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  • 1
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    Symbiont recognition and subsequent morphogenesis as early events in an animal-bacterial mutualism (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-12-06
    Description: Bacterial colonization of the developing light organ of the squid Euprymna scolopes is shown to be highly specific, with the establishment of a successful association resulting only when the juvenile host is exposed to seawater containing one of a subset of Vibrio fischeri strains. Before a symbiotic infection the organ has elaborate epithelial structures covered with cilia and microvilli that are involved in the transfer of bacteria to the incipient symbiotic tissue. These structures regressed within days following infection; however, they were retained in uninfected animals, suggesting that the initiation of symbiosis influences, and is perhaps a prerequisite for, the normal developmental program of the juvenile host.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McFall-Ngai, M J -- Ruby, E G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Dec 6;254(5037):1491-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-0371.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1962208" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Decapodiformes/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*microbiology ; Luminescence ; *Symbiosis ; Vibrio/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Reflectins: the unusual proteins of squid reflective tissues (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-13
    Description: A family of unusual proteins is deposited in flat, structural platelets in reflective tissues of the squid Euprymna scolopes. These proteins, which we have named reflectins, are encoded by at least six genes in three subfamilies and have no reported homologs outside of squids. Reflectins possess five repeating domains, which are highly conserved among members of the family. The proteins have a very unusual composition, with four relatively rare residues (tyrosine, methionine, arginine, and tryptophan) comprising approximately 57% of a reflectin, and several common residues (alanine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine) occurring in none of the family members. These protein-based reflectors in squids provide a marked example of nanofabrication in animal systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crookes, Wendy J -- Ding, Lin-Lin -- Huang, Qing Ling -- Kimbell, Jennifer R -- Horwitz, Joseph -- McFall-Ngai, Margaret J -- NEI R01 EY3897/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 A150661/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jan 9;303(5655):235-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Kewalo Marine Laboratory, Pacific Biomedical Research Center, University of Hawaii-Manoa, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14716016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/analysis ; Animals ; DNA, Complementary ; Decapodiformes/anatomy & histology/*chemistry/genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Immunoblotting ; Immunohistochemistry ; *Light ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/*analysis/*chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification ; Sequence Alignment ; Solubility
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Microbial factor-mediated development in a host-bacterial mutualism (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-11-13
    Description: Tracheal cytotoxin (TCT), a fragment of the bacterial surface molecule peptidoglycan (PGN), is the factor responsible for the extensive tissue damage characteristic of whooping cough and gonorrhea infections. Here, we report that Vibrio fischeri also releases TCT, which acts in synergy with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger tissue development in its mutualistic symbiosis with the squid Euprymna scolopes. As components of PGN and LPS have commonly been linked with pathogenesis in animals, these findings demonstrate that host interpretation of these bacterial signal molecules is context dependent. Therefore, such differences in interpretation can lead to either inflammation and disease or to the establishment of a mutually beneficial animal-microbe association.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koropatnick, Tanya A -- Engle, Jacquelyn T -- Apicella, Michael A -- Stabb, Eric V -- Goldman, William E -- McFall-Ngai, Margaret J -- NCRR12294/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI50661/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Nov 12;306(5699):1186-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pacific Biomedical Research Center, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15539604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aliivibrio fischeri/growth & development/metabolism/*physiology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism/pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytotoxins/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Decapodiformes/cytology/*growth & development/*microbiology ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/physiology ; Epithelium/microbiology/physiology ; Hemocytes/physiology ; Lipopolysaccharides/*metabolism ; Morphogenesis ; Peptidoglycan/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    MICROBIOME. A unified initiative to harness Earth's microbiomes (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alivisatos, A P -- Blaser, M J -- Brodie, E L -- Chun, M -- Dangl, J L -- Donohue, T J -- Dorrestein, P C -- Gilbert, J A -- Green, J L -- Jansson, J K -- Knight, R -- Maxon, M E -- McFall-Ngai, M J -- Miller, J F -- Pollard, K S -- Ruby, E G -- Taha, S A -- Unified Microbiome Initiative Consortium -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 30;350(6260):507-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aac8480. Epub 2015 Oct 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉See the supplementary materials for authors' affiliations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26511287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Earth (Planet) ; Ecosystem ; Interdisciplinary Studies ; *Microbiota ; Oceans and Seas ; Seawater/microbiology ; *Soil Microbiology ; *Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of apoptosis by cooperative bacteria in the morphogenesis of host epithelial tissues (1998)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 208 (1998), S. 295-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Euprymna scolopes ; Vibrio fischeri ; Apoptosis ; Symbiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Associations with pathogenic bacteria have recently been shown to initiate apoptotic programs in the cells of their animal hosts, where host cell death is hypothesized to be a response of the immune system, either initiated as a mechanism of host defense or bacterial offense. In this study, we present evidence that bacterial initiation of apoptosis is neither restricted to pathogenesis nor to the initation of an immune response. In the cooperative association between the sepiolid squid Euprymna scolopes and the luminous bacterium Vibrio fischeri, the bacteria induce a dramatic morphogenesis of the host tissues during the first few days of interaction between these partners. The most striking change is the bacteria-triggered loss of an extensive superficial epithelium that potentiates the infection process. Our analyses of these tissues revealed that the bacteria induce apoptosis in the cells that comprise this epithelium within hours of the interaction with bacteria. