite becomes unstable. Consequently, the cubic perovskite phase was found to exist only at elevated temperatures and for high Sr and Mg amounts. Sample preparation was performed by the mixed-oxide process as well as by a modified combustion synthesis.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ceramic samples of the melilite-type La1+xSr1–xGa3O7–δ (x=−0.15 to 0.60) compound were prepared by conventional ceramic processing. Sintering characteristics and microstructural evolution were studied. A phase diagram study was performed to establish the solid solubility limits as a function of the La:Sr ratio. Structural investigations of the Dalton composition as well as strontium- and lanthanum-rich samples entailed X-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction techniques at ambient and elevated temperatures. The homogeneity region was remarkably broad (x=−0.15 to 0.60) with no changes in space group observed. A small shrinkage of the unit cell was found with increased lanthanum content. Phase transitions at ambient and intermediate temperatures did not occur.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The metastable crystal structure of strontium- and magnesium-substituted LaGaO3 (LSGM) was studied at room and intermediate temperatures using powder X-ray diffractometry and Rietveld refinement analysis. With increased strontium and magnesium content, phase transitions were found to occur from orthorhombic (space group Pbnm) to rhombohedral (space group R[Threemacr]c) at the composition La0.825Sr0.175Ga0.825Mg0.175O2.825 and, eventually, to cubic (space group Pm[Threemacr]m) at the composition La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.8. At 500°C in air and at constant strontium and magnesium content, a phase transformation from orthorhombic (space group Pbnm) to cubic (space group Pm[Threemacr]m) was observed. For the orthorhombic modification, thermal expansion coefficients were determined to be αa,ortho = 10.81 × 10−6 K−1, αb,ortho = 9.77 × 10−6 K−1, and αc,ortho = 9.83 × 10−6 K−1 (25°–400°C), and for the cubic modification to be αcubic= 13.67 × 10−6 K−1 (500°–1000°C).
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Solid oxide fuel cell powders having a composition of La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Zn0.2O2.8 (LSGZ) were prepared by aqueous chemical precipitation in the presence of decomposing urea, followed by single-step calcination in air. In some synthesis experiments the decomposition of urea was catalyzed by the enzyme urease. The calcination behavior of the precursor powders was studied over the temperature range of 90–1300°C, in an air atmosphere. Characterization of the samples was performed by XRD, TG/DTA, FTIR, FESEM, EDS, and carbon analyses. Two tentative XRD patterns have been created for the hydroxycarbonate precursors and the product LSGZ ceramics, respectively.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Gallium oxide hydroxide (GaOOH·xH2O) single crystals were synthesized in aqueous solutions by using two different precipitation techniques: homogeneous decomposition of urea and forced hydrolysis in pure water. Precipitation of crystals started at exactly the same pH value (i.e., 2.05 at 85°C) in both cases. The morphology of crystals turned out to be quite different (zeppelin-like with urea, rodlike without urea) in each of the above methods. Calcination of these gallium oxide hydroxide crystals in air at temperatures ≥500°C transformed them into Ga2O3. Characterization of the samples was performed by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ICP, carbon, and nitrogen analyses.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ceramics of the melilite-type compound La1+xSr1−xGa3O7−δ were prepared by conventional ceramic processing. Samples prepared represented the entire homogeneity region of the phase (i.e., x=−0.15 to 0.60). Electrochemical characterization under variable temperature and atmospheric conditions in the vicinity of air entailed four-point direct-current conductivity measurements and electromotive force measurements. La1+xSr1−xGa3O7−δ samples exhibited a p-type behavior with generally increased conductivity with increased substitution of lanthanum for strontium, which reached a saturation value of ∼10−1 S·cm−1 at 950°C.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The phase relations within the system Tl2O3–BaO–CaO–CuO including Ag have been studied with emphasis on the high-temperature superconducting phases TlBa2Ca2Cu3O8.5 (1223 phase), Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10 (2223 phase), TlBa2CaCu2O6.5 (1212 phase), and Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 (2212 phase) at 890°C in an oxygen atmosphere. 1223 has been found to be in equilibrium with a liquid phase that is Tl poor. 2223 and 2212 exhibit varying Tl/(Ba + Ca) ratios. The three-phase field 1223 + 2223 + 2212 has been identified. The results of this study emphasize that multiphase samples can be prepared which consist of three superconducting phases, each exhibiting a critical temperature of 100 K or above.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The phase equilibria of the La2O3–SrO–CaO–Mn3O4 system in air at 1200°C has been studied. Under these conditions, eight univariant four-phase equilbria were observed. Quaternary phases, as well as liquid phases, were not observed. Perovskite-structure phases LaMnO3, SrMnO3, and CaMnO3 did not form complete solid solutions within the system.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Phase equilibria of the quasi-quinary system Bi3O3-PbO-SrO-CaO-CuO were studied between 650° and 900°C in air with emphasis on the high-temperature superconducting phase (Bi,Pb)2+xSr2Ca2Cu3O10+d (2223). The 2223 phase lies in equilibrium with a number of nonsuperconducting phases and also with the superconducting phase (Bi,Pb)2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (2212). The single-phase region was found to be very limited. The Pb solubility of the 2223 phase is strongly temperature dependent. The phase relations are very sensitive to variations of the cation concentration and temperature. This effect significantly influences the preparation of 2223 ceramics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ternary systems La2O3–SrO–Ga2O3, La2O3–MgO–Ga2O3, and SrO–MgO–Ga2O3 were studied at 1400°C in air, with emphasis on LaGaO3. The compound exhibited a small solid solubility of strontium substituting for lanthanum and also of magnesium substituting for gallium. In the system La2O3–SrO–Ga2O3, LaGaO3 existed only within a very narrow concentration region, whereas in the system La2O3–MgO–Ga2O3, LaGaO3 was in equilibrium with most of the phases of the system. The system SrO–MgO–Ga2O3 at 1400°C in air was characterized by an extended liquid phase at ∼1185°C.
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