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  • 1
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    Solar cycle variation of interstellar neutral He, Ne, O density and pick-up ions along the Earth's orbit (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-07
    Description: We simulated the modulation of the interstellar neutral (ISN) He, Ne, and O density and pick-up ion (PUI) production rate and count rate along the Earth's orbit over the solar cycle (SC) from 2002 to 2013 to verify if SC-related effects may modify the inferred ecliptic longitude of the ISN inflow direction. We adopted the classical PUI model with isotropic distribution function and adiabatic cooling, modified by time- and heliolatitude-dependent ionization rates and non-zero injection speed of PUIs. We found that the ionization losses have a noticeable effect on the derivation of the ISN inflow longitude based on the Gaussian fit to the crescent and cone peak locations. We conclude that the non-zero radial velocity of the ISN flow and the energy range of the PUI distribution function that is accumulated are of importance for a precise reproduction of the PUI count rate along the Earth orbit. However, the temporal and latitudinal variations of the ionization in the heliosphere, and particularly their variation on the SC time-scale, may significantly modify the shape of PUI cone and crescent and also their peak positions from year to year and thus bias by a few degrees the derived longitude of the ISN gas inflow direction.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Global observations of the interstellar interaction from the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-17
    Description: The Sun moves through the local interstellar medium, continuously emitting ionized, supersonic solar wind plasma and carving out a cavity in interstellar space called the heliosphere. The recently launched Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) spacecraft has completed its first all-sky maps of the interstellar interaction at the edge of the heliosphere by imaging energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) emanating from this region. We found a bright ribbon of ENA emission, unpredicted by prior models or theories, that may be ordered by the local interstellar magnetic field interacting with the heliosphere. This ribbon is superposed on globally distributed flux variations ordered by both the solar wind structure and the direction of motion through the interstellar medium. Our results indicate that the external galactic environment strongly imprints the heliosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McComas, D J -- Allegrini, F -- Bochsler, P -- Bzowski, M -- Christian, E R -- Crew, G B -- DeMajistre, R -- Fahr, H -- Fichtner, H -- Frisch, P C -- Funsten, H O -- Fuselier, S A -- Gloeckler, G -- Gruntman, M -- Heerikhuisen, J -- Izmodenov, V -- Janzen, P -- Knappenberger, P -- Krimigis, S -- Kucharek, H -- Lee, M -- Livadiotis, G -- Livi, S -- MacDowall, R J -- Mitchell, D -- Mobius, E -- Moore, T -- Pogorelov, N V -- Reisenfeld, D -- Roelof, E -- Saul, L -- Schwadron, N A -- Valek, P W -- Vanderspek, R -- Wurz, P -- Zank, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 13;326(5955):959-62. doi: 10.1126/science.1180906. Epub 2009 Oct 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78228, USA. dmccomas@swri.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Comparison of Interstellar Boundary Explorer observations with 3D global heliospheric models (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-17
    Description: Simulations of energetic neutral atom (ENA) maps predict flux magnitudes that are, in some cases, similar to those observed by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) spacecraft, but they miss the ribbon. Our model of the heliosphere indicates that the local interstellar medium (LISM) magnetic field (B(LISM)) is transverse to the line of sight (LOS) along the ribbon, suggesting that the ribbon may carry its imprint. The force-per-unit area on the heliopause from field line draping and the LISM ram pressure is comparable with the ribbon pressure if the LOS approximately 30 to 60 astronomical units and B(LISM) approximately 2.5 microgauss. Although various models have advantages in accounting for some of the observations, no model can explain all the dominant features, which probably requires a substantial change in our understanding of the processes that shape our heliosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwadron, N A -- Bzowski, M -- Crew, G B -- Gruntman, M -- Fahr, H -- Fichtner, H -- Frisch, P C -- Funsten, H O -- Fuselier, S -- Heerikhuisen, J -- Izmodenov, V -- Kucharek, H -- Lee, M -- Livadiotis, G -- McComas, D J -- Moebius, E -- Moore, T -- Mukherjee, J -- Pogorelov, N V -- Prested, C -- Reisenfeld, D -- Roelof, E -- Zank, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 13;326(5955):966-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1180986. Epub 2009 Oct 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. nathanas@bu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Direct observations of interstellar H, He, and O by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-17
    Description: Neutral gas of the local interstellar medium flows through the inner solar system while being deflected by solar gravity and depleted by ionization. The dominating feature in the energetic neutral atom Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) all-sky maps at low energies is the hydrogen, helium, and oxygen interstellar gas flow. The He and O flow peaked around 8 February 2009 in accordance with gravitational deflection, whereas H dominated after 26 March 2009, consistent with approximate balance of gravitational attraction by solar radiation pressure. The flow distributions arrive from a few degrees above the ecliptic plane and show the same temperature for He and O. An asymmetric O distribution in ecliptic latitude points to a secondary component from the outer heliosheath.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mobius, E -- Bochsler, P -- Bzowski, M -- Crew, G B -- Funsten, H O -- Fuselier, S A -- Ghielmetti, A -- Heirtzler, D -- Izmodenov, V V -- Kubiak, M -- Kucharek, H -- Lee, M A -- Leonard, T -- McComas, D J -- Petersen, L -- Saul, L -- Scheer, J A -- Schwadron, N -- Witte, M -- Wurz, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 13;326(5955):969-71. doi: 10.1126/science.1180971. Epub 2009 Oct 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Space Science Center and Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA. Eberhard.moebius@unh.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    The heliosphere's interstellar interaction: no bow shock (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-15
