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  • 1
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: H2 production over dye-sensitized Pt/TiO2 nanoparticles with mesostructures undervisible light was investigated by using methanol as electron donors. Three types of Ru(II) bipyridylcomplexes, which can be attached to Pt/m-TiO2 with different linkage modes, show differentphotosensitization. The dye tightly linked with m-TiO2 has better durability but the lowest H2evolution efficiency, whereas the loosely attached dyes possess higher H2 evolution efficiency andpreferable durability. It seems that the dynamic equilibrium between the linkage of ground state dyewith TiO2 and the divorce of oxidization state dye from the surfaces plays a crucial role in thephotochemical behavior during photocatalyst sensitization process. The binuclear Ru(II) shows abetter photosensitization in comparison with mono- nuclear Ru(II) dyes due to its large conjugationsystem and “antenna effect”, which, in turn, improve the visible light harvesting and electrontransfer between the dye and TiO2
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 42 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The major surface glycoprotein (MSG) of Pneumocystis carinii, a pathogen responsible for pulmonary infection in AIDS and other immunocompromised patients, is an abundant surface protein that potentially allows the organism to evade host defences by antigenic variation. MSG is encoded by a multicopy gene family; in two specific forms of rat-derived P. carinii, regulation of MSG expression uses a single expression site, termed the upstream conserved sequence (UCS), through two related but distinct mechanisms. In the current study, the UCS of the MSG from human-derived P. carinii was obtained using an RNA ligase-mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that the UCS was present in a single copy per genome, whereas multiple copies of the downstream MSG gene were present. Sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products amplified from pulmonary samples of patients with P. carinii pneumonia demonstrated that multiple MSG genes were expressed in a given host, and that different patterns of MSG expression were seen among different patients. Tandem repeats present in the single intron occurred with varying frequency in different patient isolates, potentially providing a new method for typing human isolates. Thus, human-derived P. carinii regulates MSG expression in a manner similar to P. carinii f. sp. carinii and, in immunosuppressed patients, in whom immune pressures that probably drive antigenic variation are functioning inadequately, P. carinii can express a broad repertoire of MSG variants.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 785 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The composite structure of the mammalian skull, which forms predominantly via intramembranous ossification, requires precise pre- and post-natal growth regulation of individual calvarial elements. Disturbances of this process frequently cause severe clinical manifestations in humans. Enhanced ...
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: optically active polymers ; gel permeation chromatography ; laser light scattering ; GPC calibration ; rodlike conformation ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: By combining the offline static and dynamic laser light scattering (LLS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) results of a broadly distributed polymer sample, we were able to characterize a series of chiral binaphthyl-based polyarylenes and poly(aryleneethnylene)s in THF at 25°C. For each of the samples, we obtained not only the weight-average molar mass Mw, the second virial coefficient A2 and the z-average translational diffusion coefficient 〈D〉, but also two calibrations: V = A + Blog(M) and D = kD M-αD, where V, D, and M are the elution volume, the translational diffusion coefficient and the molar mass for monodisperse polymer chains, respectively, and A, B, kD, and αD are four calibration constants. Using these calibrations, we estimated the molar mass distributions of these novel polymers. We showed that using polystyrene to calibrate the GPC columns could lead to a smaller Mw. Our results indicate that all the polymers studied have a rigid chain conformation in THF at 25°C and the introduction of the  - NO2 groups into the monomer can greatly promote the polymer solubility in THF.© 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. 36: 2615-2622, 1998
