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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the gene urf13-T and an unidentified reading frame, ORF 25, in maize and tobacco mitochondria (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 457-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Nucleotide sequence ; Male-sterile cytoplasms ; Chloroplast insert
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have previously identified two large open reading frames, designated ORF13 and ORF25, in the Texas male-sterile cytoplasm (cms-T) of maize mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). ORF13 is a single copy gene of chimeric origin that is uniquely transcribed and translated in the mitochondria of cms-T maize, where it produces a polypeptide of approximately 13,000 Mr. The ORF13 reading frame does not occur in the maize N, C or S cytoplasms or Nicotiana tabacum. ORF25 exists as a single copy and is transcribed in the four major maize cytoplasms (N, T, C and S) and N. tabacum. The predicted ORF25 polypeptide has a molecular weight of 24,374 in normal maize and 22,439 in tobacco. Several nucleotide and predicted amino acid changes have occurred in the ORF25 gene among the four maize cytoplasms and N. tabacum. Properties such as transcription and conservation of the sequence between two diverse species suggests that ORF25 encodes a functional plant mitochondrial gene. The ORF25 sequence of maize contains a chloroplast DNA insert homologous to a tRNA-Arg gene; this chloroplast DNA insert is absent in the tobacco ORF25 sequence. Comparison of the ORF25 and ORF13 sequences in restored and non-restored cms-T indicates no differences in their nucleotide sequences. Thus fertility restoration does not alter the primary sequences of ORF13 or ORF25.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00434824
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ATPase subunit 6 gene of tobacco mitochondria contains an unusual sequence (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 475-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Plant mtDNA ; Mitochondrial genes ; Ribosome-binding site ; Upstream homology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have isolated and characterized the F0-ATPase subunit 6 gene (atp6) from tobacco mitochondria. The tobacco sequence exists as a single copy, is transcribed and contains an open reading frame (ORF) capable of encoding a peptide of 395 amino acids. The first 130 amino acids of the tobacco putative polypeptide show limited homology with the N terminus predicted for the maize ATPase subunit 6. Although poorly conserved at the sequence level, the tobacco and maize amino termini are hydrophilic and have a high percentage of charged amino acids. This portion of the predicted peptide may represent a presequence that is common to the ATPase subunit 6 of plants. Significant homology between tobacco and maize begins with amino acid 131, in a region that is highly conserved among fungal ATPase 6 subunits. In the remainder of the predicted protein, tobacco and maize share approximately 81% homology. A 41 by sequence and a 175 by conserved region found upstream from the tobacco atp6 coding region are homologous with sequence elements found in the 5′ flanking regions of other plant mitochondrial genes and may be important for regulation and expression of the atp6 gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00419555
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification in maize mitochondrial 26S rRNA of a short 5′-end sequence possibly involved in transcription initiation and processing (1989)
    Springer
    Current genetics 15 (1989), S. 207-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Primer extension ; S1 nuclease analysis ; AAUC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary By direct RNA mapping, we have identified the precise 5′ end of the maize mitochondria) 26S rRNA. The 5′ termini of the 26S rRNA are 17 and 18 nt downstream from the 5′ end predicted by Dale et al. (1984) from homology between the maize rRNA and E. coli large subunit ribosomal RNA. In addition, we have discovered a larger 26S species, presumably a 26S precursor, and precisely mapped its 5′ end. The maize mitochondrial rRNA genes are probably regulated by control regions that differ from those already characterized in other genomes: the maize mitochondrial 26S, 18S and 5S rRNAs lack sequences that resemble the promoter regions of genes from other mitochondria and bacteria. However, the mature and precursor rRNAs all contain a tetranucleotide, AAUC, at their 5′ ends (AAAC in the 5S rRNA). The sequence is also seen in the same position in several other plant mitochondrial mRNAs. We propose therefore that AAUC is a transcription or processing signal which is possibly unique to plant mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435507
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chimeric mitochondrial genes expressed in the C male-sterile cytoplasm of maize (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 475-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Cytoplasmic male sterility ; atp9 ; atp6 ; coxII ; Recombination ; Mitochondrial DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Aberrant recombinations involving the mitochondrial atp9, atp6 and coxII genes have created unique chimeric sequences in the C male0sterile cytoplasm (cms-C) of maize. An apparent consequence of the rearrangements is the interchanging of transcriptional and/or translational regulatory signals for these genes, and alterations in the reading frames encoding the atp6 and coxII genes in the C cytoplasm. Particularly unusual is the organization of the atp6 gene in cms-C mitochondria, designated atp6-C. The atp6-C sequence is a triple gene fusion product comprised of DNAs derived from atp9, atp6 and an open reading frame of unknown origin. Although there is no direct evidence indicating that these chimeric genes are responsible for the cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) trait, their novel arrangements and the strong correlation between these genes and the C type of male sterility suggest such a role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334775
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the mitochondrial genome of Nicotiana tabacum with its progenitor species (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 69 (1985), S. 535-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Nicotiana ; Progenitor species ; mtDNA ; Restriction endonuclease ; Cloned fragments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mitochondrial DNAs from Nicotiana tabacum, an amphiploid, and its putative progenitor species, N. sylvestris and N. tomentosiformis were compared in structure and organization. By using DNA transfer techniques and cloned fragments of known genes from maize and N. sylvestris as labeled probes, the positions of homologous sequences in restriction digests of the Nicotiana species were analyzed. Results indicate that the mitochondrial DNA of N. tabacum was inherited from N. sylvestris. Conservation in organization and sequence homology between mtDNAs of N. tabacum and the maternal progenitor, N. sylvestris, provide evidence that the mitochondrial genome in these species is evolutionarily stable. Approximately one-third of the probed restriction fragments of N. tomentosiformis mtDNA showed conservation of position with the other two species. Pattern variations indicate that extensive rearrangement of mtDNA has occurred in the evolution of these Nicotiana species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251100
