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  • 1
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    Springer Nature | Springer Nature Singapore
    Publication Date: 2024-05-12
    Description: This open access book surveys the development of OCAC technology in the last decade for solid fuel conversion in fluidized beds. The scientific concerns, including combustion and emission characteristics, ash-related problems, OC aging, and so on, are summarized and analyzed. Beyond this, new concepts like OCAC with Oxy-PFBC, OCAC coupled with staged fuel conversion, OCAC in rotatory kilns and multi-functional OCAC are proposed, so as to promote the applications of OCAC to various fields in the future. Moreover, this book also outlines the perspectives for future research and development of OCAC. As an emerging technology, extensive studies and investigations are still necessary to fill in the gap from the fundamental understanding of the technology to its industrial demonstrations. Nevertheless, we believe that this book provides novel insights for the readership of energy and combustion and stimulate meaningful follow-on research on OCAC technology.
    Keywords: Oxygen-Carrier-Aided Combustion ; Fluidized Bed Combustion ; Solid Fuel ; Oxygen Buffer ; Clean and Efficient Combustion ; High-volatil e Fuel ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THV Alternative and renewable energy sources and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science::TGMB Engineering thermodynamics
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
    Format: image/jpeg
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: The GLObal Reflectance community dataset for Imaging and optical sensing of Aquatic environments (GLORIA) includes 7,572 curated hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance measurements at 1 nm intervals within the 350 to 900 nm wavelength range. In addition, at least one co-located water quality measurement, chlorophyll a, total suspended solids, absorption by dissolved substances, and Secchi depth, is provided. The data were contributed by researchers affiliated with 53 institutions worldwide and come from 450 different water bodies, making GLORIA the de-facto state of knowledge of in situ coastal and inland aquatic optical diversity.
    Keywords: CDOM; Chlorophyll a; Coastal waters; inland waters; lakes; remote sensing; remote sensing reflectance; Total suspended solids; water quality
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 56.2 MBytes
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4578-4580 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Direct current hysteresis loops of 49%Co–2%V–Fe alloy have been measured at temperatures up to 800 °C. Two phase structure is evident in the B–H loops between 580 and 730 °C. This alloy cannot be reliably operated above 580 °C. The second magnetic phase is believed to result from the nucleation and growth of disordered α phase in the ordered α′ phase matrix. Magnetic properties (measured as B at H=2.5 and 10 Oe) degrade with time during aging at 450 °C, but approach stable values after about 1000 h, which provides the possibility for long-term high temperature (e.g., 450 °C) operation if the degraded properties are still acceptable for the application. The coercive field remains unchanged while the permeability decreases irreversibly during aging. The irreversible magnetic property changes that occur during aging at 450 °C are most likely caused by an increase in the long range order parameter. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6523-6524 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In magnetic bearing or flywheel technologies, there is a demand for high induction soft magnetic alloys for forged components rotating at high speed (50 000–80 000 rpm). Hiperco® Alloy 27 (Co27–Fe) is ductile and has high magnetic saturation (24 kG) but with low yield stress (35–55 ksi). This work reports a carbon strengthened Co27Fe–C0.23 alloy with high yield stress (75–85 ksi), high induction (B=20 and 21 kG at H=100 and 150 Oe, respectively), and good ductility (1 in. elongation=21%). Postforge annealing is critical to achieve desired combination of high magnetic induction, high yield stress, and good ductility. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 4756-4758 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The development of crystallographic texture in rapidly quenched Fe14Nd2B has been investigated by hot deformation. The method was to catch the process in a state of partial completion, and then use transmission electron microscopy to examine the structure. The degree of texture formation was determined by x-ray diffraction and by magnetic measurements, and the hardness and the anisotropy in hardness were measured up to 600 °C. It was concluded, in agreement with others but with additional evidence, that preferential growth of favorably oriented grains during plastic deformation produces the texture. The nature of the plastic deformation remains unclear, since no dislocations are observed in Fe14Nd2B. It was found that when samples are compressed at temperatures near 600 °C under low stresses for long times, they become Nd rich at the bottom, presumably because of flow of the Nd-rich liquid phase under the influence of gravity. In such samples, plastic deformation and crystallographic orientation occurs preferentially at the Nd-rich end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4287-4289 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The re-entrant flux reversal effect was observed in commercially produced wire (44 and 117 μm in diameter) that had been made with Carpenter HyMu "80"® alloy (Ni80Mo4.2Febal permalloy). The critical field (Hj) for the flux jump decreased (to 0.2 Oe) with increased annealing temperature (e.g., 700 °C). However, after annealing at higher temperatures (e.g., 900 °C) the re-entrant effect disappears. The factors that affect re-entrant flux reversal in permalloy wire, such as wire diameter, length, heat treatment, and magnetic field, were investigated. The signals generated from amorphous and permalloy wires were also compared. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6459-6461 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has been used to examine the microstructures of NdFeB magnets made by rapid solidification. The samples were General Motors MQ-3 magnets, and also MQ-3 magnets that had been recompressed perpendicular to the original compression axis. A major finding is that the Nd-rich grain-boundary phase is not uniformly distributed on all grain boundaries of the Nd2Fe14B phase. Some boundaries are completely clean, and where the Nd-rich phase does appear, its thickness varies widely. The grain-boundary phase (whose structure has been variously identified) is partially ordered at room temperature after slow cooling. Ordered domains and antiphase boundaries have been observed in this phase by HRTEM. Using the Nd2Fe14B fringe spacing as calibration, the lattice parameter of the grain-boundary phase is found to be 5.58 A(ring). In the completely ordered state, this phase is neither bcc nor fcc; it is simple cubic with a lower-symmetry space group Pm3m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 2231-2233 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-temperature superconductor GdBa2Cu3O7 thin films were epitaxially grown in situ on (100) oriented ytrrium-stabilized zirconia single-crystal substrates by dc magnetron sputtering using a single planar target. All samples prepared in continual 12 runs have zero-resistance transition temperature Tc0 more than 90 K and a transition width 1–2 K. The best films have a Tc0 of 92.5 K, a transition width of 0.7 K, and a critical current density of 1.4×106 A/cm2 at 77 K. The reproducibility is very good. X-ray diffraction spectra analysis in different geometries showed epitaxial growth with the c axis normal to the film surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 116 (1994), S. 9773-9774 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 750-752 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Raman scattering was used to characterize BaTiO3/YBa2Cu3O7−x thin film bilayer structure grown by pulsed laser ablation (PLA). The Raman spectra were compared with the x-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The Raman peaks due to the tetragonal phase of BaTiO3 (BTO) and to the 123 phase YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) were observed at room temperature. XRD results showed that the BaTiO3 thin film has highly c-axis oriented tetragonal phase and is fully epitaxial. However, some impurity phases were observed from the Raman spectrum of the BaTiO3 thin film. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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