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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH-FREQUENCY SEISMIC SOURCE FOR USE IN BOREHOLES (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 37 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A borehole sparker seismic source enclosed in a semi-flexible tube has been developed to produce a short compressional seismic pulse with a frequency content in the range 250 Hz to 3.5 kHz with a peak power at 570 Hz. The pulse shape and frequency content are shown to be a function of the input power, the diameter of the spark chamber, the salinity of the electrolyte, the material of the spark chamber and the electrode configuration. When in a borehole, the source produces a vertically polarized shear wave but, being similar to a small explosive charge does not allow phase reversal as a means of identifying the shear wave in the received pulse train. The source is shown to be ideal for tomographic imaging surveys because of its repetitive nature, high frequency content and reliability. Very high resolution seismic reflection surveys are also shown to be possible under favourable circumstances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1989.tb01820.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEISMIC SOURCES FOR SHALLOW REFLECTION SURVEYING (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 33 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A standard seismic reflection profile was shot along a disused railway track at Onley, near Rugby, U. K. Four different seismic sources including explosives, the propane/oxygen gas-gun, the Bolt airgun, and the borehole sparker were used and compared with each other in terms of output energy, penetration and resolution. The results indicated that the resolution of the borehole airgun and the gas-gun was slightly higher than that possible with gelignite. Both these sources had an output energy which was equivalent to 30 g of gelignite.The borehole sparker was only useful for obtaining seismic information on the nearsurface weathered layer, since its output power (1 kJ) was very limited. However, McCann and McCann (1982) used a high-power sparker source (14 kJ) on the nearby Grand Union Canal for a wide angle seismic reflection survey and achieved a maximum penetration of 250 m, which is comparable with the results obtained on land with the seismic sources mentioned above.The seismic reflection profile, which was interpreted in the light of borehole information in the area and the results of McCann and McCann (1982), successfully identified the surface of the Palaeozoic rocks. The problem of detecting the presence of thin, high-velocity layers in a seismic refraction survey without the availability of other information to calibrate the seismic section is also highlighted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1985.tb00790.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTER-BOREHOLE ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR USE IN ENGINEERING GEOLOGY (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 23 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Well–to-well seismic measurements are adapted to civil engineering problems by use of a sparker as a source of seismic signals and an 80 kHz hydrophone as a receiver. For display a Tektronix 549 oscilloscope is used.Field application shows that the delineation of interfaces between homogeneous strata and the detection and delineation of localized and irregular features is possible from inter-well travel times. In-situ measurement of the compressional wave velocity in a medium is often complicated by refraction and wave guide effects. The degree of fracturing cannot be estimated from travel time measurements alone in a tightly jointed, saturated, rock mass, but it may be possible to correlate variations in pulse shape and length with this parameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1975.tb00680.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seismic Reflexion Surveying from Inland Waterways (1969)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 223 (1969), S. 293-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1. Grand Union Canal between Banbury Lane and Blisworth Tunnel Entrance. (From Sheets SP 75, SP 65 of the Ordnance Survey 1 : 25,000, Provisional Edition, by permission of the Director General.) An Edgerton 3-element "Sparkarray" was modified to operate in fresh water. An aluminium electrode ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/223293a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1991)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 12 (1991), S. iii 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01961107
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic reflectors in the surface layers of deep sea sediments (1972)
    Springer
    Marine geophysical researches 1 (1972), S. 362-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0581
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using ultrasonic scanning it is possible to display the position of an acoustic discontinuity within a sediment core and the amplitude of the reflected signal which results from it. From these results it has been possible to examine the effect of variations in the geotechnical properties on the reflection of compressional waves at normal incidence within the core at a frequency of 100 kHz. The occurrence of acoustic reflectors in the surface layers of North Atlantic sediments has also been examined. Two ultrasonic scanning systems for the non-destructive testing of marine sediment cores have been developed. The performance of the two systems has been evaluated using the results from measurements made on a suite of marine sediment cores from the North Atlantic in conjunction with X-ray scanning and geological analysis of the same cores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286739
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  • 7
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    Geophysical investigations of the thermal springs of Bath, England (2002)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 193: 41-52.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-01
    Description: The origin of the thermal springs of Bath (England) remains unknown. As part of a programme of research into the structure of the thermal aquifer, the Carboniferous Limestone, an urban reflection seismic survey has been carried out to explore the deep geology of the Bath area. Existing gravity data have been used to provisionally identify the seismic reflectors and to map the depth of the (interpreted) Carboniferous Limestone in the area around the springs. The new seismic data show that at a distance of 2.1 km south-west of the springs, the depth of the (interpreted) Carboniferous Limestone surface increases from 0.4 km below Ordnance Datum (OD) to 1.35 km below OD within a distance of 1.8 km, an average apparent dip of nearly 30 degrees. In all other directions from the springs, the Carboniferous Limestone surface is at a depth of 300 m or less below OD. The work described in this paper is part of a continuing research programme.
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  • 8
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    Insights into the origin of the thermal springs of Bath and Bristol, England, from geophysical data (2013)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-21
    Description: The thermal springs of Bath, England, produce 1.25 Ml day –1 of water at 46.5 °C. The spring at Hotwells, Bristol, England, 15 km to the west, is estimated to produce between 0.17 and 0.39 Ml day –1 of water at a temperature between 22.8 and 24.4 °C. Published research suggests that the waters originate in the Mendip Hills, SW of Bath and Bristol, and are heated by geothermal energy within the Carboniferous Limestone basin (‘The Mendips Model’). The exact paths of the waters to the springs have not been established. We interpreted seismic reflection data for the urban district of Bath and for the Radstock Basin to the south of Bath. By combining the geophysical interpretations with published geological data we have established a potential route through the Carboniferous Limestone reaching sufficient depths for the waters to attain the required temperatures. We imaged a steeply dipping, fractured region of Carboniferous Limestone coincident with the valley of the River Avon and propose that this is the feature by which the thermal waters can rise rapidly to the surface, providing an explanation for the existence of these unique springs. We have incorporated these new aspects of the Mendip Model into the ‘Mendip–Avon Fracture Zone Model’.
    Print ISSN: 1470-9236
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 9
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    Acoustic reflectors in the surface layers of deep sea sediments (1972)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0025-3235
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0581
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Determination of the Absolute Configuration of [32](1,4)Barrelenophanedicarbonitrile Using Concerted Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Calculations of Optical Rotation and Electronic Circular Dichroism (2004)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0002-7863
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5126
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society
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