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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission Filters for Visible Light (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 210 (1966), S. 513-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We report here the application of some dye solutions ae transmission filters for the visible region of the spectrum. Such dye-solution filters have the advantages that (a) they have a fairly narrow range of transmission even when used singly, (b) the transmission region, as well as the peak, can be ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/210513a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer impregnated concrete (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 341-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Methyl methacrylate styrene and acrylonitrile homopolymer as well as copolymer impregnated concrete specimens were subjected to accelerated durability tests in aqueous sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, sea water and crude oil media. The effects of such corrosive stagnant environments on compressive strength, flexural strength, strength of transverse rupture and modulus of elasticity have been studied. A durability mechanism has been proposed to account for the observed behaviour of polymer impregnated concrete.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01144742
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer impregnated concrete (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 335-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Concrete-polymer composites were prepared by impregnating sand-cement mortar with polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene and polyacrylonitrile as well as copolymers of styrene-methylmethacrylate, styrene-acrylonitrile, styrene-butyl methacrylate, styrene-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate, styrene-acrylontrile crosslinked with divinyl benzene, and polystyrene crosslinked with divinyl benzene. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength and in some cases strength of transverse rupture were studied with these polymer and copolymer impregnated concrete. The effects of water/cement ratio, sand/cement ratio, curing temperature and time, polymer loading, and nature of polymer on the compressive and flexural strengths of control concrete and polymer impregnated concrete were studied. For copolymer impregnated concrete the effects of copolymer composition and nature of comonomer pairs on the strength properties of the composite were also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01144741
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic velocities and Rao formulism in solution of polyesterimides (1980)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 2 (1980), S. 403-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Ultrasonic velocity measurements have been made in solutions of polyesterimide. It has been observed that by the application of Rao relationship and Nomoto equation, the ultrasonic velocity and density measurement can give useful information about the structural parameters of the copolymers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064371
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New block copolymers. 1. Synthesis and characterization of an (a-b)n type block copolymer (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 134 (1985), S. 113-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein neues Copolymeres vom Typ (A-B)n wurde durch Polykondensation eines säurechlorid-terminierten Polyethylenterephthalats mit einem amin-terminierten Butadien-Acrylnitril-Kautschuk (ATBN) erhalten. Das säurechlorid-terminierte Polyethylenterephthalat wurde durch Reaktion von Terephthaloylchlorid mit Ethylenglykol in N,N-Dimethylformamid als Lösungsmittel hergestellt. Das erhaltene Polymere wurde durch Stickstoffanalyse, IR- und NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. Löslichkeitsparamter, Lösungsviskosität, Kristallinität und Phasencharakteristika des Polymeren wurden untersucht.
    Notes: A new (A-B)n type block copolymer has been synthesized by polycondensation of acidchloride terminated poly(ethylene-terephthalate) with amine-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (ATBN). The acid chloride terminated poly(ethylene-terephthalate) was synthesized by reacting terephthaloyl chloride with ethylene glycol using N,N-dimethyl formamide as the solvent. The resulting polymer was characterized by nitrogen analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopy. The solubility characteristics, solution viscosity behaviour, crystallinity, and phase characteristics of the polymer have been studied.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1985.051340108
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a polyimide resin matrix for composites (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 141 (1986), S. 31-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Niedermolekulare Polyimide mit sechs verschiedenen Zusammensetzungen, die zwei Maleimidendgruppen bzw. eine Maleimidendgruppe und eine Aminoendgruppe enthielten, wurden durch Reaktion von Benzophenontetracarbonsäureanhydrid, Hexamethylendiamin und Maleinsäureanhydrid hergestellt. Diese niedermolekularen reaktiven Imidopräpolymeren wurden mit Hilfe von IR-Spektren, 1H-NMR-Spektren, Elementaranalysen, dampfdruckosmometrischen Messungen, Dichte- und Viskositätsmessungen (0,5 g/dl in NMP) sowie röntgengraphischen Analysenmethoden charaktierisiert. Mit Hilfe dieser Harze wurden mit Kohlenstoffgewebe verstärkte Schichtpreßstoffe durch Heißpreßverfahren hergestellt. Die Laminate wurden durch ihre Biegefestigkeit, ihre interlaminare Scherfestigkeit, Dichte, Hohlraumgehalt und Faseranteil charakterisiert. Untersuchungen zur Optimierung des mechanischen und thermischen Verhaltens dieser Werkstoffe wurden ebenfalls durchgeführt.
