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  • 1
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    Biology and morphometrics of dominant salp species in the subarctic Northeast Pacific (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-26
    Description: Salps are ubiquitous members of shelf break and offshore zooplankton communities in the subarctic Northeast Pacific. However, little is known about their species composition and biology compared to other regions in the Pacific. Seven salp species occur more or less frequently, whereas three of them numerically dominate: Cyclosalpa bakeri, Salpa aspera, and S. fusiformis. Two more southern salp taxa, Thalia democratica and Thetys vagina, not sampled since 2016, re-invaded the subarctic Northeast Pacific likely due to a series of marine heat waves. Specimens were collected during 1985–2020 using various gear types (BIONESS, Bongo net, midwater trawl, Multinet, neuston net, ring net, Tucker trawl) in the top 250 m (occasionally down to 1500 m) off the west coast of British Columbia, Canada. In total, approximately 1200 salp specimens were analysed. General salp biology, including life cycle stage and development stage compositions as well as body morphometrics (i.e., total length, oral-atrial length, embryo length, stolon properties, gut diameter) were measured. Species, size-, and stage-specific differences were compared. For the three dominant species and T. democratica, first biological and morphometric measurements in the subarctic Northeast Pacific are provided.
    Keywords: 11_Midwater_trawl; 33_Midwater_trawl; A2_Bongo_net; A3_Bongo_net; BIONESS; BONGO; Bongo net; Characteristic; Chief scientist(s); Comment; CS04_Bongo_net; D05_Bongo_net; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; DRIF7_BIONESS; ED8W_Bongo_net; EP03_Bongo_net; Event label; Field observation; Gear; GI3_Bongo_net; I_Midwater_trawl; Identification; Latitude of event; LBP8_Bongo_net; LBP8_Multinet; LC12_A4_Bongo_net; LD09_Bongo_net; LG02_Bongo_net; LG09_Bongo_net; LH08_Bongo_net; LI10_BIONESS; Life stage; Longitude of event; Mesh size; Midwater trawl; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; MWT; NEU; Neuston net; Northeast Pacific; P12_Bongo_net; P12_Multinet_Medi; P14_Bongo_net; P16_Bongo_net; P2_Bongo_net; P20_Bongo_net; P20_Tucker_trawl; P26_Bongo_net; P26_Neuston_net; P26_Ring_net; P26_Tucker_trawl; P4_Bongo_net; P8_Bongo_net; Preservation; Project; QCS18_BIONESS; Ratio; Ring net; RN; Salp; Salpidae, embryo, length; Salpidae, gut, diameter; Salpidae, length; Species; Station label; Subarctic Northeast Pacific; TT; Tucker trawl; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Vessel; VI01_Bongo_net; VI02_Bongo_net; VI06_Bongo_net; Water volume, filtered; Zooplankton Multiple Net Sampling System
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 18895 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the antitumor activity of four dibutyltin(IV)-N-arylidene-α-amino acid complexes (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 12 (1998), S. 409-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: antitumor activity ; cancer cell lines ; dibutyltins ; NCI ; organotins ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper reports the activity of four dibutyltin(IV)-N-arylidene-α-amino acid complexes against the National Cancer Institute (NCI) panel of 60 cell lines. The results indicated that three of the organotin complexes (C17H25NO3Sn, C18H27NO3Sn and C20H31NO3Sn) exhibit their highest cytotoxic effect on the NCI-522 (non-small cell lung cancer) cell line. The fourth complex, C21H27NO3Sn, exhibits its highest cytotoxic activity on the cell line RXF-631L (renal cancer). In general, a low to moderate cellular response was observed for all the organotin complexes, with at least one cell line in each subpanel of cells exhibiting a very low growth inhibition response to all the organotin complexes. The low-responding cell lines included HOP-62 (non-small lung cancer), DLD-1 (colon cancer), SF-539 (CNS cancer), SK-MEL-5 (melanoma), IGROV-1 (ovarian cancer) and RPMI-8226 (leukemia). The results also indicated that the compounds did not exhibit any significant subpanel activity and suggested that the compounds were not active in all the cell lines contained in any subpanel. The low to moderate activity of these compounds across the cell lines was attributed to the presence of nitrogen-bearing ligands which prevented the dissociation of the compound and the subsequent binding to DNA. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 3
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    Damming effect on the Changjiang (Yangtze River) river water cycle based on stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic records (2016)
    In:  Journal of Geochemical Exploration
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
