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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 681 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 505 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 96 (1969), S. 521-547 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung der Keimzentren menschlicher Tonsillen zeigt, daß den lichtmikroskopisch definierten Zellen elektronenmikroskopisch äquivalente Zelltypen zugeordnet werden können. Diese unterscheiden sich durch die Struktur von Cytoplasma, Kern und Nukleolen. Folgende Zelltypen können auch elektronenmikroskopisch klar definiert werden: Lymphocyten, Germinocyten, Germinoblasten, basophile Stammzellen, Plasmoblasten, Proplasmazellen, Plasmazellen und Retikulumzellen. Zwischen den lymphatischen Zellen und den Plasmazellen sehen wir morphologisch einen fließenden Übergang. Die Retikulumzellen des Keimzentrums kommen in zwei verschiedenen Formen vor: 1. als ortsständige, nicht phagocytierende Retikulumzellen mit feinen (bis 200 Å dicken) Zellausläufern und 2. als Makrophagen mit vielgestaltigen Cytoplasmaeinschlüssen (sog. „Sternhimmelzellen”), die jedoch meist als Abbauprodukte der Verdauung von phagocytierten Zellen erkennbar sind. Die ortsständigen Retikulumzellen bilden zwischen ihren Ausläufern Desmosomen aus. In den hoch immunisierten Keimzentren der menschlichen Tonsille findet eine wesentliche Plasmocytopoiese statt (bis 5% Plasmazellen und deren Vorstufen im Keimzentrum). Die Struktur der Zellen und ihr Zusammenhang mit den Befunden der experimentellen Immunologie werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Germinal centers of human tonsils were studied by electron microscopy in order to correlate the light and electron microscopic picture of different cell types in the germinal center. Fine structural differences of their cell nuclei, nucleoli and cytoplasm are indeed significant enough for the identification of well-circumscribed cell types and for correlation with their light microscope counterpart. Thus the following cell types can be identified: lymphocytes, germinocytes, germinoblasts, basophilic stem cells (immunoblasts), plasmoblasts, proplasmocytes, plasma cells and reticulum cells. Based on morphological characters a continuous cell line with many transitional stages can be seen between the lymphatic and plasmacell series. The so-called reticulum cells of the germinal centers may be separated into two welldefined cell types. They appear: 1. as resident, non-phagocytic reticulum cells with tiny cytoplasmic processes (ca. 200 Å in diameter) and 2. as macrophages (“starry sky cells”) with polymorphous cytoplasmic inclusions. These cytoplasmic inclusions often represent particles of phagocytized cells in various stages of an enzymatic desintegration. Other inclusions appear as residual bodies, lipid vacuoles and dense bodies. Between the cytoplasmic processes of resident reticulum cells desmosomes can often be observed (macrophages lack desmosomes). The highly immunized germinal centers of the human tonsil usually show considerable plasmocytopoiesis (up to 5% plasma cells and plasma cell precursors). The fine structure of the different cells and their function is discussed in the light of recent findings of experimental immunology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 121 (1971), S. 292-300 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Tissue Mast Cells ; Rat ; Regeneration ; Monocytes ; Peritoneal Exudates ; Cytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Regeneration von Gewebsmastzellen wurde durch Untersuchungen von Peritonealexsudat erwachsener Ratten verfolgt, die häufigen Spülungen der Bauchhöhle unterworfen wurden. Innerhalb von 4–6 Tagen kommt es zu einer starken Vermehrung unreifer Gewebszellen. Die Ausbildung von Alcianblau-positiven unreifen Granula in ungranulierten Vorstufen benötigt etwa 6 Std. Die Ausbildung von Safranin-positiven reifen Granula vollzieht sich in 48 Std. Die Ergebnisse der zytochemischen Untersuchungen unreifer Mastzellvorstufen sprechen für eine monozytogene Entstehung der Gewebsmastzellen.