    Notes: The low molecular weight polyimides (PI) end-capped with bismaleimide or amine terminated monomaleimide of six different compositions were synthesized by reacting benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, hexamethylene diamine, and maleic anhydride. These low molecular weight reactive imide prepolymers were characterized by infra-red spectra, 1H-NMR, elemental analysis, vapour pressure osmometry (VPO) technique, solution viscosity (0.5 g/dl in NMP), density and X-ray measurements. With these resins carbon cloth reinforced laminates were fabricated by the hot press moulding method. These laminates were evaluated by their flexural strength, interlaminar shear strength, density, void content, and fibre content. Optimization studies in mechanical and thermal behaviour of such composites were also carried out.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1986.051410104
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Halogenation of polymers by dichlorodifluoromethane (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1991), S. 27-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Fluorierung von Polyethylen und Polyvinylalkohol wurde mit Dichlordifluormethan CCl2F2 (Freon 12) unter Verwendung von Cobalt-60 γ-Strahlung bzw. elektrischer Lichtbogenentladung durchgeführt und der Einfluß von Reaktionstemperatur und -zeit, Katalysator, Verdünnung etc. untersucht. Dabei wurde bei Polyethylen sowohl die Fluorierung als auch die gleichzeitige Chlorierung beobachtet, wobei der Anteil an Fluorierung bei elektrischer Lichtbogenentladung gewöhnlich höher war als bei Verwendung von γ-Strahlung; in beiden Fällen war dennoch die Chlorierung deutlich bevorzugt. Bei Polyvinylalkohol konnten noch höhere Fluorierungs-bzw. Chlorierungsgrade ermittelt werden.
    Notes: Fluorination of polyethylene and polyvinyl alcohol was carried out by dichloro-difluoromethane under cobalt-60 gamma radiation and under electric spark discharge. The effect of temperature, reaction time, catalyst, inert diluent etc. was studied. Simultaneous chlorination of the polymer samples was observed along with fluorination. The extent of fluorination under electric spark discharge is usually higher than that under gamma radiation. Again, the extent of chlorination is higher than that of fluorination in both the cases. The extent of fluorination as well as chlorination is the highest in case of polyvinyl alcohol.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1991.051880103
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of a new polyesterimidePML Communication No. 3. (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 86 (1980), S. 181-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein Polyesterimid wurde durch Reaktion von 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylmethan mit Trimellithsaureanhydrid in Ethylenglykol hergestellt. Letzteres dient sowohl der Veresterung als auch als Lösungsmittel. Die Löslichkeit, das thermische Verhalten und einige andere Eigenschaften wurden studiert. Es wurde gefunden, daß das Polymere in hochpolaren Lösungsmitteln löslich und die Polymerlösung stabil ist. Thermogravimetrische Daten zeigten, daß das Polymere bei 300°C in Luft nur 10% Gewichtsverlust erleidet.