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    Three Gorges Dam alters the Changjiang (Yangtze) river water cycle in the dry seasons: Evidence from H-O isotopes (2016)
    In:  Science of the Total Environment
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    River-to-ocean pathways of beryllium-9 through estuaries (2024)
    In:  Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-03
    Description: Estuarine processes are key in modulating the riverine input of particle-reactive trace elements to the ocean. An important, but still under-utilized member of these elements is beryllium-9 (9Be) that together with cosmogenic 10Be has been suggested to serve as a quantitative tracer of present and past continental weathering flux. This study investigates different pathways of terrigenous 9Be through coastal areas into the ocean, based on dissolved 9Be concentrations in surface and bottom waters together with corresponding particulate 9Be concentrations along the salinity gradient in the Changjiang Estuary. Dissolved 9Be in the Changjiang Estuary shows a non-conservative behavior: At low to mid-salinity where water is well-mixed, 9Be is removed from both surface and bottom waters at low salinity and then released back into the water column at mid-salinity. At high salinity where water is stratified, dissolved 9Be is removed from surface waters, but is released back into bottom waters. In combination with hydrochemical (e.g., dissolved oxygen) and particulate 9Be data obtained from different extracted phases, we attribute the removal of dissolved 9Be at low salinity to salt-induced colloidal flocculation, whereas in surface waters at high salinity, we ascribe the removal to biological scavenging facilitated by phytoplankton blooms. The release of 9Be into mid- and high-salinity bottom waters is likely dominated by benthic processes, including porewater diffusion and/or submarine groundwater discharge. The contribution from desorption of 9Be from suspended particulate matter is negligible throughout the entire estuary. We propose that the release of 9Be through benthic processes potentially presents the most important contributor to the marine 9Be budget, where this benthic flux of 9Be is likely enhanced by hypoxic conditions in coastal bottom waters.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Simultaneous preconcentration of 9Be and cosmogenic 10Be for determination of the 10Be/9Be ratio in (coastal) seawater (2024)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography - Methods
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-18
    Description: Beryllium isotopes have emerged as a quantitative tracer of continental weathering, but accurate and precise determination of the cosmogenic 10Be and stable 9Be in seawater is challenging, because seawater contains high concentrations of matrix elements but extremely low concentrations of 9Be and 10Be. In this study, we develop a new, time-efficient procedure for the simultaneous preconcentration of 9Be and 10Be from (coastal) seawater based on the iron co-precipitation method. The concentrations of 9Be, 10Be, and the resulting 10Be/9Be ratio for Changjiang Estuary water derived from the new procedure agree well with those obtained from the conventional procedure requiring separate preconcentration for 9Be and 10Be determinations. By avoiding the separate preconcentration, our newly developed procedure contributes toward more time-efficient handling of samples, less sample cross-contamination, and a more reliable 10Be/9Be ratio. Prior to this, we validated the iron co-precipitation method using artificial seawater and natural water samples from the Amazon Estuary regarding: (1) the “matrix effect” for Be analysis, (2) its extraction efficiency for pg g−1 levels Be in the presence and absence of organic matter, and (3) the data comparability with another preconcentration method. We calculated that for the determination of 9Be and 10Be in most open ocean seawater with typical 10Be concentrations of 〉 500 atoms g−1, good precisions (〈 5%) can be achieved using less than 3 liters of seawater compared to more than 20 liters routinely used previously. Even for coastal seawater with extremely low 10Be concentration (e.g., 100 atoms g−1), we estimate a maximum amount of 10 liters to be adequate.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Germline ESR2 mutation predisposes to medullary thyroid carcinoma and causes up-regulation of RET expression (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-06
