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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ synthesis of porous ceramics with a framework structure of aluminium borate whisker (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 33 (1998), S. 2601-2605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract New porous ceramics with a framework structure of aluminium borate (9Al2O3 · 2B2O3) whiskers, in which the whiskers are distributed uniformly and randomly, can be synthesized in situ by firing of a green powder compact of a mixture of aluminium hydroxide, boric acid and an additive of nickel oxide above 1100°C. During firing, the whiskers of aluminium borate grow in situ in the compact, and are bonded together by sintering. The porous aluminium borate consists solely of whiskers, has a porosity of 85%–50%, which corresponds to a volume fraction of whiskers of 15%–50%, and a flexural strength of 2.2–56.1 MPa. Because the whiskers are strongly bonded to other whisker(s), the problem of whiskers scattering, that can be an inhalation hazard, is solved. The aluminium alloy matrix composite using this porous aluminium borate as reinforcement was fabricated by the squeeze-casting method. The tensile strength of the composite material with a whisker volume fraction of 20% can be improved by up to about 90% compared with the unreinforced matrix alloy at 350°C. © 1998 Chapman & Hall
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004309403901
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The three important traits for cooking and eating quality of rice grains are controlled by a single locus in an elite rice hybrid, Shanyou 63 (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 642-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice quality ; Amylose content ; Gel consistency ; Gelatinization temperature ; Genetic analysis ; Molecular marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The cooking and eating quality of the rice grain is one of the most serious problems in many rice-producing areas of the world. In this study, we conducted a molecular marker-based genetic analysis of three traits, amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC) and gelatinization temperature (GT), that are the most important constituents of the cooking and eating quality of rice grains. The materials used in the analysis included F2 seeds, an F2:3 population, and an F9 recombinant inbred-line population from a cross between the parents of ’Shanyou 63’, the most widely grown hybrid in rice production in China. Segregation analyses of these three generations showed that each of the three traits was controlled by a single Mendelian locus. Molecular marker-based QTL (quantitative trait locus) analyses, both by one-way analysis of variance using single marker genotypes and by whole-genome scanning with MAPMAKER/QTL, revealed a single locus that controls the expression of all three traits. This locus coincided with the Wx region on the short arm of chromosome 6, indicating that all three traits were either controlled by the Wx locus or by a genomic region tightly linked to this locus. This finding has provided clues to resolving the molecular bases of GC and GT in future studies. The results also have direct implications for the quality improvement of rice varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051279
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyzing quantitative trait loci for yield using a vegetatively replicated F2 population from a cross between the parents of an elite rice hybrid (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 248-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L. ; Ratoon ; Molecular marker ; QTL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Although F2s are the most informative populations for genetic analysis, it has been difficult to use F2 populations directly for QTL analysis because it is usually difficult to assess the reliability of the data, due to an inability to estimate the experimental errors. In this study, we performed a QTL analysis for yield and yield-component traits of an F2 population based on data from replicated field trials over 2 years using vegetative shoots of ratooned plants, making use of the ratooning habit of rice. The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of conducting QTL analyses directly based on an F2 population by means of ratooning plants. The experimental population was from a cross between ’Zhenshan 97’ and ’Minghui 63’, the parents of ’Shanyou 63’, an elite rice hybrid widely grown in China. A genetic linkage map containing 151 molecular markers was constructed for QTL mapping. A total of 20 distinct QTLs were detected; eight of these were detected in both years and remaining 12 in only 1 year. Compared with the results of our previous analysis of the F2:3 families from the same cross, it was shown that most of the QTLs detected in the ratooned F2 population were also detected in the F2:3 population. However, the estimates of both additive and dominant types of genetic effects for many of the QTLs based on F2 ratoons were substantially larger than those based on F2:3 families. The results indicate that vegetatively ratooned F2 populations may have considerable utility in the mapping of QTLs, especially if dominant types of gene actions are of concern, although there were certain technical limitations in making use of such populations in the experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051476
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic bases of appearance quality of rice grains in Shanyou 63, an elite rice hybrid (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 823-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice quality ; Grain shape ; Endosperm opacity ; Genetic analysis ; Molecular marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Appearance quality of the rice grain represents a major problem of rice production in many rice-producing areas of the world, especially in hybrid rice production in China. In this study, we conducted a molecular marker-based genetic analysis of the traits that are determinants of the appearance quality of rice grains, including traits specifying grain shape and endosperm opacity. The materials used in the analysis included an F2:3 population and an F10 recombinant inbred line population from a cross between the parents of Shanyou 63, the most widely grown rice hybrid in China. Molecular marker-based QTL (quantitative trait locus) analyses revealed that grain length and grain width were each controlled by a major QTL accounting for a very large proportion of the genetic variation, plus one or two minor QTLs each explaining a small proportion of the genetic variation. The major QTLs can be detected in both the F2:3 and recombinant inbred line population using both paddy rice and brown rice, whereas the minor QTLs were detected only occasionally. The QTL located in the interval of RG393-C1087 on chromosome 3 is the major locus for grain length, and the one in the interval RG360-C734a on chromosome 5 plays a major role in determining grain width. Similarly, white belly, which largely determines the opacity of the endosperm, is almost entirely controlled by a major locus on chromosome 5, located in the same genomic region as the major QTL for grain width. The implications of the results with respect to hybrid rice improvement were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051549