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertility restoration and mitochondrial nucleic acids distinguish at least five subgroups among cms-S cytoplasms of maize (Zea mays L.) (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1985), S. 5-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cytoplasmic male sterility ; cms-S ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Double-stranded RNA ; Gametophytic restoration of fertility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Differences in fertility restoration and mitochondrial nucleic acids permitted division of 25 accessions of S-type male sterile cytoplasm (cms-S) of maize into five subgroups: B/D, CA, LBN, ME, and S(USDA). S cytoplasm itself (USDA cytoplasm) was surprisingly not representative of cms-S, since only two other accessions, TC and I, matched its mitochondrial DNA pattern. CA was the predominant subgroup, containing 18 of the 25 accessions. The B/D and ME subgroups were the most fertile and LBN the most sterile. The exceptional sterility of LBN cytoplasm makes it the most promising of the 25 cms-S accessions for the production of hybrid seed. The most efficient means of quantifying the fertility of the subgroups was analysis of pollen morphology in plants having cms-S cytoplasm and simultaneously being heterozygous for nuclear restorer-of-fertility (Rf) genes. This method took advantage of the gametophytic nature of cms-S restoration. The inbred NY821LERf was found to contain at least two restorer genes for cms-S. Fertility differences were correlated with mitochondrial nucleic acid variation in the LBN, ME, and S (USDA) subgroups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278246
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasmid-like DNAs associated with mitochondria of cytoplasmic male-sterile Sorghum (1982)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 186 (1982), S. 180-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plasmid-like, linear DNAs were detected in preparations of mitochondrial DNA from cytoplasmic male-sterile sorghum. Designated N-1 and N-2, the DNAs exhibited molecular sizes of ca. 5,700 and 5,300 bp, respectively. The DNAs occurred in only the IS1112C entry among 24 entries examined. Electron microscopy of the DNAs indicated that the molecules were linear as isolated. Nick translation of N-1 and N-2 followed by membrane hybridization indicated substantial homology between the two DNAs, and some homology to the S-1 and S-2 maize plasmid-like DNAs. At least four additional DNA species, ranging from ca. 1,000–4,000 bp if linear, were also detected in sorghum mitochondrial DNA. The detection of plasmid-like DNAs in sorghum, with homology to the plasmid-like DNAs of maize, suggests an etiological relationship of the molecules to the inheritance and expression of cytoplasmic male sterility in sorghum, perhaps in a manner analogous to the postulated role of these elements in maize.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331848
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization of mitochondrial DNA in normal and texas male sterile cytoplasms of maize (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 319-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: maize ; mitochondrial DNA ; recombinant DNA ; cms-T ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Recombinant DNA and hybridization techniques have been used to compare the organization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from normal (N) and Texas male sterile (T) cytoplasms of maize. Bam H1 restriction fragments of normal mtDNA were cloned and used in molecular hybridizations against Southern blots of Bam H1 digested N and T mtDNA. Fifteen of the 35 fragments were conserved in both N and T as indicated by hybridization to comigrating bands in their restriction patterns. Only three fragments produced autoradiographs whose differences could reasonably be attributed to single changes in the cleavage site of the enzyme while approximately half (17/35) of the clones resulted in more complicated differences between N and T. The autoradiographs produced by these 17 clones indicated multiple cleavage site changes and/or sequence rearrangements of the mtDNA. Patterns of six of these 17 clones indicated partial duplication of the sequence and two showed variation in the intensity of hybridization between N and T, which may be related to the molecular heterogeneity phenomenon found in maize mitochondrial genomes. The large proportion of changes observed between N and T mtDNA indicates that rearrangements may have played an important role in the evolution of the maize mitochondrial genome.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020402
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombinant DNA analysis indicates that the multiple chromosomes of maize mitochondria contain different sequences (1979)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 363-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: maize ; mitochondrial DNA ; recombinant DNA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Twenty-eight Bam H 1 restriction fragments were isolated from normal mitochondrial DNA of maize by recombinant DNA techniques to investigate the organization of the mitochondrial genome. Each cloned fragment was tested by molecular hybridization against a Bam digest of total mitochondrial DNA. Using Southern transfers, we identified the normal fragment of origin for d each clone. Twenty-three of the tested clones hybridized only to the fragment from which the clone was derived. In five cases, labeling of an additional band indicated some sequence repetition in the mitochondrial genome. Four clones from normal mitochondrial DNA were found which share sequences with the plasmid-like DNAs, S-1 and S-2, found in S male sterile cytoplasm. The total sequence complexity of the clones tested is 121×106 d (daltons), which approximates two thirds of the total mitochondrial genome (estimated at 183×106 d).Most fragments do not share homology with other fragments, and the total length of unique fragments exceeds that of the largest circular molecules observed. Therefore, the different size classes of circular molecules most likely represent genetically discrete chromosomes in a complex organelle genome. The variable abundance of different mitochondrial chromosomes is of special interest because it represents an unusual mechanism for the control of gene expression by regulation of gene copy number. This mechanism may play an important role in metabolism or biogenesis of mitochondria in the development of higher plants.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020010409
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  • 10
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    Nucleotide sequence of F0-ATPase proteolipid (subunit 9) gene of maize mitochondria (1985)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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