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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the movements of the zander, Lucioperca lucioperca L., population of two lowland fisheries (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 16 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. A total of 495 zander, Lucioperca lucioperca L., were marked using two types of tag and released into two lowland English fisheries. A totai of 168 recaptures were recorded and this provided information on zander movements. Zander populations were found to consist of two components, those which moved very little and those which wandered more widely. No relation was noted between zander size and distance or rate of movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1985.tb00080.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further Aids to the Reconstruction of Digested Prey Lengths (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 12 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Studies of the feeding of the zander (Stizostedion lucioperca L.) required a method of reconstructing digested prey lengths. A linear relationship between pharyngeal bone dimensions and prey fork lengths of roach (Rutilis rutilis L.) and common bream (Abramis brama L.) were determined. For unidentified prey and fish species lacking pharyngeal bones, a scale based on the percentage change in length with stage of digestion was employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1981.tb00017.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disruption mitigation studies in DIII-D : The 40th annual meeting of the division of plasma physics of the american physical society (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 1872-1879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Data on the discharge behavior, thermal loads, halo currents, and runaway electrons have been obtained in disruptions on the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8, 2A 441 (1985)]. These experiments have also evaluated techniques to mitigate the disruptions while minimizing runaway electron production. Experiments injecting cryogenic impurity "killer" pellets of neon and argon and massive amounts of helium gas have successfully reduced these disruption effects. The halo current generation, scaling, and mitigation are understood and are in good agreement with predictions of a semianalytic model. Results from "killer" pellet injection have been used to benchmark theoretical models of the pellet ablation and energy loss. Runaway electrons are often generated by the pellets and new runaway generation mechanisms, modifications of the standard Dreicer process, have been found to explain the runaways. Experiments with the massive helium gas puff have also effectively mitigated disruptions without the formation of runaway electrons that can occur with "killer" pellets. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873445
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-filter colorimetry in DIII–D to measure in situ erosion and deposition of plasma facing surfaces (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 5257-5261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Three-filter colorimetry has been introduced in the DIII–D tokamak to measure in situ the growth and the erosion of transparent wall coatings (a-C/B:H) in the divertor region. Colorimetry uses the interference of light on a transparent layer to measure the film thickness. The colorimetry setup at DIII–D consists of a light source, a black and white camera, and a filter wheel equipped with three broadband color filters. A white light source illuminates the area of interest. A picture with each filter is recorded and digitized. Thus the interference color of a semitransparent layer is measured and the film thickness is computed using the formalism of thin film optics. Since color cameras are more sensitive to neutron damage, a set of three filters was chosen which best matches the responsivity of a radiation-hardened B/W camera. In fact, one infrared filter and two visible filters are used. The three 2D camera images obtained from rotating the three filters into the line of sight of the camera are used to produce a 2D image of the change in film thickness due to the high flux of particles and power incident on the film during a diverted discharge. In a first measurement, the technique was used to measure the growth of a boron film in situ in the DIII–D tokamak. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146095
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The DIII-D lithium beam edge diagnostic system (abstract) : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4940-4940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We are installing a diagnostic system based on a neutral lithium beam to investigate plasma behavior in the edge region of DIII-D discharges [D. M. Thomas et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 61, 3040 (1990]. The system will provide neutral equivalent current densities of several mA/cm2 at beam energies from 5 to 30 keV, sufficient to penetrate several centimeters past the last closed flux surface in most of the DIII-D operating regime. Fluorescence of the beam atoms is induced by collisions with plasma particles and is a sensitive measure of the edge density behavior. The emitted 670.8-nm fluorescence is collected and coupled via fiber optics to a multichannel high-speed data acquisition system based on silicon diode detectors. Because of the favorable atomic properties of lithium (i.e., high electron impact excitation cross section, resonance wavelength well separated from Hα) we should be able to study density fluctuations in this region from an analysis of the associated fluctuations in the beam fluorescence. A description of the installed diagnostic, test stand measurements of intrinsic beam fluctuations and any initial operating experience on DIII-D will be presented. This work supported by U. S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG03-90ER5408 and Contract DE-AC03-89ER51114, which support does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of views expressed in this publication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143502
