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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoperiodic control of growth, cold acclimation and dormancy development in silver birch (Betula pendula) ecotypes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 117 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Survival and growth of temperate zone woody plants under changing seasonal conditions is dependent on proper timing of cold acclimation and development of vegetative dormancy, shortening photoperiod being an important primary signal to induce these adaptive responses. To elucidate the physiological basis for climatic adaptation in trees, we have characterized photoperiodic responses in the latitudinal ecotypes of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) exposed to gradually shortening photoperiod under controlled conditions. In all ecotypes, shortening photoperiod triggered growth cessation, cold acclimation and dormancy development, that was accompanied by increases in endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and decreases in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). There were distinct differences between the ecotypes in the rates and degrees of these responses. The critical photoperiod and the photoperiodic sensitivity for growth cessation varied with latitudinal origin of the ecotype. The northern ecotype had a longer critical photoperiod and a greater photoperiodic sensitivity than the southern ecotype. Compared with the southern ecotypes, the northern ecotype was more responsive to shortening photoperiod, resulting in earlier cold acclimation, dormancy development, increase in ABA content and decrease in IAA content. However, at the termination of the experiment, all the ecotypes had reached approximately the same level of cold hardiness (−12 to −14°C), ABA content (2.1–2.3 µg g−1 FW) and IAA content (17.2–20.3 ng g−1 FW). In all ecotypes, increase in ABA levels preceded development of bud dormancy and maximum cold hardiness. IAA levels decreased more or less parallel with increasing cold hardiness and dormancy, suggesting a role of IAA in the photoperiodic control of growth, cold acclimation and dormancy development in birch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2003.00002.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold acclimation in silver birch (Betula pendula). Development of freezing tolerance in different tissues and climatic ecotypes (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 116 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A number of environmental cues including short day photoperiod (SD) and low temperature (LT) are known to interact in triggering growth cessation, cold acclimation and other adaptive responses in temperate-zone tree species. Proper timing of these responses is particularly important for survival of trees in the boreal and subarctic regions. Therefore, we used a northern tree species, silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) as an experimental model to investigate the effect of SD and LT on development of freezing tolerance and on levels of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) in short-term experiments under controlled conditions. We characterized differences in SD and LT-induced cold acclimation between three different climatic ecotypes from southern, central and northern habitats. The results demonstrated that cold acclimation was rapidly triggered by exposing the plants to SD or LT, and that a combination of the different treatments had an additive effect on freezing tolerance. Freezing tolerance induction was not uniform in the different tissues, the buds and leaves developed freezing tolerance more rapidly than the stem, and the young leaves had a higher freezing tolerance than the old leaves. The ability of the leaves to respond to SD and LT and similarity of the bud and leaf responses indicate that birch leaves provide a rapid and convenient system for studies on molecular mechanisms of cold acclimation. Development of freezing tolerance was dependent on the climatic ecotype, the northern ecotype was clearly more responsive to both SD and LT than the two more southern ecotypes. Development of freezing tolerance induced by SD and LT was accompanied by transient changes in ABA levels. These alterations in ABA levels were ecotype-dependent, the northern ecotype reacting more strongly to the environmental cues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1160406.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological responses to drought and shade in two contrasting Picea asperata populations (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The responses of photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid membrane peroxidation of two contrasting Picea asperata Mast. populations to 30% of full sunlight (shade) and full sunlight (sun) were investigated under well-watered and drought conditions. Two contrasting populations were from the wet and dry climate regions in China, respectively. For both populations tested, drought resulted in lower needle relative water content (RWC), CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and effective PSII quantum yield (Y), and higher non-photochemical quenching (qN), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and electrolyte leakage in sun plants, whereas these changes were not significant in shade plants. For the wet climate population, shade plants showed higher chlorophyll contents (Chla, Chlb and Chla + b) than sun plants under both well-watered and drought conditions. Our study results implied that shade, applied together with drought, ameliorated the detrimental effects of drought. On the other hand, compared with the wet climate population, the dry climate population was more tolerant to drought in the sun treatment, as indicated by less decreases in A and mass-based leaf nitrogen content (Nmass), more responsive stomata, greater capacity for non-radiative dissipation of excitation energy as heat (analysed by qN), and higher level of antioxidant enzyme activities as well as lower MDA content and electrolyte leakage. These results demonstrated that the different physiological strategies were employed by the P. asperata populations from contrasting climate regions when the plants were exposed to drought and shade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2005.00535.