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  • 1
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    Protein Structural Statistics with PSS (2013)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-10
    Description: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling DOI: 10.1021/ci400233j
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 2
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    Source localization and joint velocity model building using wavefront attributes (2019)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉SUMMARY〈/div〉The localization of passive seismic sources in form of microseismic tremors as well as large-scale earthquakes is a key issue in seismology. While most previous studies are assuming fairly good knowledge of the underlying velocity model, we propose an automatic spatial localization and joint velocity model building scheme that is independent of detailed 〈span〉a priori〈/span〉 information. The first step is a coherence analysis, estimating so-called wavefront attributes to locally describe the wavefield in terms of slopes and curvatures. In a similar fashion, we also obtain an initial guess of the source excitation times of the recorded events. The wavefront attributes constitute the input for wavefront tomography which represents the next step of the workflow and allows for a refinement of the previously evaluated source excitation times while simultaneously approximating the velocity distribution. In a last step, we use the final estimate of the velocity distribution and compute the respective image function by reverse time modelling to gain the source locations. This paper introduces the theoretical concept of our proposed approach for the general 3-D case. We analyse the feasibility of our strategy and the influences of different acquisition settings by means of a synthetic 2-D data example. In a final 3-D field data example we use the workflow to localize a deep earthquake without relying on a given velocity model. The approach can deal with high levels of noise and low signal amplitudes, respectively, as well as sparse geophone sampling. The workflow generally delivers good approximations of the long-wavelength velocity variations along with accurate source locations.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 2051-1965
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 3
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    Crystal Structure and Thermodynamic Stability of Ba/Ti-Substituted Pollucites for Radioactive Cs/Ba Immobilization (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-24
    Description: As an analogue of the mineral pollucite (CsAlSi 2 O 6 ), CsTiSi 2 O 6.5 is a potential host phase for radioactive Cs. However, as 137 Cs and 135 Cs transmute to 137 Ba and 135 Ba, respectively, through the beta decay, it is essential to study the structure and stability of this phase upon Cs Ba substitution. In this work, two series of Ba/Ti-substituted samples, Cs x Ba (1− x )/2 TiSi 2 O 6.5 and Cs x Ba 1− x TiSi 2 O 7−0.5 x , ( x  = 0.9 and 0.7), were synthesized by high-temperature crystallization from their respective precursors. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analysis reveal that while Cs x Ba (1− x )/2 TiSi 2 O 6.5 samples are phase-pure, Cs x Ba 1− x TiSi 2 O 7−0.5 x samples contain Cs 3 x /(2+ x ) Ba (1− x )/(2+ x ) TiSi 2 O 6.5 pollucites (i.e., also two-Cs-to-one-Ba substitution) and a secondary phase, fresnoite (Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 ). Thus, the Cs x Ba 1− x TiSi 2 O 7−0.5 x series is energetically less favorable than Cs x Ba (1− x )/2 TiSi 2 O 6.5 . To study the stability systematics of Cs x Ba (1− x )/2 TiSi 2 O 6.5 pollucites, high-temperature calorimetric experiments were performed at 973 K with or without the lead borate solvent. Enthalpies of formation from the constituent oxides (and elements) have thus been derived. The results show that with increasing Ba/(Cs + Ba) ratio, the thermodynamic stability of these phases decreases with respect to their component oxides. Hence, from the energetic viewpoint, continued Cs Ba transmutation tends to destabilize the parent silicotitanate pollucite structure. However, the Ba-substituted pollucite co-forms with fresnoite (which incorporates the excess Ba), thereby providing viable ceramic waste forms for all the Ba decay products.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 4
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    Signal integration by the CYP1A1 promoter -- a quantitative study (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-24
    Description: Genes involved in detoxification of foreign compounds exhibit complex spatiotemporal expression patterns in liver. Cytochrome P450 1A1 ( CYP1A1 ), for example, is restricted to the pericentral region of liver lobules in response to the interplay between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms by which the two pathways orchestrate gene expression are still poorly understood. With the help of 29 mutant constructs of the human CYP1A1 promoter and a mathematical model that combines Wnt/β-catenin and AhR signaling with the statistical mechanics of the promoter, we systematically quantified the regulatory influence of different transcription factor binding sites on gene induction within the promoter. The model unveils how different binding sites cooperate and how they establish the promoter logic; it quantitatively predicts two-dimensional stimulus-response curves. Furthermore, it shows that crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and AhR signaling is crucial to understand the complex zonated expression patterns found in liver lobules. This study exemplifies how statistical mechanical modeling together with combinatorial reporter assays has the capacity to disentangle the promoter logic that establishes physiological gene expression patterns.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    Source localisation and joint velocity model building using wavefront attributes (2019)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Summary〈/div〉The localisation of passive seismic sources in form of microseismic tremors as well as large-scale earthquakes is a key issue in seismology. While most previous studies are assuming fairly good knowledge of the underlying velocity model, we propose an automatic spatial localisation and joint velocity model building scheme that is independent of detailed a priori information. The first step is a coherence analysis, estimating so-called wavefront attributes to locally describe the wavefield in terms of slopes and curvatures. In a similar fashion, we also obtain an initial guess of the source excitation times of the recorded events. The wavefront attributes constitute the input for wavefront tomography which represents the next step of the workflow and allows for a refinement of the previously evaluated source excitation times while simultaneously approximating the velocity distribution. In a last step, we use the final estimate of the velocity distribution and compute the respective image function by reverse time modelling to gain the source locations. This paper introduces the theoretical concept of our proposed approach for the general 3D case. We analyse the feasibility of our strategy and the influences of different acquisition settings by means of a synthetic 2D data example. In a final 3D field data example we use the workflow to localise a deep earthquake without relying on a given velocity model. The approach can deal with high levels of noise and low signal amplitudes, respectively, as well as sparse geophone sampling. The workflow generally delivers good approximations of the long-wavelength velocity variations along with accurate source locations.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 2051-1965