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A correction function to determine the β-fusion heat in a mixture of α- and β-PP (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 61 (2000), S. 757-762 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: α- and β-PP blends ; β-fusion heat ; DSC analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Blends of known amounts of α- and β-PP crystals were prepared from pure α- and pure β-PPsamples. Their fusion behaviours were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The fusion heats of the α- and β-crystals were approximated from the DSC curves and compared with those calculated on the basis of the compositions of the blends. A correction function was found which improved the accuracy of the respective fusion heats significantly from the DSC analysis. The correction function can be used to determine the respective fusion heats of a PP sample which contains an unknown mixture of the α- and β-crystals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010180610460
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular divergence and hybrid performance in rice (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 1 (1995), S. 133-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: genetic distance ; heterosis ; Oryza sativa ; restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) ; simple sequence repeat (SSR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between genetic distance of the parents based on molecular markers and F1 performance in a set of diallel crosses involving eight commonly used parental lines in hybrid rice production. The F1s and their parents were measured for five traits including heading date, plant height, straw weight, grain yield and biomass. The parental lines were assayed for DNA polymorphisms using two classes of markers: 140 probes for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and 12 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), resulting in a total of 105 polymorphic markers well spaced along the 12 rice chromosomes. SSRs detected more polymorphism than RFLPs among the eight lines. A cluster analysis based on marker genotypes separated these eight lines into three groups which agree essentially with the available pedigree information. Correlations were mostly low between general heterozygosity based on all the markers and F1 performance and heterosis. In contrast, very high correlations were detected between midparent heterosis and specific heterozygosity based on the markers that detected significant effects for all the five traits; these correlations may have practical utility in predicting heterosis. The analyses also suggest the existence of two likely heterotic groups in the rice germplasm represented by these eight lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01249698
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and mechanical properties of fibers from blends of a liquid crystalline polymer and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 1531-1542 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The domain morphology and mechanical properties of fibers spun from blends of a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer, Vectra A-900, and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) have been studied across the entire composition range. The PET phase was removed by etching to reveal fibrillar LCP domains in the blends of all compositions. The 0.5μm fibril appeared to be the basic structural entity of the LCP domains. A primary effect of composition was the change from discontinuous fibrils when the composition was 35 and 60% by weight LCP to continuous fibrils when the composition was 85 and 96% LCP. This transition had major ramifications on the mechanical properties: the modulus increased abruptly between 60 and 85% LCP, and a change in the fracture mode from brittle fracture to a splitting mode was accompanied by an increase in fracture strength. Different models were required to describe the mechanical properties of the discontinuous and continuous fibril morphologies. Analytic models for short aligned fibers of Nielsen, and Kelly and Tyson were applicable when the LCP fibrils were discontinuous, while modulus and strength of blend fibers with continuous LCP fibrils were discribed by the rule of mixtures.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070440905
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ductility of filled polymers (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 243-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ductility of a calcium carbonate-filled amorphous copolyester PETG in a uniaxial tensite test was examined as a fiction other filler volume fraction. A ductile-to-quasibrittle transition occurred as the volume fraction of filler increased. This transition was from propragation of a stable neck through the entire gauge length of the specimen to fracture in the neck without propagation. The draw stress (lower yield stress) did not depend on the filler content and was equal to the draw stress of the unfilled polymer. It was therefore possible to use a simply model to predict the dependence of the fracture strain on the filler volume fraction. It was proposed that when the fracture strain decreases to the draw strain of the polymer the fracture mechanism changes and the fracture strain drops sharply. The critical filler content at which the fracture mode changes is determined primarily by the degree of strain-hardening of the polymer. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520211
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PVC/MBS blends with small concentrations of PET: Failure processes in thin films during uniaxial tension (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 285-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of small concentrations of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) particles on the failure of poly(vinyl chloride), blended with a (methacrylate-butadiene-styrene) impact modifier (PVC/MBS) were studied. The failure processes arising from isolated and interacting particles were observed in situ in the optical microscope during tensile deformation. At low PET content ( 〈 0.5%), voids grew around individual particles without particle-particle interaction. Subsequently, a stable neck developed, and the material experienced relatively large deformation before fracture. With increasing PET content and increasing particle size, particle-particle interactions were observed. At higher PET content (≥ 1%), the neck was not stable and fracture occurred during neck formation. Materials with larger particles exhibited neck instability and fracture at lower PET content. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520214
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractography and failure mechanisms of particulate-filled thermoplastic polyester (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 269-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fractography has been used for the postfailure analysis of a filled thermoplastic polyester. The five fracture modes that were previously defined on the basis of macroscopic stress-strain behavior were distinguished by certain fractrographic features. These features were characteristic of the fracture mode and did not depend on filler type or filler content. The Mode A ductile fracture surface consisted of two regions: a pullout region of slower crack growth and a rosette region of faster crack growth. The Mode B ductile fracture surface contained only a ductile pull out texture. The Mode C quasi-brittle fracture surface exhibited secondary fracture features that sometimes included the herringbone pattern. The Mode D quasi-brittle fracture surface consisted of a stress-whitened dimple region and a brittle fracture region. The Mode E Fracture surface exhibited primarily the rough texture characteristic of brittle fracture. The failure mechanisms inferred from analysis of the fracture surfaces confirmed a microscopic failure model of the ductile-to-quasi-brittle transition in filled PETG that is based on the strain-hardening strength of the polymer ligaments between debonded filler particles. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520213
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