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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BioControl 19 (1974), S. 267-277 
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les réponses fonctionnelles et numériques de 3 espèces de phytoseiides ont été observées pour des densités en proies allant de 10 à 300 acariens pour 6,45 cm2. Aux fortes densités les réponses des 3 espèces atteignent un plateau assez mal défini, très légèrement ascendant. Aucune des courbes correspondant aux réponses fonctionnelles ou numériques ne présente le dôme indiqué parHolling (1961) comme révélant une interférence croissante avec la prédation due à des densités en proies croissantes. Nous en concluons done qu'une courbe en forme de dôme ne traduit pas la réponse fonctionnelle ou numérique dans le cas de ces interactions phytoseiides-tetranyques et il n'y a pas d'empêchement à la suppression de densités élevées de tétranyques par ces 3 espèces de prédateurs.
    Notes: Abstract Functional and numerical responses of the predators:Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot,Metaseiulus occidentalis (Nesbitt), andAmblyseius chilenensis (Dosse) [Acarina, Phytoseiidae] were observed at prey (Tetranychus urticae Koch [Acarina, Tetranychidae]) densities up to 300 prey/6.45 cm2. Neither functional nor numerical response curves revealed any prey-predator interference effects, i.e.: the dome-shaped response curves (Holling, 1961), did not occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'efficacité de la protection des pommes contre le carpocapse,Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), par des applications du virus de la granulose deL. pomonella a été évaluée par des assais dans 4 vergers du Canada entre 1974 et 1978. Des pulvérisations contenant de 3×109 à 4×1010 granules/litre, appliquées 2 ou 3 fois par génération de larves du carpocapse des pommes, ont réduit les dommages aux pommes de 44 à 85% comparé à des réductions de 72 à 98% obtenues avec des pulvérisations d'azinphos-méthyl ou de phosmet. Les applications de virus n'ont pas réduit les populations d'arthropodes prédateurs d'insectes nuisibles et d'acariens.
    Notes: Abstract The protection of apples against damage by the codling moth,Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), by applications of the granulosis virus ofL. pomonella was assessed in apple orchard tests at 4 locations in Canada in 1974–1978. Sprays containing 3×109 to 4×1010 granules/litre, applied 2 or 3 times per generation of codling moth larvae, reduced injury to apples by 44 to 85% compared to reductions of 72 to 98% by applications of azinphos-methyl or phosmet. Applications of the virus did not reduce numbers of arthropods predaceous on pest insects and mites.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The life history ofAmblyseius chilenensis was studied in a laboratory at 16.4, 25 and 32 °C. The rates of development, prey consumption and oviposition varied directly with temperature. From the life history data the intrinsic rates of increase were determined to be 0.112, 0.287 and 0.307 at 16.4, 25 and 32° respectively. The net reproductive rates were 12.73, 29.09, 17.82 and the mean generation times were 22.72, 11.74 and 9.38 days at 16.4, 25 and 32° respectively.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: multiple parasitism ; intrinsic competition ; Cotesia glomeratus ; Cotesia rubecula ; Artogeia rapae ; Parasitisme multiple ; compétition interspécifique ; Cotesia glomeratus ; Cotesia rubecula ; Artogeia rapae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'endoparasite solitaireCotesia rubecula était supérieur à l'endoparasite grégaire,Cotesia glomeratus dans des tests de compétition interspécifique au niveau de leur hôteArtogeia rapae. Quand un œuf deC. rubecula était pondu dans l'hôte avant celui deC. glomeratus, C. rubecula gagnait toujours la compétition s'ensuivant. Quand un œuf deC. rubecula était déposé dans le même hôte dans les 48 heures après la ponte deC. glomeratus, C. rubecula l'emportait dans plus de 90% des interactions. Même quand l'œuf deC. rubecula était pondu dans le même hôte de 72 à 96 heures après la ponte deC. glomeratus, C. rubecula remportait la compétition approximativement dans les 33% des cas. Les implications de la compétition interspécifique sont discutées en relation avec l'établissement deC. rubecula dans un écosystème renfermantA. rapae etC. glomeratus.
    Notes: Abstract The solitary endoparasite,Cotesia rubecula, was superior to the gregarious endoparasite,Cotesia glomeratus, in tests of intrinsic competition for their hostArtogeia rapae. When an egg ofC. rubecula was oviposited in the host prior to those ofC. glomeratus, C. rubecula always won the ensuing competition. When an egg ofC. rubecula was laid in the same host within 48 h after oviposition byC. glomeratus, C. rubecula was successful in more than 90% of the interactions. Even when the egg ofC. rubecula was oviposited in the same host 72 to 96 h after oviposition byC. glomeratus, C. rubecula won the competition approximately 33% of the time. The implications of intrinsic competition are discussed in relation to the establishment ofC. rubecula in an ecosystem containingA. rapae andC. glomeratus.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Cydia pomonella ; granulosis virus ; apples ; microbiological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cydia pomonella (L.), un ravageur important du pommier dans les vergers canadiens, est sensible au virus de la granulose. Des essais en vergers utilisant deux préparations de ce virus en Ontario, oùC. pomonella présente deux generations par année, indiquent qu'il faudrait jusqu'à sept pulvérisations pour maintenir à moins de 40% la proportion de fruits portant des infestations larvaires. En Nouvelle Ecosse, oùC. pomonella ne compte qu'une seule génération par an, deux pulvérisations furent nécessaires, quoique dans certains cas une seule a suffi. Dans certains essais, le niveau de protection des fruits égalait celui fourni par les esters phosphoriques, l'azinphos-méthyle ou le phosmet. On discute des avantages des traitements sélectifs tels que le virus de la granulose en comparaison avec l'emploi des insecticides de grande polyvalence.
    Notes: Abstract Cydia pomonella (L.), a major pest of apples in Canadian orchards, is susceptible to a granulosis virus (CpGV). Orchard trials with different formulations of CpGV in Ontario, whereC. pomonella has two generations per year, indicated that as many as seven applications of virus would be needed to maintain the percentage of fruit with deep larval entries below 4%. In Nova Scotia, where there is only one generation ofC. pomonella per year, two applications of CpGV usually were needed although, in some cases, one sufficed. The protection of fruit conferred by CpGV equalled that by the organophosphate insecticides, azinphosmethyl or phosmet, in some tests. The advantages of a selective treatment, such as CpGV, over use of broad-spectrum insecticides are discussed.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 13 (1987), S. 113-122 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Trichogramma minutum ; Hymenoptera ; Trichogrammatidae ; Choristoneura fumiferana ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; moth scale ; kairomone ; mass rearing ; parasitism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The host-finding responses of the egg parasite,Trichogramma minutum Riley, reared from its natural host,Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) and a laboratory host,Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver), to hexane extracts of scales of these hosts were compared in laboratory experiments. When presented withC. fumiferana eggs on filter papers treated with hexane and hexane extract of grain moth scales, egg finding byT. minutum was random. When presented with budworm eggs on filter papers treated with hexane and hexane extract of budworm scales,T. minutum found significantly more eggs on extract-treated filter papers, indicating the presence of kairomones on the scales of spruce budworms.T. minutum responded to kairomone-treated patches with a localized search behavior characterized by intense antennal tapping, decreased locomotion and increased turning within the patch, and repeated returns to the patch. In the absence of successful host finding, this response slowly waned. No significant difference in behavior ofT. minutum reared on eitherC. fumiferana orS. cerealella was observed.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1972-07-01
    Print ISSN: 1438-3896
    Electronic ISSN: 1438-390X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
  • 9
    Publication Date: 1985-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
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