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Recovery of an isolated coral reef system following severe disturbance (2013)

J. P. Gilmour ; L. D. Smith ; A. J. Heyward ; [et al.]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 340(6128): 69-71. doi: 10.1126/science.1232310.

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Publication Date: 2013-04-06

Description: Coral reef recovery from major disturbance is hypothesized to depend on the arrival of propagules from nearby undisturbed reefs. Therefore, reefs isolated by distance or current patterns are thought to be highly vulnerable to catastrophic disturbance. We found that on an isolated reef system in north Western Australia, coral cover increased from 9% to 44% within 12 years of a coral bleaching event, despite a 94% reduction in larval supply for 6 years after the bleaching. The initial increase in coral cover was the result of high rates of growth and survival of remnant colonies, followed by a rapid increase in juvenile recruitment as colonies matured. We show that isolated reefs can recover from major disturbance, and that the benefits of their isolation from chronic anthropogenic pressures can outweigh the costs of limited connectivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilmour, James P -- Smith, Luke D -- Heyward, Andrew J -- Baird, Andrew H -- Pratchett, Morgan S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Apr 5;340(6128):69-71. doi: 10.1126/science.1232310.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Australian Institute of Marine Science, University of Western Australia Oceans Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. j.gilmour@aims.gov.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23559247" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Keywords: Animals ; Anthozoa/*growth & development ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Coral Reefs ; Reproduction ; Temperature ; Western Australia

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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Increasing ocean temperatures reduce activity patterns of a large commercially important coral reef fish (2013)

J. L. Johansen, V. Messmer, D. J. Coker, A. S. Hoey, M. S. Pratchett

Wiley

In: Global Change Biology

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Publication Date: 2013-11-27

Description: Large-bodied fish are critical for sustaining coral reef fisheries, but little is known about the vulnerability of these fish to global warming. This study examined the effects of elevated temperatures on the movement and activity patterns of the common coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae), which is an important fishery species in tropical Australia and throughout the Indo West-Pacific. Adult fish were collected from two locations on Australia's Great Barrier Reef (23°S and 14°S) and maintained at one of four temperatures (24, 27, 30, 33 °C). Following 〉4 weeks acclimation, the spontaneous swimming speeds and activity patterns of individuals were recorded over a period of 12 days. At 24–27 °C, spontaneous swimming speeds of common coral trout were 0.43–0.45 body lengths per second (bls −1 ), but dropped sharply to 0.29 bls −1 at 30 °C and 0.25 bls −1 at 33 °C. Concurrently, individuals spent 9.3–10.6% of their time resting motionless on the bottom at 24–27 °C, but this behaviour increased to 14.0% at 30 °C and 20.0% of the time at 33 °C (mean ± SE). The impact of temperature was greatest for smaller individuals (〈45 cm TL), showing significant changes to swimming speeds across every temperature tested, while medium (45–55 cm TL) and large individuals (〉55 cm TL) were first affected by 30 °C and 33 °C, respectively. Importantly, there was some indication that populations can adapt to elevated temperature if presented with adequate time, as the high-latitude population decreased significantly in swimming speeds at both 30 °C and 33 °C, while the low-latitude population only showed significant reductions at 33 °C. Given that movement and activity patterns of large mobile species are directly related to prey encounter rates, ability to capture prey and avoid predators, any reductions in activity patterns are likely to reduce overall foraging and energy intake, limit the energy available for growth and reproduction, and affect the fitness and survival of individuals and populations.

