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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the mechanism of desorption from surfaces induced by electronic transitions (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 2388-2396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We analyze the mechanism by which positive ions and neutral species desorb from surfaces as a result of photon- or electron-beam induced electronic transitions. The system fluorine on aluminum is used as a prototype. We first present results of ab initio density-functional calculations of the potential energy curves of several charge states of fluorine on aluminum. We find that fluorine adsorbs as F−(2s22p6) and is strongly bound in the ground state. Valence (i.e., 2s22p5) and core (e.g., 2s12p6)-ionized states are, however, repulsive. F+(2s22p4) ions form bound states on Al but their adsorption energies are much smaller and their equilibrium distance is further out from the surface than those of F− ions. The difference in the bonding of positive and negative ions is ascribed to differences in the corresponding screening mechanisms. Screening of negative ions proceeds only by an image mechanism, while screening of positive ions can proceed by both image and charge–transfer mechanisms in which charge from the metal occupies the large-radius 3s and 3p orbitals of F. The resulting partially neutralized positive-ion states have reduced image attraction and increased electron kinetic energy (Pauli) repulsion. Franck–Condon transitions from the ground state populate the repulsive part of F+ potential energy curve and lead to efficient F+ desorption. F++ states are strongly bound and do not desorb. The same conclusions are reached by a more general analysis of the desorption of electronegative atoms from any metallic substrate, based on the concepts of effective medium theory. Finally, we discuss the applicability of our conclusions regarding the desorption of neutral and ionic fluorine to desorption of molecular adsorbates and also desorption from nonmetallic substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455082
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DECAY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI IN SOIL FOLLOWING THE APPLICATION OF BIOSOLIDS TO AGRICULTURAL LAND (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The decay of Escherichia coli in a sandy loam soil, amended with enhanced and conventionally treated biosolids, was investigated in a field experiment following spring and autumn applications of sewage sludge. Control soils, without the application of biosolids, were also examined to determine the background indigenous populations of E. coli which are present in the environment. The survival of indigenous E coli and populations of E coli applied to soil in biosolids, is assessed in relation to environmental factors influencing pathogen-decay processes in soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2003.tb00426.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relation between Calcium Ions and the Action of Serotonin on a Fundus Strip of the Rat (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 197 (1963), S. 293-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It was found that binding of calcium ions by sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (NaEDTA) (Na2H2-EDTA-2H2O) may lead to blocking of the action of serotonin on the isolated rat uterus. It is believed that serotonin acts by carrying calcium ions across the cell membrane of the smooth muscle ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/197293b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Chlorpromazine on Tissue Metabolism in vitro (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 185 (1960), S. 107-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In previous experiments we have seen that chlorpromazine as a tranquillizing drug can also enhance the acetylcholine content in the brain of rats3. Further results have confirmed the inhibitory effect of chlorpromazine (even in low doses of 1-10 pigm./ml.) on the rate of oxygen uptake in brain ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/185107a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New freezing protocols for human and rodent one-cell stages using dimethyl sulfoxide and propanediol
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cryobiology 25 (1988), S. 585 
    Details
    ISSN: 0011-2240
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(88)90522-6
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the conductance of a hydrogen molecule (2002)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 419 (2002), S. 906-909 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Recent years have shown steady progress towards molecular electronics, in which molecules form basic components such as switches, diodes and electronic mixers. Often, a scanning tunnelling microscope is used to address an individual molecule, although this arrangement does not provide long-term ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fine Structure of Blue-Green Algae (1968)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 22 (1968), S. 15-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.22.100168.000311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of three-dimensional flow structure out of two-dimensional steady flow field velocity measurements (1999)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 27 (1999), S. 351-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Two-dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to obtain a set of parallel vector maps in spanwise direction over the delta wing configuration ELAC. The out-of-plane velocity component is then constructed by application of continuity equation. This yields the whole three-dimensional separated flow field over the leeward side of the model. The spatial resolution of the measurements enables a detailed examination of the three-dimensional flow structure. The growth and the helical structure of primary vortex as well as smaller flow structures caused by secondary separation can be observed. Accuracy of the constructed velocity component is estimated with help of a numerically obtained three-dimensional dataset of the flow field around this configuration. The reconstruction procedure was applied to this data set taking the experimental uncertainty and the grid spacing of the PIV measurements into consideration. A comparison of reconstructed out-of-plane component and data of the numerical solution of Navier–Stokes equations results in a promising low error. A statistical analysis of different procedures allows interpretation of reconstruction capabilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050359
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some factors modifying the action of chlorpromazine upon the O2 uptake of brain homogenatesin vitro (1958)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 14 (1958), S. 454-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Largactil vermindert auch in niedrigen Konzentrationen (10−6 g/ml der Krebs-Ringer-Lösung mit 0,2% Glukose) den Sauerstoffverbrauch von Gehirnhomogenaten weisser Ratten signifikant. Diese depressive Wirkung von Largactil tritt nicht ein, wenn die Krebs-Ringer-Lösung ohne Glukose oder ein kalziumfreies Medium zu den manometrischen Messungen gebraucht werden. Weiterhin hat Largactil eine antagonistische Wirkung gegen 2,4-Dinitrophenol in bezug auf die O2-Aufnahme von Gehirngewebe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327372
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant and normally developing trophoblastic cells of human placenta display different characteristics defined by histochemical and biochemical mapping of endogenous lectins (1989)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 92 (1989), S. 283-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Trophoblastic cells with their strictly controlled propensity for invasive growth hereby bear limited resemblance to malignant cells. Therefore, detailed description of molecular characteristics of this cell type in comparison to histologically related tumor cells may aid in defining physiologically relevant differences. In view of the potential importance of selective protein-carbohydrate interactions in recognitive processes, labelled neoglycoproteins were employed to evaluate systematically the presence and distribution of sugar receptors in tumor cells of chorionepithelioma and in trophoblastic cells of an early stage of gestation. Control reactions in glycohistochemistry, involving prolonged incubation, pH variation and use of nucleotides excluded the possiblity that glycosidases or glycosyltransferases grovern the sugar-specific binding to the tissue sections. Pronounced differences were detected in the expression of receptors (lectins) for α- and β-glucosides as well as for N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. Further differences were revealed by probing both types of tissue with lactosylated, fucosylated, xylosylated and sialylated carrier protein. Upon developmental maturation of the normal cells in placenta the extent of binding of the neoglyco-proteins decreased. The glycohistochemical differences between malignant and normally developing trophoblastic cells were found to be reflected in the alteration of expression of certain endogenous lectins, as ascertained by affinity chromatography and gel electrophoretic analysis. Consequently, we assume that the transient presence of certain endogenous lectins during early stages of gestation and their differential expression in relation to tumor cells of chorionepithelioma may be relevant for the special invasive and adhesive behavior of human trophoblastic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500542
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