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  • 1
    ISSN: 1572-9737
    Keywords: assignment test ; effective population size ; gene flow ; habitat fragmentation ; microsatellite DNA markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of 155 individuals with seven polymorphicmicrosatellite DNA markers showed significant genetic differentiationbetween the only three remaining subpopulations of the globally,critically-endangered Taita thrush. Small, recently-disturbedsubpopulations such as studied here may violate the assumptions ofmutation-drift and gene flow-drift equilibrium inherent to mostpopulation genetic tools that estimate gene flow. We thereforeidentified putative dispersers using two recently-developed assignmenttests based on individual genotypes. Previous-generation and currentmigration rates between any two subpopulations were estimated at one andzero individuals per generation, respectively. Strong congruence withnon-genetic estimates of between-fragment dispersal provided indirectevidence for the accuracy of the assignment test. From a conservationperspective, the available demographic and genetic data suggest asubstantial threat to the long-term survival of at least the smallestsubpopulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 136 (1995), S. 291-294 
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Reihe heftiger Stürme reduzierte im Januar 1990 und November 1993 in einem Kiefernwald nahe Antwerpen die Zahl überlebender Haubenmeisen beträchtlich. Von individuell gekennzeichneten Vögeln wurden unmittelbar nach einem Sturm 1990 2 von 29 (7 %) und 1993 12 von 78 (15 %) wieder kontrolliert. In beiden Jahren tauchten aber Standvögel der Population in der Umgebung auf. Rückkkehr ins ehemalige Revier oder Ansiedlung in einem verwaisten mag von der Kosten-Nutzen-Relation des Heimkehrverhaltens in Verbindung mit dem Zeitpunkt von Sturm und Stadium des Territorialverhaltens bestimmt sein. Seit 1990 wurden alle wieder kontrollierten Vögel in Abständen etwa senkrecht zur Hauptwindrichtung wiedergefunden. Ich vermute, daß die Stürme Dipersion erzwangen, die ähnlich wie Irruptionen durch Hormonsekretion ausgelöst werden.
    Notes: Abstract In January 1990 and November 1993, a series of heavy storms dramatically reduced the number of locally-surviving Crested Tits in a pine forest near Antwerp (Belgium). The number of individually-marked residents, resighted immediately after the storms, was 2 of 29 (7 %; 1990) and 12 of 78 (15 %; 1993). Both in 1990 and 1993, a number of residents was resighted in adjacent areas, and I argue that their choice to return to the former territory or settle in a vacant one depended on the costs and benefits of homing behaviour in relation to the timing of the storm and territoriality. Since in 1990, all resighted birds were found scattered in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction, I suggest that storms cause forced dispersal, similar to irruptive migration, which could be triggered by hormone secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 33 (1993), S. 79-85 
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Winter flocks of crested tits Parus cristatus, typically consisting of two adults and one or two non-kin 1st-year birds, were observed to split up into subflocks in a way related to ambient temperature. On warm days, when they were foraging in subflocks without 1 st-year birds, alpha males always occupied the most preferred upper foraging sites, as expected from their top dominance rank. On cold days, when foraging in flocks with 1st-year birds, 8 out of 13 alpha males shifted to lower (less preferred) positions below their alpha mates while allowing the latter to forage at the best sites. As enhanced access to preferred microsites on days with high energy stress is believed to increase overwinter survival probability, this shifting behaviour of alpha males can be considered as a form of mate care. Out of 13 alpha males, however, 5 did not shift and always occupied the best foraging sites irrespective of flock composition. As (i) these non-shifting males were in poorer physical condition than shifting males, (ii) they scanned significantly less for predators than either females or shifting males when foraging in the uppermost tree parts, and (iii) four out of five non-shifting males were replaced by immigrants in early spring, absence of mate care during winter may be caused by constraints due to condition. High-quality-territory owners in poor condition at the end of autumn were most vulnerable to replacement by immigrants. Therefore, as four out of five replacements affected high-quality territories, selective intrusion by immigrants is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 35 (1994), S. 431-436 
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Time-saving mechanisms ; Nest-building Condition ; Cost-benefit ; Parus cristatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In a population of crested tits in Belgium, one out of three breeding males participated in nest-building. Since variation in the amount of nest-building among 11 building males was low, analysis of male nest-building allowed a logistic regression design. The probability of building increased with male condition and for late nests. The effect of male condition decreased with date, and date was the only factor predicting nest-building for repeat broods. The effect of male condition on nest-building suggests that building entails important costs for males. Based on correlative data, we argue that building by males shortens the interval between the start of nest-building and the onset of egg-laying by about 5 days. Since clutch size, incubation and nestling time did not differ between early and late broods, male nest-building apparently affects fledging date. Since early fledgers (early dispersers) are more likely to settle in future winter flocks, building behaviour by crested tit males should be favoured by natural selection. So far, male nest-building in hole-breeding birds might have been overlooked due to the widespread use of artificial nest-boxes in behavioural studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Teyssier, Aimeric; Lens, Luc; Matthysen, Erik; White, Joël (2018): Dynamics of gut microbiota diversity during the early development of an avian host: evidence from a cross-foster experiment. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 1524, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01524
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Despite the increasing knowledge on the processes involved in the acquisition and development of the gut microbiota in model organisms, the factors influencing early microbiota successions in natural populations remain poorly understood. In particular, little is known on the role of the rearing environment in the establishment of the gut microbiota in wild birds. Here we examined the influence of the nesting environment on the gut microbiota of Great tits (Parus major) by performing a partial cross-fostering experiment during the intermediate stage of nestling development. We found that the cloacal microbiota of great tit nestlings underwent substantial changes between 8 and 15 days of age, with a strong decrease in diversity, an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and a shift in the functional features of the community. Second, the nesting environment significantly influenced community composition, with a divergence among separated true siblings and a convergence among foster siblings. Third, larger shifts in both microbiota diversity and composition correlated with lower nestling body condition. Our results shed new light on the dynamics of microbial diversity during the ontogeny of avian hosts, indicating that the nest environment continues to shape the gut microbiota during the later stages of nestling development and that the increase in gut diversity between hatching and adulthood may not be as linear as previously suspected. Lastly, the microbiota changes incurred during this period may have implications for nestling body condition which can lead to long-term consequences for host fitness.
    Keywords: Belgium; BIO; Biology; Boshoek; Northern Belgium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Belgium; BIO; Biology; Class; Family; Genus; Kingdom; NBelgium; Number of observations; Order; ORDINAL NUMBER; Phylum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 122840 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Area/locality; Belgium; BIO; Biology; Category; DATE/TIME; Identification; Index; NBelgium; ORDINAL NUMBER; Ratio; Sample code/label; Season; Sex
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4895 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Belgium; BIO; Biology; Category; NBelgium; Number of observations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 111671 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Belgium; BIO; Biology; Boshoek; Category; DATE/TIME; Experiment; Identification; Length; Mass; Northern Belgium; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2524 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Belgium; BIO; Biology; Boshoek; Class; Family; Genus; Northern Belgium; Number of observations; Order; ORDINAL NUMBER; Phylum; Species
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 356328 data points
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