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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of inorganic and organic fertilization on soil microbial biomass, metabolic quotient and heavy metal bioavailability (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 371-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Organic fertilization ; Soil microbial biomass carbon ; Metabolic quotient ; Bioavailability ; Heavy metals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  We studied the long-term effects (12 years) of municipal refuse compost addition on the total organic carbon (TOC), the amount and activity of the microbial biomass (soil microbial biomass C, BC and metabolic quotient qCO2) and heavy metal bioavaiability in soils as compared to manuring with mineral fertilizers (NPK) and farmyard manure (FYM). In addition, we studied the relationships between among the available fraction [Diethylenetriaminopentacetic acid (DTPA) extractable] of heavy metals and their total content, TOC and BC. After 12 years of repeated treatments, the TOC and BC of control and mineral fertilized plots did not differ. Soils treated with FYM and composts showed a significant increase in TOC and BC in response to the increasing amounts of organic C added. Values of the BC/TOC ratio ranged from 1.4 to 2, without any significative differences among soil treatments. The qCO2 increased in the organic-amended soil and may have indicated microbial stress. The total amounts of metals in treated soils were lower than the levels permitted by the European Union in agricultural soils. DTPA-extractable metals increased in amended soils in response to organic C. A multiple regression analysis with stepwise selection of variables was carried out in order to discriminate between the influence exerted on DTPA-extractable metals by their total content, TOC and BC. Results showed that each metal behaved quite differently, suggesting that different mechanisms might be involved in metal bioavailability
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050506
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability and effects of heavy metals on soil microbial biomass survival during laboratory incubation (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 19 (1995), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Bioavailability ; CO2−C evolution ; Heavy metals ; Microbial biomass C ; Metabolic quotient ; Soil incubation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In this work we studied the influence of Pb, Zn, and Tl on microbial biomass survival and activity during a laboratory incubation of soil. In comparison to uncontaminated soil, the microbial biomass C decreased sharply in soil contaminated with Zn and Tl, whereas the addition of Pb did not have any significant inhibitory effect on the level of microbial biomass C. Zn displayed the greatest biocidal effect, confirmed by the measurement of the death rate quotient (q D). The microbial activity, measured as CO2 evolution, increased significantly in contaminated soils, emphasizing the need of living organisms to expend more energy to survive. The greater demand for energy by microorganisms in order to cope with the toxicity of pollutants was also confirmed by measurement of the metabolic quotient (q CO2). In order to determine whether soil microorganisms affect the bioavailability of these metals through their mobilization and release, we studied the relationships between available Pb, Zn, and Tl, and microbial biomass C. The water-soluble fraction of Tl, available Tl, and Zn, and microbial biomass C were related significantly, but not Pb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336144
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy metal bioaccumulation in lamb and sheep bred in smelting and mining areas of S.W. sardinia (Italy) (1991)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 46 (1991), S. 887-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01689734
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Municipal Waste Leachate on Seed Germination in Soil-Compost Mixtures (1999)
    Boston, MA, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Restoration ecology 7 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The goal of revegetation projects on degraded or polluted lands is to create a near-natural, stable, and quick-response ecosystem that does not require particular management after establishment and that is compatible with the surrounding landscape. Municipal waste compost (MWC) is commonly used in revegetation projects as a source of organic matter. The aim of this study was to investigate the germination percentage and average time of germination of 23 species (12 cultivated grasses and legumes and 11 native herbs) as affected by the leachates from soil, three different mixtures of soil-compost, and pure compost. The treatments influenced the average time of germination (ATG); legumes were the most affected species, followed by grasses and wild herbs. The percentage of germination of Festuca arundinacea was not affected by the presence of compost leachate, while Lolium multiflorum was the most sensitive species. A higher content of compost in the mixture caused a delay in germination of all the grasses. Most of the legumes were able to germinate in the leachate of the soil-compost mixtures, but their germination was delayed; Trifolium pratense had the highest sensitivity in terms of average time of germination. The native herbs Lepidium sativum, Matricaria chamomilla, and Sanguisorba officinalis germinated without any adverse effect when treated with leachate from high levels of MWC; the germination of Amaranthus cruentus was influenced by all levels of MWC in substrates, suggesting a high specific sensitivity for toxic components of leachate from MWC-soil mixtures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100X.1999.72007.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of cadmium and induced Cd-binding proteins in roots, stems and leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 77 (1991), S. 139-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Cd-binding protein ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; cadmium ; intercellular spaces ; tissues
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(91)90081-I
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous contents of heavy metals in soils and vegetation of a mine area in S.W. Sardinia, Italy (1989)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 48 (1989), S. 423-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Samples of soils and vegetation from the mining area of South-West Sardinia (Italy) were analyzed for Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu content. The area (more than 100 km2) is inhabited by many thousands of people; land utilization includes mainly grapes on some small plains and permanent sheep pasture on the hills. The levels of Pb, Zn, and Cd were found to be exceptionally high in most samples. Lead concentration was up to 71000 μg g−1 in the soils and 4000 jig g−1 in vegetation; Cd concentration was found up to 665 μg g−1 in soils and 26.5 μg g−1 in vegetation. The heavy metal content of some soil samples was highly variable. Data show that Pb is easily absorbed by plant roots and translocated to foliage. In spite of the high heavy metal level, no signs of toxicity were apparent in vegetation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283340
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the use of honey bees and honey bee products to assess heavy metals contamination (1996)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 43 (1996), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Experiment was carried out using 12 colonies of honey bees bred in hives located near an extraurban crossroad. We analyzed the Pb, Cd and Zn deposited on the bee's surfaces and the heavy metal accumulation in the foragers, dead bees, honey products and some environmental markers during nine weeks of the experiment. Results showed a large amount of Zn and Cd on the bee's surface as a consequence of atmospheric fallout, whereas Pb seems to be either water-extractable and/or likely accumulated in the body of the insect. Dead bees expelled from the hives displayed a progressive accumulation of all heavy metals during the experimental period. Royal jelly and honey contained large amounts of heavy metals. In particular, we found a linear relationship between Cd in the honey and that found in flowers of Trifolium pratense L. Results obtained suggested that honey bee products and the examined environmental markers may be considered useful parameters to assess the presence of environmental contaminants, whereas the measurements of heavy metals in the dead bees may be considered a suitable tool also to verify a possible dynamics of accumulation of pollutants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399566
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  • 8
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    Ferricyanide-humate formation (2003)
    EDP Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-05-01
    Print ISSN: 1155-4339
    Electronic ISSN: 1764-7177
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 9
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    ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR CARBOXYL GROUP DETERMINATION IN HUMIC SUBSTANCES (1990)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-08-01
    Description: A new precipitation titration method, employing cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+), is proposed for analysis of carboxyl groups of humic substances in solution. The method was tested with polyphenol-polycarboxylic acids standard solutions: recovery factors ranged from 0.94 to 1.09. Results obtained by performing precipitation of humic acids samples at pH = 9.8 and at 7.0 are compared with those obtained by the Ca-acetate method. The difference between the number of COOH per unit weight of humic preparation calculated by precipitation with CTA+ at pH = 7.0 and by the Ca-acetate exchange reaction ranged between 1 and 45%. In most samples overestimation of COOH groups by the Ca-acetate method appears to be higher than the mean relative error of the CTA+ precipitation method (5%). Key words: Carboxylic group determination, humic substances, cetyltrimethylammonium
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 10
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    Soil behaviour of metamitron in laboratory and lysimeter studies (1997)
    EDP Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0249-5627
    Electronic ISSN: 1297-9643
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by EDP Sciences
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