    Notes: A polyesterimide was prepared by reacting 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane with trimellitic acid anhydride in ethylene glycol, which acts as an esterification reagent as well as a solvent. The solution and thermal behaviour, and a few other properties were studied. The polymer was found to be soluble in highly polar solvents. The polymer solution was stable. Thermogravimetric data revealed that the polymer underwent only 10% weight loss in air at 300°C.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1980.050860113
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymers from renewable resources, part 7. Synthesis and properties of polyamideimide from rosin-maleic anhydride adduct (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 122 (1984), S. 153-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein Polymamidimid wurde aus einem Kolophonium-Maleinsäureanhydrid-Addukt auf drei verschiedenen Wegen hergestellt. Das Kolophonium-Maleinsäureanhydrid-Addukt wurde mit Hexamethylendiamin kondensiert und eine Aminosäure erhalten. Diese Aminosäure wurde zu Polyamidimid polymerisiert, entweder durch Schmelzkondensation oder durch Reaktion mit Thionylchlorid bei Raumtemperatur. Polyamidimid aus Kolophonium kann auch durch Reaktion des Säurechlorids des Kolophonium-Maleinsäureanhydrids mit Hexamethylendiamin hergestellt werden. Das Polymer wurde durch IR- und Elementaranalyse charakterisiert. Es war nur in hochpolaren Lösungsmitteln wie Dimethylformamid, Dimethylsulfoxid, m-Kresol etc. löslich. Die thermische Stabilität des Polymeren wurdē ebenfalls untersucht.
    Notes: A polyamideimide was synthesized from a rosin-maleic anhydride adduct in three different ways. The rosin maleic anhydride adduct was condensed with hexamethylenediamine to obtain an amino acid. This amino acid was polymerized either by melt condensation technique or by reacting with thionyl chloride at ambient temperatures to produce a polyamideimide. Polyamideimide from rosin may also be prepared by reacting acid chloride of rosin-maleic anhydride with hexamethylenediamine. The polymer was characterized by IR and elemental analysis. The polymer was found to be soluble only in highly polar solvents such as dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, m-cresol etc. The thermal stability of the polymer has been studied.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1984.051220116
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unsaturated polyamides. Studies on synthesis, properties, and crosslinking (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 116 (1983), S. 175-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurden einige ungesättigte Polyamide durch mit Thionylchlorid aktivierte Niedertemperatur-Polykondensation und Lösungspolymerisation von Fumar-, Adipin-, Isophthal- und Terephthalsäure oder ihrer Disäurechloridderivate mit 1,5-Bis-(3-aminophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-on hergestellt. Die Polymeren wurden durch Stickstoffanalyse und IR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. Es wurden die Lösungs-, thermischen- und elektrischen Eigenschaften dieser Polymeren untersucht. Die Löslichkeitsparameter dieser Polymeren wurden nach Small aus den Gruppeninkrementen berechnet und stimmen gut mit den experimentellen Werten überein. Die Polymeren gingen eine Vernetzungsreaktion ein, wenn sie allein oder vorzugsweise in Gegenwart eines geeigneten Katalysators mit freien Radikalen erhitzt wurden. Die vernetzten Polymeren waren unlöslich in polaren Losungsmitteln und besaßen hohere thermische Stabilitat gegenuber den urspriinglichen Polymeren. Das Quellungsverhalten der Polymeren wurde im Detail untersucht, und das Molekulargewicht zwischen zwei Vernetzungspunkten wurde ermittelt. Über Röntgenbeugung und dielektrische Eigenschaften der vernetzten Polymeren wird auch berichtet.
    Notes: A few unsaturated polyamides were prepared by thionyl chloride activated low temperature polycondensation and solution polymerization of fumaric, adipic, isophthalic, and terephthalic acid or their diacid chloride derivatives with 1,5-bis-(3-aminophenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one. The polymers were characterized by nitrogen analysis and IR spectroscopy. The solution, thermal, and electrical properties of the polymers were studied. The polymers were found to be soluble in polar solvents. The solubility parameter of the polymers were calculated from Small's group contributions which agreed well with the experimental values. The polymers readily underwent crosslinking reaction when heated alone or preferably in the presence of a suitable free radical catalyst. The crosslinked polymers were found to be insoluble in polar solvents and possessed higher thermal stability compared with the virgin polymers. The swelling behaviour of the polymers were studied in detail and the molecular weight between two crosslinked junctions were also found out. X-ray diffraction and dielectric properties of the crosslinked polymers were also reported.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1983.051160114
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