Print ISSN: 1354-1013

Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486

Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography

Published by Wiley

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Elevated CO2 affects the behavior of an ecologically and economically important coral reef fish (2013)

Munday, Philip L ; Pratchett, M S ; Dixson, Danielle L ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Munday, Philip L; Pratchett, M S; Dixson, Danielle L; Donelson, Jennifer M; Endo, Geoff G K; Reynolds, Adam D; Knuckey, Richard (2013): Elevated CO2 affects the behavior of an ecologically and economically important coral reef fish. Marine Biology, 160(8), 2137-2144, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-2111-6

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: We tested the effect of near-future CO2 levels (= 490, 570, 700, and 960 µatm CO2) on the olfactory responses and activity levels of juvenile coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus, a piscivorous reef fish that is also one of the most important fisheries species on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Juvenile coral trout reared for 4 weeks at 570 µatm CO2 exhibited similar sensory responses and behaviors to juveniles reared at 490 µatm CO2 (control). In contrast, juveniles reared at 700 and 960 µatm CO2 exhibited dramatically altered sensory function and behaviors. At these higher CO2 concentrations, juveniles became attracted to the odor of potential predators, as has been observed in other reef fishes. They were more active, spent less time in shelter, ventured further from shelter, and were bolder than fish reared at 490 or 570 µatm CO2. These results demonstrate that behavioral impairment of coral trout is unlikely if pCO2 remains below 600 µatm; however, at higher levels, there are significant impacts on juvenile performance that are likely to affect survival and energy budgets, with consequences for predator-prey interactions and commercial fisheries.

Keywords: Activity, standard error; Activity description; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Behaviour; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Distance from shelter; Distance from shelter, standard error; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Incubation duration; Infrared gas analyzer (LI-COR); Laboratory experiment; Nekton; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard error; Plectropomus leopardus; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Proportion of time; Proportion of time, standard error; Salinity; Single species; South Pacific; Species; Temperature, water; Time, standard error; Time in seconds; Treatment; Tropical

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 314 data points

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Seawater carbonate chemistry and biological processes during experiments with clownfish Amphiprion percula, 2009 (2009)

Munday, Philip L ; Dixson, Danielle L ; Donelson, Jennifer M ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Munday, Philip L; Dixson, Danielle L; Donelson, Jennifer M; Jones, G P; Pratchett, M S; Devitsina, G V; Doving, K B (2009): Ocean acidification impairs olfactory discrimination and homing ability of a marine fish. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(6), 1848-1852, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0809996106

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: The persistence of most coastal marine species depends on larvae finding suitable adult habitat at the end of an offshore dispersive stage that can last weeks or months. We tested the effects that ocean acidification from elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) could have on the ability of larvae to detect olfactory cues from adult habitats. Larval clownfish reared in control seawater (pH 8.15) discriminated between a range of cues that could help them locate reef habitat and suitable settlement sites. This discriminatory ability was disrupted when larvae were reared in conditions simulating CO2-induced ocean acidification. Larvae became strongly attracted to olfactory stimuli they normally avoided when reared at levels of ocean pH that could occur ca. 2100 (pH 7.8) and they no longer responded to any olfactory cues when reared at pH levels (pH 7.6) that might be attained later next century on a business-as-usual carbon-dioxide emissions trajectory. If acidification continues unabated, the impairment of sensory ability will reduce population sustainability of many marine species, with potentially profound consequences for marine diversity.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Amphiprion percula; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Behaviour; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated by titration using APHA-AWWA-WEF method. Radiometer pH/Tritrator; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); EPOCA; Estimated; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nekton; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oxygen, gas; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH meter (TPS WP80); Salinity; see Munday et al. (2009); Single species; Temperature, water; Time; WTW Oxi 340i probe

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 70 data points

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Electronic Resource

Patterns of recruitment and abundance of corals along the Great Barrier Reef (1999)

Baird, A. H. ; Dinsdale, E. A. ; Moltschaniwskyj, N. A. ; [et al.]

[s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.

Nature 397 (1999), S. 59-63

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ISSN: 1476-4687

Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Notes: [Auszug] Different physical and biological processes prevail at different scales. As a consequence, small-scale experiments or local observations provide limited insights into regional or global phenomena. One solution is to incorporate spatial scale explicitly into the experimental and sampling ...

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/16237

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