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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 6246-6253 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Up to now tunneling rates in bound systems have been obtained primarily by semiclassical or wave packet calculations. A new accurate quantum time-independent method is presented. Those irregular eigenfunctions of bound systems which diverge asymptotically, but upon complex scaling of coordinates X→X exp(iaitch-theta) become square integrable functions and are associated with complex eigenvalues are found to describe barrier penetration processes. The imaginary part of each of the complex eigenvalues of the complex scaled Hamiltonian contains the tunneling decay rate provided that the Balslev–Combes rotation angle is large enough. The appearance of a critical value aitch-thetac as the rotational angle aitch-theta is varied, at which a sharp transition from a real energy spectrum of the bound system to a complex eigenvalue spectrum is an indication of an exponential decay through the potential barrier. Tunneling in multiple barrier problems is important in several areas of physics and chemistry, including isomerization reactions, Josephson junction superconductors, electron tunneling from a 1D metallic lattice under the influence of a uniform electric field (field emission), and tunneling in the EF 1Σg state of molecular hydrogen. Several representative numerical examples are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 3562-3569 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Time-independent methods which were recently developed [J. Chem. Phys. 91, 6246 (1989); 93, 3413 (1990)] to calculate tunneling rates in bound systems are applied to a two-dimensional symmetrical double-well surface proposed by Makri and Miller [J. Chem. Phys. 86, 1451 (1987)] to describe intramolecular H-atom transfer. The methods are based on exterior complex scaling either with basis-set expansions or with an iterative multichannel propagation and matching procedure. Exterior complex scaling is used to identify the initial well (characterized by an unscaled reaction coordinate) and the final well (with a complex-scaled reaction coordinate). The quantized energies of the system become complex, with imaginary parts providing the rates.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 8601-8605 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new expression for a thermal reaction rate is derived. It is based on the flux–flux correlation function approach and a finite basis set representation but differs from the Miller–Schwartz–Tromp (MST) formulation [J. Chem. Phys. 79, 4889 (1983)] by substitution of time dependent sine functions by parameter dependent Lorentzians. Then we apply Padé extrapolation procedure to eliminate the parameter. This operation replaces the search for stability of the time dependent rate in the MST approach. The convergence of the method is checked on the one dimensional Eckart barrier as an illustrative example.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 3509-3515 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New computational techniques for calculation of cumulative reaction probabilities, N(E), are suggested. They are based on the expression of N(E) through the imaginary part of the Green function G [Seideman and Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 96, 4412 (1992)]. We use three methods to overcome numerical problems arising from branch cuts of G located along the real positive energy axes, addition of constant imaginary part iε to the Hamiltonian, addition of unoptimized optical potentials of the form iλ||s|| or iλ||s||2, and complex rotation of the reaction coordinate s→s⋅exp(icursive-theta). When N(E,u) is calculated on a grid of values of the numerical parameter u (u being ε, λ, or cursive-theta), Padé analytical continuation to their zero values gives correct energy dependence of N(E). The method makes it possible to save computer time by using unoptimized parameters of the optical potential or of the complex scaling when calculating N(E,u). Test calculations on a one dimensional Eckart barrier and a model H+H2(ν=1) potential which supports a quasibound state have shown high accuracy and convergence of the method with respect to Padé input parameters.