    Notes: Summary In adult rats, the regeneration of tissue mast cells in peritoneal exudates was studied by repeated peritoneal lavages. After 4–6 days, tissue mast cells appeared in great numbers in peritoneal exudates. Alcian blue positive granules were first noted at 6 hrs in agranular mast cell precursors. Maturation with accumulation of safraninpositive granules was complete after 48 hrs. The cytochemical reactions of the earliest tissue mast cell precursors suggest a monocytogenic origin of tissue mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 415-417 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spleen (human) ; Periarteriolar lymphocytic sheath ; Reticular cell ; Enzyme histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Interdigitating cells are demonstrated as a special type of fixed cell in the periarteriolar lymphocytic sheaths of the human spleen. These cells show typical ultrastructural features as well as a characteristic enzyme histochemical pattern that distinguish them from other reticular cells in the splenic white pulp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 155 (1974), S. 47-55 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thymus (human) ; Reticulum cells ; Thymus dependent region ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven thymuses from children between 1 and 12 years were examined by electron microscopy. Biopsies had been taken during surgical correction of congenital heart defects. In all cases we found interdigitating reticulum cells (IRC) in the medulla and inner cortex. These cells resembled the IRC which have been described previously in the thymus-dependent regions of the spleen and lymph node. They were characterized by an irregularly shaped nucleus, narrow cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and widespread interdigitation and invagination of the cell membrane. The surfaces of the IRC were in close contact with those of small lymphocytes, sometimes polysomal lymphatic cells, epithelial cells, and occasionally with those of lymphatic cells containing ergastoplasm. The IRC is apparently a specific cell of thymus-dependent regions. It may be that the IRC in the thymus, lymph node, and spleen contribute to the microenvironment needed for the differentiation of T-cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spleen (human) ; T and B cell regions ; Localization ; Enzyme cytochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The capacity of certain B-lymphocytes to bind complement (demonstrated by erythrocyte-antibody-complement complexes, EAC) was used as a marker of the B-lymphocyte regions of the human white splenic pulp. This was carried out on cryostat sections in order to correlate enzyme histochemical findings (5-nucleotidase, ATPase, acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase, alkaline phosphatase) to immunological functions. EAC were typically found in the follicle centers and marginal zone, whereas periarteriolar lymphocyte sheaths remained negative. The enzyme histochemical patterns of lymphocytes and reticulum cells allowed a clear distinction between areas with and those without EAC-binding. This was shown most clearly when the following enzymes were demonstrated in combination: 5-nucleotidase (5-Nase) + alkaline phosphatase, ATPase + acid phosphatase, and nonspecific esterase + acid phosphatase. 5-Nase correlated best to EAC-positive areas with a positive reaction in follicle wall lymphocytes and dendritic reticulum cells, whereas periarteriolar sheaths contained no 5-Nase-positive structures. Reticulum cells around periarteriolar lymphocyte sheaths at the margin of the red splenic pulp showed a particularly strong alkaline phosphatase reaction. The reticulum cells of the areas containing B-lymphocytes and those of the EAC-negative periarteriolar regions, which probably contain T-lymphocytes, were specifically labeled for different sets of enzymes. These findings suggest that specialized, morphologically different reticulum cells may be the “guide rails” for the different freely circulating lymphocyte populations.
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  • 8
  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2015-07-03
    Description: In extranodalen Marginalzonen-B-Zell-Lymphomen vom MALT-Typ (eMZBCL) wurde für verschiedene anatomische Lokalisationen eine Assoziation mit einer durch einen spezifischen Erreger verursachten chronischen Entzündung (z. B. Helicobacter pylori im Magen) beschrieben. Für die Lunge ist eine solche Erregerassoziation bislang nicht bekannt. Mittels einer erstmalig auf diese Fragestellung angewandten sensitiven Screeningmethode (SHARP-Screening), die auf der Analyse der bakteriellen 16S-rRNA-Gene beruht, haben wir die mikrobielle Diversität von 9 eMZBCL der Lunge analysiert und mit 9 Kontrollfällen verglichen. Interessanterweise konnten in 8 der 9 eMZBCL-Fälle Bakterien der Alcaligenacea-Familie (Alcaligenes, Achromobacter, AKIW733 ) nachgewiesen werden, während keiner der 9 Kontrollfälle eine Besiedlung mit diesen Keimen zeigte. Weitere Untersuchungen, z. B. mit spezifischen PRC-Assays an größeren Fallzahlen sind nötig, um zu klären, ob Betaproteobakterien der Alcaligenacea-Familie mit der Genese von eMZBCL in der Lunge assoziiert oder sogar ursächlich beteiligt sind. Abstract For several anatomical localisations of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type (eMZBCL), an association with chronic inflammation caused by microbiological agents (e.g. Helicobacter pylori in the stomach) has been described. In the lung, a link between lymphomagenesis and a defined causative organism is still missing. A comprehensive diversity survey using 16S-rDNA library construction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree construction was employed for nine cases each of BALT lymphoma and control lung tissues (normal foetal lung, pneumonitis, carcinoid). This highly sensitive method, hereafter termed SHARP screening allowed for identification of the entire bacterial population in the tissue in a cultivation-independent manner. It was noteworthy that in eight of the nine cases of BALT lymphoma, bacteria of the Alcaligenaceae family (Alcaligenes, Achromobacter, AKIW733), were detected, whereas none of the control cases showed the presence of these clades. 16S-rDNA library construction in combination with RFLP screening and phylogenetic analyses, hereafter described as SHARP screening, is a cultivation-independent tool for analysing the microbial environment in chronic inflammation processes giving rise to extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of MALT-type. Betaproteobacteria of the Alcaligenaceae family may be affiliated with and possibly involved in the lymphomagenesis of BALT lymphomas.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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