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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel bioreactor for the biodegradation of inhibitory aromatic solvents: Experimental results and mathematical analysis (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 1403-1411 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: aromatic solvents ; bioreactor ; benzene ; toluene ; xylene ; biodegradation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A novel bioreactor for the biodegradation of toxic aromatic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes in liquid effluent stream, was developed. Silicon tubing was immersed in the completely mixed and aerated bioreactor, and liquid toluene as a model solvent was circulated within the tubing. Toluene diffused out of the tube wall and was transferred at high rate into the culture broth, where biodegradation occurred. The effect of operating parameters on the toluene transfer rate was investigated. During continuous operation, the biodegradation rate was considerably higher than those obtained using conventional methods. A mathematical model was established for continuous biodegradation, and simulation results coincided with the experimental results. The performance and operational criteria of the bioreactor were analyzed on the basis of both the experimental and simulation results. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260401115
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas putida for the simultaneous biodegradation of benzene, toluene, and p-xylene mixture (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 1146-1152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: biodegradation ; benzene ; toluene ; p-xylene ; hybrid strain ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: For the complete biodegradation of a mixture of benzene, toluene, and p―xylene (BTX), a critical metabolic step that can connect two existing metabolic pathways of aromatic compounds (the tod and the tol pathways) was determined. Toluate―cis-glycol dehydrogenase in the tol pathway was found to attack benzene―cis―glycol, toluene―cis―glycol, and p―xylene―cis―glycol, which are metabolic intermediates of the tod pathway. Based on this observation, a hybrid strain, Pseudomonase putida TB101, was constructed by introduction of the TOL plasmid pWW0 into P. putida F39/D, a derivative of P. putida F1, which is unable to transform cis―glycol compounds to corresponding catechols. The metabolic flux of BTX into the tod pathway was redirected to the tol pathway at the level of cis―glycol compounds by the action of toluate―cis―glycol dehydrogenase in P. putida TB101, resulting in the simultaneous mineralization of BTX mixture without accumulation of any metabolic intermediates. The profile of specific degradation rates showed a similar pattern as that of the specific growth rate of the microorganism, and the maximum specific degradation rates of benzene, toluene, and p-xylene were determined to be about 0.27, 0.86, and 2.89 mg/mg biomass/h, respectively. P. putida TB101 is the first reported microorganism that mineralizes BTX mixture simultaneously. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260431120
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation of nitrobenzene through a hybrid pathway in Pseudomonas putida (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 625-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: biodegradation ; nitrobenzene ; hybrid strain ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The biodegradation of nitrobenzene was attempted by using Pseudomonas putida TB 103 which possesses the hybrid pathway combining the tod and the tol pathways. Analysis of the metabolic flux of nitrobenzene through the hybrid pathway indicated that nitrobenzene was initially oxidized to cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3-nitrocyclohexa-3,5-diene by toluene dioxygenase in the tod pathway and then channeled into the tol pathway, leading to the complete biodegradation of nitrobenzene. A crucial metabolic step redirecting the metabolic flux of nitrobenzene from the tod to the tol pathway was determined from the genetic and biochemical studies on the enzymes involved in the tol pathway. From these results, it was found that toluate-cis-glycol dehydrogenase could convert cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3-nitrocyclohexa-3,5-diene to catechol in the presence of NAD+ with liberation of nitrite and the reduced form of NAD+ (NADH) into the medium. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260480610
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amplification of toluene dioxygenase genes in a hybrid Pseudomonas strain to enhance the biodegradation of benzene, toluene, and p-xylene mixture (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 488-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: biodegradation ; gene amplification ; hybrid strain ; benzene ; toluene ; xylene ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A hybrid metabolic pathway through which benzene, toluene, and p-xylene (BTX) mixture could be simultaneously mineralized was previously constructed in Pseudomonas putida TB101 (Lee, Roh, Kim, Biotechnol. Bioeng 43: 1146-1152, 1994). In this work, we improved the performance of the hybrid pathway by cloning the todC1C2BA genes in the broad-host-range multicopy vector RSF1010 and by introducing the resulting plasmid pTOL037 into P. putida mt-2 which harbors the archetypal TOL plasmid. As a result, a new hybrid strain, P. putida TB103, possessing the enhanced activity of toluene dioxygenase in the hybrid pathway was constructed. The degradation rates of benzene, toluene, and p-xylene by P. putida TB103 were increased by about 9.3-, 3.7-, and 1.4-fold, respectively, compared with those by previously constructed P. putida TB101. Apparently, this improved capability of P. putida TB103 for the degradation of BTX mixture resulted from the amplification of the todC1C2BA genes. Furthermore, a relatively long lag period for benzene degradation observed when P. putida TB101 was used for the degradation of BTX mixture at low dissolved oxygen (DO) tension disappeared when P. putida TB103 was employed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450605
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of L-DOPA(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine) from benzene by using a hybrid pathway (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 58 (1998), S. 339-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: L-DOPA(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine) ; hybrid pathway ; tyrosine phenol lyase ; toluene dioxygenase ; benzene ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: As an alternative approach to the production of L-DOPA from a cheap raw material, we constructed a hybrid pathway consisting of toluene dioxygenase, toluene cis-glycol dehydrogenase, and tyrosine phenol-lyase. In this pathway, catechol is formed from benzene through the sequential action of toluene dioxygenase and toluene cis-glycol dehydrogenase, and L-DOPA is synthesized from the resulting catechol in the presence of pyruvate and ammonia by tyrosine phenol-lyase cloned from Citrobacter freundii. When the hybrid pathway was expressed in E. coli, production of L-DOPA was as low as 3 mM in 4 h due to the toxic effect of benzene on the cells. In order to reduce lysis of cells, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was employed as an alternative, which resulted in accumulation of about 14 mM L-DOPA in 9 h, showing a stronger resistance to benzene. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 58:339-343, 1998.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
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    Preparation and characterization of coenzyme Q10-loaded PMMA nanoparticles by a new emulsification process based on microfluidization (2002)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0927-7757
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-4359
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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