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Review of the Ecological Impact of the Introduction of the Zander (Stizostedion lucioperca L.) into Waters of the Eurasian Mainland (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 14 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A review of scientific literature published by workers from the Eurasian mainland, suggested that introductions of zander could lead to changes in the native fish fauna. However, such changes frequently coincide with changes in the habitat which may themselves have been partly responsible for the developments noted. It is suggested that a controlled study of the zander might enable a precise determination of the zander's ecological impact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1983.tb00065.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical calculations of temperature profiles over an urban heat island (1974)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 7 (1974), S. 39-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Nonlinear two-dimensional calculations have been carried out to estimate the temperature and velocity changes induced in air flowing over an urban heat island. Of particular interest is the destruction of a nocturnal inversion and the crossover to cooler temperatures aloft. Initial calculations for constant eddy diffusivity and constant rural velocity show good agreement with a linearized solution. Qualitatively similar results are obtained when appropriate vertical profiles are introduced for the eddy diffusivity and rural velocity. In these cases heating produces sufficient lifting of the air in the stable atmosphere that noticeable temperature crossover occurs. Additional calculations for the case in which the eddy diffusivity increases over the heat island yield greatly reduced vertical velocities; however, even greater temperature crossover can occur from the interaction of the diffusivity changes and the nocturnal inversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224971
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tritium in the DIII-D carbon tiles (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 12 (1993), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: tritium ; graphite ; tokamak ; DIII-D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The amount of tritium in the carbon tiles used as a first wall in the DIII-D tokamak was measured recently when the tiles were removed and cleaned. The measurements were made as part of the task of developing the appropriate safety procedures for processing of the tiles. The surface tritium concentration on the carbon tiles was surveyed and the total tritium released from tiles samples was measured in test bakes. The total tritium in all the carbon tiles at the time the tiles were removed for cleaning is estimated to be 15 mCi and the fraction of tritium retained in the tiles from DIII-D operations has a lower bound of 10%. The tritium was found to be concentrated in a narrow surface layer on the plasma facing side of the tile, was fully released when baked to 1000°C, and was released in the form of tritiated gas (DT) as opposed to tritiated water (DTO) when baked.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01059352
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cause and cure (?) of the spurious pressures generated by certain FEM solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations: Part 1 (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 1 (1981), S. 17-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Finite Element ; Navier-Stokes ; Incompressible Flows ; Penalty Methods ; Pressure Filters ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The spurious pressures and ostensibly acceptable velocities which sometimes result from certain FEM approximate solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are explained in detail. The concept of pressure modes, physical and spurious, pure and impure, is introduced and their effects on discretized solutions is analysed, in the context of both mixed interpolation and penalty approaches. Pressure filtering schemes, which are capable of recovering useful pressures from otherwise polluted numerical results, are developed for two particular elements in two-dimensions and one element in three-dimensions. Implications regarding the effect of spurious pressure modes on accuracy and ultimate convergence with mesh refinement are discussed and a list of unanswered questions presented. Sufficient numerical examples are discussed to corroborate the theory presented herein.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650010104
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cause and cure (!) of the spurious pressures generated by certain fem solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations: Part 2 (1981)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 1 (1981), S. 171-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Finite Element ; Navier-Stokes ; Incompressible Flows ; Penalty Methods ; Pressure Filters ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The spurious pressures and ostensibly acceptable velocities which sometimes result from certain FEM approximate solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are explained in detail. The concept of pressure modes, physical and spurious, pure and impure, is introduced and their effects on discretized solutions is analysed, in the context of mixed interpolation and penalty approaches. Pressure filtering schemes, which are capable of recovering useful pressures from otherwise polluted numerical results, are developed for two particular elements in two-dimensions and one element in three-dimensions. The automatic pressure filter associated with the penalty method is also explained. Implications regarding the effect of spurious pressure modes on accuracy and ultimate convergence with mesh refinement are discussed and a list of unanswered questions presented. Sufficient numerical examples are discussed to corroborate the theory presented herein.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650010206
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