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that after 24 h the integrity of the epithelium had been lost, i.e., the basement membrane had degenerated and the majority of the cells exhibited signs of apoptosis, most notably chromatin condensation. Analysis of these tissues with probes that reveal intracellular acidification showed that the cells first undergo an initial acidification beginning about 6–8 h after exposure to V. fischeri. As determined by end-labeling of DNA fragments, extensive endonuclease activity was detected at approximately 16–20 h post-infection. These data provide evidence that cooperative bacteria can participate in the remodeling of host tissues through the induction of host apoptotic programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050185
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three new modes of luminescence in the leiognathid fish Gazza minuta: Discrete projected luminescence, ventral body flash, and buccal luminescence (1983)
    Springer
    Marine biology 73 (1983), S. 227-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three new modes of luminescence are described for Gazza minuta (Bloch) (Perciformes: Leiognathidae) as observed in specimens collected in the Philippines in April and May, 1982: discrete projected luminescence (DPL), ventral body flash, and buccal luminescence. DPL sharply contrasts with previously reported modes of diffuse luminescence in leiognathids (counterillumination and opercular flash) in being a pair of bright collimated beams of light emanating from the fish in an anteroventral direction. The brightness, coherence, directionality, and control of DPL suggest striking similarities to luminescence in anomalopid (flashlight) and monocentrid (pinecone) fishes and perhaps in certain apogonids (cardinalfishes). The structural correlate for DPL is a small clear patch of skin lying at the posterior margin of each opercular cavity. Luminescence from the internally located light organ traverses transparent bone and translucent muscle before passing through the clear skin of the patch area. Behavioral and anatomical observations of ventral body flash and buccal luminescence are also presented. These new modes of luminescence indicate a much greater than expected diversity of luminescent behaviors in leiognathids, perhaps greater than that of any other organism yet studied. The internal location of the light organ is recognised as providing the potential for this diversity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392247
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiation and Control of the Bioluminescent Symbiosis between Photobacterium leiognathi and Leiognathid Fish (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 503 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb40614.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioluminescence in the symbiotic squid Euprymna scolopes is controlled by a daily biological rhythm (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 179 (1996), S. 65-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Biological rhythm ; Bioluminescence ; Symbiosis ; Vibrio fischeri ; Euprymna scolopes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In most symbioses between animals and luminous bacteria it has been assumed that the bacterial symbionts luminesce continuously, and that the control of luminescent output by the animal is mediated through elaborate accessory structures, such as chromatophores and muscular shutters that surround the host light organ. However, we have found that while in the light organ of the sepiolid squid Euprymna scolopes, symbiotic cells of Vibrio fischeri do not produce a continuously uniform level of luminescence, but instead exhibit predictable cyclic fluctuations in the amount of light emitted per cell. This daily biological rhythm exhibits many features of a circadian pattern, and produces an elevated intensity of symbiont luminescence in juvenile animals during the hours preceding the onset of ambient darkness. Comparisons of the specific luminescence of bacteria in the intact light organ with that of newly released bacteria support the existence of a direct host regulation of the specific activity of symbiont luminescence that does not require the intervention of accessory tissues. A model encompassing the currently available evidence is proposed for the control of growth and luminescence activity in the E. scolopes/V. fischeri light organ symbiosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193435
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    External and internal sexual dimorphism in leiognathid fishes: Morphological evidence for sex-specific bioluminescent signaling (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 182 (1984), S. 71-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Fourteen species of leiognathid fishes (Perciformes, Leiognathidae) from the Philippine Islands, Thailand, Japan, Indonesia, and Palau were examined for accessory secondary sexual dimorphism. Thirteen species exhibit either external dimorphism (a clear patch of skin on the flanks of males, a large clear patch of skin on the opercular margins of males, or a flank stripe in males) or internal dimorphism (large light organs in males) or both. Eight of the 14 species (and possibly as many as 11) exhibit both forms of sexual dimorphism. Two species show only internal light organ volume dimorphism, and one species shows neither external nor internal dimorphism. Sexual dimorphism is thus very common in leiognathids. The externally dimorphic skin patches are closely associated with the internally dimorphic light organ system in seven species (and possibly as many as ten), indicating a potential for light emission through the clear patches. A bioluminescent signaling function by males is therefore suggested for the sexual dimorphism in leiognathids, which may play an important role in the schooling behavior as well as in species and sexual recognition of these coastal fishes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051820105
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  • 10
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    Establishment of an animal-bacterial association: Recruiting symbiotic vibrios from the environment (2000)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-08-29
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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