Publication Date:
2014-09-16
Description:
A defining feature governing head patterning of jawed vertebrates is a highly conserved gene regulatory network that integrates hindbrain segmentation with segmentally restricted domains of Hox gene expression. Although non-vertebrate chordates display nested domains of axial Hox expression, they lack hindbrain segmentation. The sea lamprey, a jawless fish, can provide unique insights into vertebrate origins owing to its phylogenetic position at the base of the vertebrate tree. It has been suggested that lamprey may represent an intermediate state where nested Hox expression has not been coupled to the process of hindbrain segmentation. However, little is known about the regulatory network underlying Hox expression in lamprey or its relationship to hindbrain segmentation. Here, using a novel tool that allows cross-species comparisons of regulatory elements between jawed and jawless vertebrates, we report deep conservation of both upstream regulators and segmental activity of enhancer elements across these distant species. Regulatory regions from diverse gnathostomes drive segmental reporter expression in the lamprey hindbrain and require the same transcriptional inputs (for example, Kreisler (also known as Mafba), Krox20 (also known as Egr2a)) in both lamprey and zebrafish. We find that lamprey hox genes display dynamic segmentally restricted domains of expression; we also isolated a conserved exonic hox2 enhancer from lamprey that drives segmental expression in rhombomeres 2 and 4. Our results show that coupling of Hox gene expression to segmentation of the hindbrain is an ancient trait with origin at the base of vertebrates that probably led to the formation of rhombomeric compartments with an underlying Hox code.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4209185/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4209185/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parker, Hugo J -- Bronner, Marianne E -- Krumlauf, Robb -- R01 DE017911/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS086907/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01DE017911/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- R01NS086907/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Oct 23;514(7523):490-3. doi: 10.1038/nature13723. Epub 2014 Sep 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA. ; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. ; 1] Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA [2] Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25219855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Base Sequence
;
Body Patterning/genetics
;
Conserved Sequence/*genetics
;
Enhancer Elements, Genetic/genetics
;
*Evolution, Molecular
;
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
;
Gene Regulatory Networks/*genetics
;
Genes, Homeobox/*genetics
;
Lampreys/embryology/genetics
;
Molecular Sequence Data
;
Phylogeny
;
Rhombencephalon/*embryology/*metabolism
;
Vertebrates/*embryology/genetics
;
Zebrafish/embryology/genetics
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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