    Description: As the Sun moves through the local interstellar medium, its supersonic, ionized solar wind carves out a cavity called the heliosphere. Recent observations from the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) spacecraft show that the relative motion of the Sun with respect to the interstellar medium is slower and in a somewhat different direction than previously thought. Here, we provide combined consensus values for this velocity vector and show that they have important implications for the global interstellar interaction. In particular, the velocity is almost certainly slower than the fast magnetosonic speed, with no bow shock forming ahead of the heliosphere, as was widely expected in the past.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McComas, D J -- Alexashov, D -- Bzowski, M -- Fahr, H -- Heerikhuisen, J -- Izmodenov, V -- Lee, M A -- Mobius, E -- Pogorelov, N -- Schwadron, N A -- Zank, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 8;336(6086):1291-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1221054. Epub 2012 May 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78228, USA. dmccomas@swri.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22582011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Decades-long changes of the interstellar wind through our solar system (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-07
    Description: The journey of the Sun through the dynamically active local interstellar medium creates an evolving heliosphere environment. This motion drives a wind of interstellar material through the heliosphere that has been measured with Earth-orbiting and interplanetary spacecraft for 40 years. Recent results obtained by NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer mission during 2009-2010 suggest that neutral interstellar atoms flow into the solar system from a different direction than found previously. These prior measurements represent data collected from Ulysses and other spacecraft during 1992-2002 and a variety of older measurements acquired during 1972-1978. Consideration of all data types and their published results and uncertainties, over the three epochs of observations, indicates that the trend for the interstellar flow ecliptic longitude to increase linearly with time is statistically significant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frisch, P C -- Bzowski, M -- Livadiotis, G -- McComas, D J -- Moebius, E -- Mueller, H-R -- Pryor, W R -- Schwadron, N A -- Sokol, J M -- Vallerga, J V -- Ajello, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Sep 6;341(6150):1080-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1239925.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. frisch@oddjob.uchicago.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24009386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Influence of Fluctuations of the Solar Emission Line Profileon the Doppler Shift of Interplanetary HLyα Lines Observed by the Hubble–Space–Telescope (2000)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 274 (2000), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In an earlier research the employment of a radiation transport model with angle-dependent partial frequency redistribution, self-absorption by interplanetary hydrogen, realistic solar HLyαemission profile, and a time dependent `hot' hydrogen model to analyze 5 interplanetary HLyα glow spectra obtained with theHubble–Space–Telescope–GHRS spectrometer, has not resulted in unequivocal determination of a set of thermodynamical parameters of the interstellar hydrogen The residual discrepancies between the model and the data concern the observations performed within an interval of 1 year close to the solar minimum from very similar lines of sight. In this paper we investigate by calculating interplanetary HLyα lines with the use of a one hydrogen distribution and several solar HLyα line profiles whether this residual may be caused by possible variations in time of the shape of the solar HLyα emission line profile which cause variable illuminations of the interplanetary gas. These variations of illuminations cause variations in Doppler shift of the resonant interplanetary HLyα line that can amount to ≃ 4 km s-1in the line peak. Consequently we conclude that without adequate knowledge of the solar HLyα emission line profile during spectral observations of the interplanetary hydrogen gas it is impossible to obtain an agreement between models and observations better than by this value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026595823498
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling of the interstellar hydrogen distribution in the heliosphere (1996)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 78 (1996), S. 265-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The detailed knowledge of the distribution of neutral interstellar hydrogen in the interplanetary space is necessary for a reliable interpretation of optical and H+ pickup ions observations. In the paper, we review the status of the modelling efforts with the emphasis on recent improvements in that field. We discuss in particular the role of the nonstationary, solar cycle-related effects and the consequences of hydrogen filtration through the heliospheric interface region for its distribution in the inner Solar System. We demonstrate also that the use of the simple ‘cold’ model, neglecting the thermal character of the hydrogen gas (T ∼ 8000 K), is generally incorrect for the whole region of the inner heliosphere (R 〈 5 AU) since it leads to a substantial underestimation of the local hydrogen density and thus influences the derivation of the H properties in the outer heliosphere/LISM. Referring to recent Ulysses measurements, we point out also the need to consider in the modelling the effects of the latitudinal asymmetry of the ionization rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170813
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solar cycle modulation of the interstellar hydrogen density distribution in the heliosphere (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 467-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new approach taking explicitly into account time dependent variations of the solar radiation pressure and ionisation rate is developed for more realistic description of the distribution of the hot (∼800 K) interstellar hydrogen gas within the heliosphere. It is shown that the solar cycle-related variabilities cause temporal modulation of the hydrogen density patterns, manifested by propagation of density waves smearing out only beyond about 20 AU and 60 AU in the upwind and downwind directions, respectively. Density variations induce modulation of the size of hydrogen cavity by ∼15% around the mean value, affect (mainly in the antiapex direction) the location of the maximum emissivity region (MER) contributing to the Lyman-α backseattered glow, and lead to a significant temporal modulation of the upwind-todownwind Lyman-α intensity ratio as seen from the inner Solar System.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768821
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  • 10
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    Observations of the helium focusing cone with pickup ions (2004)
    EDP Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-10-18
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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