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 21 (1981), S. 117-123 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the development and evaluation of temperature-compensated resistance strain gages for use to 700°C (1292°F). These gages included single-element gage and double-element gages. The filament of single-element gages was fabricated from specially developed Fe−Cr−Al−V−Ti−Y alloy wire. When bonded to high-temperature Ni-based alloy GH30, the apparent strain from room temperature to 700°C was less than 1800 μm/m. Active grids of double-element gages were fabricated from specially developed Pt−W−Re−Ni alloy wire and Pt-W9.5 wire. The compensating elements were fabricated from Pt−Ir20 alloy wire. When bonded to different high-temperature alloys, by proper adjustment of the ballast resistor in series with the low-resistance Pt−Ir element, apparent strain in the related temperature range was less than 1000 μm/m. Equations to compute the allowable deviation of resistance of compensating element and of ballast resistor for the purpose of attainment of certain measurement accuracy were derived. This paper should be of particular interest to those involved in strain measurement at temperatures to 700°C.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 199 (1998), S. 2395-2401 
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A chiral binaphthyl monomer (R)-9a that contains a terminal alkyne and an aryl iodide function has been synthesized. Homopolymerization of (R)-9a in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4/Cul catalysts leads to the formation of polymer (R)-6. This polymer represents a new type of chiral conjugated materials with the dipole units oriented into one direction along the rigid polymer chain. Materials of this structure may have interesting nonlinear optical properties. (R)-6 is soluble in common organic solvents. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis shows Mw = 34000 and Mn = 17000 (polydispersity index PDI = 1.97). Its specific optical rotation is [α]D = -197.6 (c = 0.16, CH2Cl2). At lower concentration of (R)-9a, self-coupling produces a series of multipolar chiral macrocycles.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-09-09
    Description: Failure of embryo implantation accounts for a significant percentage of female infertility. Exquisitely coordinated molecular programs govern the interaction between the competent blastocyst and the receptive uterus. Decidualization, the rapid proliferation and differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells, is required for implantation. Decidualization defects can cause poor placentation, intrauterine growth restriction, and early parturition leading to preterm birth. Decidualization has not yet been systematically studied at the genetic level due to the lack of a suitable high-throughput screening tool. Herein we describe the generation of an immortalized human endometrial stromal cell line that uses yellow fluorescent protein under the control of the prolactin promoter as a quantifiable visual readout of the decidualization response (hESC-PRLY cells). Using this cell line, we performed a genome-wide siRNA library screen, as well as a screen of 910 small molecules, to identify more than 4,000 previously unrecognized genetic and chemical modulators of decidualization. Ontology analysis revealed several groups of decidualization modulators, including many previously unappreciated transcription factors, sensory receptors, growth factors, and kinases. Expression studies of hits revealed that the majority of decidualization modulators are acutely sensitive to ovarian hormone exposure. Gradient treatment of exogenous factors was used to identify EC50 values of small-molecule hits, as well as verify several growth factor hits identified by the siRNA screen. The high-throughput decidualization reporter cell line and the findings described herein will aid in the development of patient-specific treatments for decidualization-based recurrent pregnancy loss, subfertility, and infertility.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-09-21
    Description: Constitutive resistance to cell death induced by inflammatory stimuli activating the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis is a key feature of vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Although this property is central to the maintenance of the endothelial barrier during inflammation, the molecular mechanisms of EC protection from cell-extrinsic, proapoptotic stimuli have not been investigated. We show that the Ig-family member CD31, which is expressed by endothelial but not epithelial cells, is necessary to prevent EC death induced by TNF-α and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro. Combined quantitative RT-PCR array and biochemical analysis show that, upon the engagement of the TNF receptor with TNF-α on ECs, CD31 becomes activated and, in turn, counteracts the proapoptotic transcriptional program induced by TNF-α via activation of the Erk/Akt pathway. Specifically, Akt activation by CD31 signals prevents the localization of the forkhead transcription factor FoxO3 to the nucleus, thus inhibiting transcription of the proapoptotic genes CD95/Fas and caspase 7 and de-repressing the expression of the antiapoptotic gene cFlar. Both CD31 intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs are required for its prosurvival function. In vivo, CD31 gene transfer is sufficient to recapitulate the cytoprotective mechanisms in CD31− pancreatic β cells, which become resistant to immune-mediated rejection when grafted in fully allogeneic recipients.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2015-11-23
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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