    Description: Familial medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and its precursor, C cell hyperplasia (CCH), is associated with germline RET mutations causing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. However, some rare families with apparent MTC/CCH predisposition do not have a detectable RET mutation. To identify novel MTC/CCH predisposition genes we undertook exome resequencing studies in a family with apparent predisposition to MTC/CCH and no identifiable RET mutation. We identified a novel ESR2 frameshift mutation, c.948delT, which segregated with histological diagnosis following thyroid surgery in family members and demonstrated loss of ESR2 -encoded ERβ expression in the MTC tumour. ERα and ERβ form heterodimers binding DNA at specific oestrogen-responsive elements (EREs) to regulate gene transcription. ERβ represses ERα-mediated activation of the ERE and the RET promoter contains three EREs . In vitro , we showed that ESR2 c.948delT results in unopposed ERα mediated increased cellular proliferation, activation of the ERE and increased RET expression. In vivo , immunostaining of CCH and MTC using an anti-RET antibody demonstrated increased RET expression. Together these findings identify germline ESR2 mutation as a novel cause of familial MTC/CCH and provide important insights into a novel mechanism causing increased RET expression in tumourigenesis.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Large Vertical Migrations of Pyrosoma atlanticum Play an Important Role in Active Carbon Transport (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract Pyrosomes are efficient grazers that can form dense aggregations. Their clearance rates are among the highest of any zooplankton grazer, and they can rapidly repackage what they consume into thousands of fecal pellets per hour. In recent years, pyrosome swarms have been found outside of their natural geographical range; however, environmental drivers that promote these swarms are still unknown. During the austral spring of 2017 a Pyrosoma atlanticum swarm was sampled in the Tasman Sea. Depth‐stratified sampling during the day and night was used to examine the spatial and vertical distribution of P. atlanticum across three eddies. Respiration rate experiments were performed onboard to determine minimum feeding requirements for the pyrosome population. P. atlanticum was 2 orders of magnitude more abundant in the cold core eddy (CCE) compared to both warm core eddies, with maximum biomass of 360 mg WW·m−3, most likely driven by high chlorophyll a concentrations. P. atlanticum exhibited diel vertical migration and migrated to a maximum depth strata of 800–1,000 m. Active carbon transport in the CCE was 4 orders of magnitude higher than the warm core eddies. Fecal pellet production contributed to the majority (91%) of transport, and total downward carbon flux below the mixed layer was estimated at 11 mg C·m−2·d−1. When abundant, P. atlanticum swarms have the potential to play a major role in active carbon transport, comparable to fluxes for zooplankton and micronekton communities.
    Print ISSN: 2169-8953
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-8961
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    Azomethine proton chemical shift of Schiff bases (1979)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0584-8539
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3824
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
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    PKM2 Determines Myofiber Hypertrophy In Vitro and Increases in Response to Resistance Exercise in Human Skeletal Muscle (2020)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-25
    Description: Nearly 100 years ago, Otto Warburg investigated the metabolism of growing tissues and discovered that tumors reprogram their metabolism. It is poorly understood whether and how hypertrophying muscle, another growing tissue, reprograms its metabolism too. Here, we studied pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM), which can be spliced into two isoforms (PKM1, PKM2). This is of interest, because PKM2 redirects glycolytic flux towards biosynthetic pathways, which might contribute to muscle hypertrophy too. We first investigated whether resistance exercise changes PKM isoform expression in growing human skeletal muscle and found that PKM2 abundance increases after six weeks of resistance training, whereas PKM1 decreases. Second, we determined that Pkm2 expression is higher in fast compared to slow fiber types in rat skeletal muscle. Third, by inducing hypertrophy in differentiated C2C12 cells and by selectively silencing Pkm1 and/or Pkm2 with siRNA, we found that PKM2 limits myotube growth. We conclude that PKM2 contributes to hypertrophy in C2C12 myotubes and indicates a changed metabolic environment within hypertrophying human skeletal muscle fibers. PKM2 is preferentially expressed in fast muscle fibers and may partly contribute to the increased potential for hypertrophy in fast fibers.
    Print ISSN: 1661-6596
    Electronic ISSN: 1422-0067
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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