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive responses of Populus kangdingensis to drought stress (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 123 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We measured dry matter accumulation and allocation, photosynthesis, lipid peroxidation, osmotic adjustment, antioxidative defences and ABA content of Populus kangdingensis C. Wang et Tung under three different watering regimes (100%, 50% and 25% of the field capacity) to characterize the morphological, physiological and biochemical basis of drought resistance in woody plants. The results showed that drought stress caused pronounced inhibition of the growth and photosynthesis rate, and that the stomatal limitation to photosynthesis was dominant. The decrease in stomatal conductance effectively controlled water loss and increased water use efficiency. Drought also affected many physiological and biochemical processes, including increases in free proline, malondialdehyde and ABA content, and superoxide dismutase activity. On the other hand, the ABA content of leaves was significantly higher than that of stem and roots under all watering regimes; the high level of ABA in the leaf may result from the large import of ABA to leaves from other organs. These results demonstrate that there are a large set of parallel changes in the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses when plants are exposed to drought stress; these changes may enhance the capability of plants to survive and grow during drought periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2005.00477.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and physiological responses to drought and elevated ultraviolet-B in two contrasting populations of Hippophae rhamnoides (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the southeast of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China, sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), which is a thorny nitrogen-fixing deciduously perennial shrub, has been widely used in forest restoration as the pioneer species. In our study, two contrasting populations from the low and high altitudinal regions were employed to investigate the effects of drought, ultraviolet-B (UV-B) and their combination on sea buckthorn. The experimental design included two watering regimes (well watered and drought stressed) and two levels of UV-B (with and without UV-B supplementation). Drought significantly decreased total biomass, total leaf area and specific leaf area (SLA), and increased root/shoot ratio, fine root/coarse root ratio and abscisic acid content (ABA) in both populations. However, the high altitudinal population was more responsive to drought than the low altitudinal population. On the other hand, elevated UV-B induced increase in anthocyanins in both populations, whereas the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds occurred only in the low altitudinal population. The drought-induced enhancement of ABA in the high altitudinal population was significantly suppressed in the combination of drought and elevated UV-B. Moreover, significant drought × UV-B interaction was detected on total biomass in both populations, total leaf area and fine root/coarse root in the low altitudinal population, and SLA in the high altitudinal population. These results demonstrated that there were different adaptive responses between two contrasting populations, the high altitudinal population exhibited higher tolerance to drought and UV-B than the low altitudinal population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2005.00517.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population differences in water-use efficiency of Eucalyptus microtheca seedlings under different watering regimes (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 108 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Gas exchange, water-use efficiency (WUE), carbon isotope composition (Δ13C) and growth traits were compared among 5 populations of Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell. Seedlings grown from seed collected across the natural distribution of the species were maintained under water-stressed and well-watered conditions. Gas exchange was measured in terms of net photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E); WUE was measured in terms of instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEi) and transpiration efficiency (WUET); growth traits were measured in terms of total biomass (TB), root/shoot ratio (RS), and specific leaf area density (DEN). Significant differences in all traits were detected among the populations. Overall population variation was 1.68–2.50 and 1.48–2.26 μmol CO2 uptake per mmol H2O transpired (WUEi), 1.97–3.04 and 1.64–2.36 g dry matter accumulation per kg water transpired (WUET), and Δ13C was −28.81 to −26.75‰ and −30.56 to −30.04‰ under the water-stressed and well-watered conditions, respectively. In addition, WUEi, WUET and Δ13C were significantly correlated with A, E, RS, DEN and TB. The study indicated that measurement of WUE may be a useful trait for selecting genotypes with improved drought adaptation and biomass productivity under different environmental conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.108002134.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon isotope composition, water-use efficiency and biomass productivity of Eucalyptus microtheca populations under different water supplies (1999)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 214 (1999), S. 165-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Carbon isotope composition ; Drought stress ; Eucalyptus microtheca ; Plant growth ; Water-use efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Variation in carbon isotope composition (δ13C), water-use efficiency (WUE) and biomass productivity were compared among three populations of Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell. in a greenhouse. Seedlings were maintained under one well-watered (Control, keeping the soil at field capacity) and two different water deficit conditions (Drought stress I, keeping the same soil water content; Drought stress II, keeping the same soil water supply). In each treatment, significant population differences in δ13C, WUE, and dry matter accumulation and allocation were detected. A negative correlation between WUE and biomass productivity was detected under control and drought stress I, but a positive correlation under drought stress II. The results suggested that there were different water-use strategies among the populations, the southeastern population with lower WUE may employ a prodigal water-use strategy, whereas the northwestern and central populations with higher WUE may employ a conservative water-use strategy. This knowledge may be useful as criteria for genotype selection within a breeding program for this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004708815973
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  • 8
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    Methane concentrations and aerobic methane oxidation rates in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-06
    Description: We measured the methane concentrations and aerobic methane oxidation rates (MOx) in the seawater of East China Sea and Yellow Sea. Seawater samples were collected onboard "Dong Fang Hong 3" in April 2021 using a rosette system equipped with 24-liter Niskin bottles and a Seabird 911 CTD. Methane concentrations were measured using a purge-and-trap preconcentration method with a gas chromatography (Shimadzu GC-2014B) with a flame ionization detector. The rate constants of MOx and MOx rates were determined using a radiotracer approach through quantifying the conversion of added 3H-methane tracer to the oxidation product 3H-H2O.