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 8307-8313 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the basis of Miller–Schwartz–Tromp [J. Chem. Phys. 79, 4889 (1983)] formula for the flux autocorrelation function, and its derivation in hyperspherical coordinates by Park and Light [J. Chem. Phys. 94, 2946 (1991)], we study the sensitivity of the thermal rate constant, k(T), for a collinear transfer reaction calculated within the framework of the finite basis set approximation, to the position of the dividing surface between reactants and products, s0=ρα0. Illustrating 2D numerical examples of calculating k(T) for symmetric, H3, and nonsymmetric, Mu–H2 and Mu–D2, potential surfaces by optimizing the value of α0 are given. In all cases (symmetric and nonsymmetric potential surfaces) the optimal dividing surface has to be chosen such that dk(T)/dα0=0. For symmetric potential surfaces tan(2α0)=(mBM/mAmc)1/2, whereas, for highly nonsymmetric potential surfaces, the optimal dividing surface has to be chosen numerically. It is shown that with very limited basis set this numerical stationary solution may be associated with an inflection point rather than a minimum, and therefore k(T) is not necessarily an upper bound to the true thermal rate.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 9547-9552 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermal rate constants for a one-dimensional model of a reactive collision involving a transient resonance are calculated by using autocorrelation functions of the flux operator in a finite basis set representation [Miller, Schwartz, and Tromp (MST), J. Chem. Phys. 79, 4889 (1983)] and performing either integration over time (MST) or Pade extrapolation to zero of an energy parameter [Lefebvre, Ryaboy, and Moiseyev, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 8601 (1993)]. The two procedures prove to be equally successful. We observe that in the time dependent approach, the correlation function of the reactive flux operator shows, as expected, damped oscillations with a period which slightly depends on the temperature. However, these oscillations are decaying on a time scale that is significantly shorter than the resonance lifetime. This finding shows that the flux–flux correlation function approach is applicable to calculations of thermal rate constants for reactions which proceed via formation of intermediate complexes as well as to studies of short time direct reactive processes.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 1 (1967), S. 403-419 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La fonction d'onde d'un système à n électrons dans la méthode Hartree-Fock généralisée (EHF) est définie (Löwdin, Phys. Rev. 97, 1509 (1955)) comme le meilleur déterminant de Slater construit de spin-orbitales d'une flexibilité complète et projeté sur un sous-espace de symmétrie correcte. On compare cette fonction à l'interaction de configurations équivalente pour l'état 1S d'un atome à deux électrons. On démontre qu'il existe dans ce cas-ci un nombre infini de solutions du problème variationnel avec des énergies inférieures à celles de la fonction Hartree-Fock ordinaire, et avec des spin-orbitales satisfaisant à toutes les conditions de l'extrémum. On présente deux méthodes pour obtenir les spin-orbitales EHF. Une application à l'état fondamental de l'hélium avec une base contenant 4(s), 3(p0, 2(d0)) et 1(f0) orbitales de Slater donne 90% de l'énergie de corrélation.
    Abstract: Die verallgemeinerte Hartree-Fock Funktion eines Systems mit n Elektronen ist als die beste projizierte Slaterdeterminante, die aus vollständig allgemeinen Einelektronfunktionen gebaut ist (Löwdin, Phys. Rev. 97, 1509 (1955)). Die Konfigurationswechselwirkungsfunktion, die zu einer verallgemeinerten Hartree-Fock Funktion äquivalent ist, wird für den 1S Zustand eines Zweielektronenatoms diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass in diesem Falle unendlich viele Lösungen des Variationsproblems existieren, die tiefere Energien als die gewöhnliche Hartree-Fock Funktion haben. Zwei Lösungsmethoden werden beschriebn. Mit einer Basis von 4(s), 3(p0), 2(d0) und 1(f0) Slaterorbitalen wird 90% der Korrelationsenergie des Heliumatoms im Grundzustand erhalten.
    Notes: The extended Hartree-Fock (EHF) wave function of an n-electron system is defined (Löwdin, Phys. Rev. 97, 1509 (1955)) as the best Slater determinant built on one-electron spin orbitals having a complete flexibility and projected onto an appropriate symmetry subspace. The configuration interaction equivalent to such a wavefunction for the 1S state of a two-electron atom is discussed. It is shown that there is in this case an infinite number of solutions to the variational problem with energies lower than that of the usual Hartree-Fock function, and with spin orbitals satisfying all the extremum conditions. Two procedures for obtaining EHF spin orbitals are presented. An application to the ground state of Helium within a basic set made up of 4(s), 3(p0), 2(d0) and 1 (f0) Slater orbitals has produced 90% of the correlation energy.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1961-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1960-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1964-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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