    Keywords: A4; Aerobic methane oxidation; B1; B3; B4; B5; C2; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911; D1; D4; Date/Time of event; DFH-3_2021-04; DFH-3_2021-04_A4; DFH-3_2021-04_B1; DFH-3_2021-04_B3; DFH-3_2021-04_B4; DFH-3_2021-04_B5; DFH-3_2021-04_C2; DFH-3_2021-04_D1; DFH-3_2021-04_D4; DFH-3_2021-04_E4; DFH-3_2021-04_E6; DFH-3_2021-04_F4; DFH-3_2021-04_F5; DFH-3_2021-04_FJ1; DFH-3_2021-04_FJ2; DFH-3_2021-04_FJ5; DFH-3_2021-04_H1; DFH-3_2021-04_H11; DFH-3_2021-04_H12; DFH-3_2021-04_H13; DFH-3_2021-04_H2; DFH-3_2021-04_P2; DFH-3_2021-04_P3; DFH-3_2021-04_P4; DFH-3_2021-04_P5; DFH-3_2021-04_P6; DFH-3_2021-04_S1; DFH-3_2021-04_S2; DFH-3_2021-04_S3; DFH-3_2021-04_S4; DFH-3_2021-04_T1; DFH-3_2021-04_T2; DFH-3_2021-04_T4; Dong Fang Hong 3; E4; E6; East China Sea; Elevation of event; Event label; F4; F5; First order oxidation rate constant; FJ1; FJ2; FJ5; H1; H11; H12; H13; H2; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Methane; Methane oxidation rate; Optional event label; P2; P3; P4; P5; P6; Purge and trap gas chromatography; Radiotracer; S1; S2; S3; S4; T1; T2; T4; Yellow Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 96 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    LRCH1 deficiency enhances LAT signalosome formation and CD8+T cell responses against tumors and pathogens (2020)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-29
    Description: CD8+T cells play pivotal roles in eradicating pathogens and tumor cells. T cell receptor (TCR) signaling is vital for the optimal activation of CD8+T cells. Upon TCR engagement, the transmembrane adapter protein LAT (linker for activation of T cells) recruits other key signaling molecules and forms the “LAT signalosome” for downstream signal transduction. However, little is known about which functional partners could restrain the formation of the LAT signalosome and inhibit CD8+cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity. Here we have demonstrated that LRCH1 (leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology domain containing 1) directly binds LAT, reduces LAT phosphorylation and interaction with GRB2, and also promotes the endocytosis of LAT.Lrch1−/−mice display better protection against influenza virus andListeriainfection, with enhanced CD8+T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. Adoptive transfer ofLrch1−/−CD8+CTLs leads to increased B16-MO5 tumor clearance in vivo. Furthermore, knockout ofLRCH1in human chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that recognize the liver tumor-associated antigen glypican-3 could improve CAR T cell migration and proliferation in vitro. These findings suggest LRCH1 as a potential translational target to improve T cell immunotherapy against infection and tumors.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Different adaptive responses of leaf physiological and biochemical aspects to drought in two contrasting populations of seabuckthorn (2008)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-01
    Description: Two contrasting populations of seabuckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) from western China were employed to study their differences in adaptive responses to drought. The Daofu population was from a wetter upland climate region, whereas the Dingxi populations was from a drier lowland climate region. A completely randomized design with two factors, two populations and two watering regimes (100% and 25% of the soil water holding capacity), was used. In both populations, drought significantly decreased growth and the net photosynthesis rate (A), and significantly increased the root/shoot ratio (RS), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities, and abscisic acid (ABA) and proline contents. Compared with the Daofu population, drought induced a greater RS value, higher CAT, GPX, and APX activities, and a higher ABA content in the Dingxi population, whereas the gas exchange traits, for example, the stomatal limitation value (LS) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), were less responsive to drought in the Dingxi population. The two populations may have developed different strategies to tolerate drought, such as different pathways to dissipate excess absorbed light energy, to resist oxidative stress, and to keep water status. Such factors enable the Dingxi population to tolerate drought better than the Daofu population.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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