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 6
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    Absence of junctional glutamate receptor clusters in Drosophila mutants lacking spontaneous transmitter release (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-21
    Description: Little is known about the functional significance of spontaneous miniature synaptic potentials, which are the result of vesicular exocytosis at nerve terminals. Here, by using Drosophila mutants with specific defects in presynaptic function, we found that glutamate receptors clustered normally at neuromuscular junctions of mutants that retained spontaneous transmitter secretion but had lost the ability to release transmitter in response to action potentials. In contrast, receptor clustering was defective in mutants in which both spontaneous and evoked vesicle exocytosis were absent. Thus, spontaneous vesicle exocytosis appears to be tightly linked to the clustering of glutamate receptors during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saitoe, M -- Schwarz, T L -- Umbach, J A -- Gundersen, C B -- Kidokoro, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 20;293(5529):514-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Behavioral Sciences, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. saitoe@tmin.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11463917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Drosophila/embryology/genetics/physiology ; Exocytosis ; Glutamic Acid/pharmacology ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mutation ; Neuromuscular Junction/embryology/metabolism/*physiology ; Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism/physiology ; Qa-SNARE Proteins ; R-SNARE Proteins ; Receptor Aggregation ; Receptors, Glutamate/*metabolism ; Spider Venoms/pharmacology ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Synaptic Vesicles/metabolism/*physiology ; Temperature ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Research funding. Science funding and short-term economic activity (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112082/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112082/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinberg, Bruce A -- Owen-Smith, Jason -- Rosen, Rebecca F -- Schwarz, Lou -- Allen, Barbara McFadden -- Weiss, Roy E -- Lane, Julia -- P01 AG039347/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01AG039347/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):41-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1250055.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24700844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes/*economics ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; Public Policy ; Research/*economics ; *Research Personnel ; Research Support as Topic/*economics ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/economics ; Universities/*economics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Adoptive immunotherapy of established pulmonary metastases with LAK cells and recombinant interleukin-2 (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-28
    Description: The activation of human peripheral blood leukocytes or murine splenocytes with interleukin-2 (IL-2) generated cells that were lytic in vitro for a variety of fresh tumor cells. The adoptive transfer of such lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells to mice with established pulmonary sarcoma metastases was highly effective in reducing the number (and size) of these tumor nodules when combined with repeated injections of recombinant IL-2. These findings provide a rationale for clinical trials of the infusion of human LAK cells generated with recombinant IL-2 as well as Phase I trials of the infusion of recombinant IL-2 systemically into humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mule, J J -- Shu, S -- Schwarz, S L -- Rosenberg, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 28;225(4669):1487-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6332379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Immunization, Passive ; Interleukin-2/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Lung Neoplasms/secondary/*therapy ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Sarcoma, Experimental/secondary/*therapy ; Spleen/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Cloning of genomic and complementary DNA from Shaker, a putative potassium channel gene from Drosophila (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-08-14
    Description: On the basis of electrophysiological analysis of Shaker mutants, the Shaker locus of Drosophila melanogaster has been proposed to encode a structural component of a voltage-dependent potassium channel, the A channel. Unlike sodium channels, acetylcholine receptors, and calcium channels, K+ channels have not been purified biochemically. To facilitate biochemical studies of a K+ channel, genomic DNA from the Shaker locus has been cloned. Rearrangements in five Shaker mutants have been mapped to a 60-kilobase segment of the genome. Four complementary DNA clones have been analyzed. These clones indicate that the Shaker gene contains multiple exons distributed over at least 65 kilobases of genomic DNA in the region where the mutations mapped. Furthermore, the gene may produce several classes of alternatively spliced transcripts. Two of the complementary DNA clones have been sequenced and their sequences support the hypothesis that Shaker encodes a component of a K+ channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Papazian, D M -- Schwarz, T L -- Tempel, B L -- Jan, Y N -- Jan, L Y -- NS15963/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 14;237(4816):749-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2441470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Exons ; *Ion Channels ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Potassium/*metabolism ; RNA Splicing ; Transcription, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Sequence of a probable potassium channel component encoded at Shaker locus of Drosophila (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-08-14
    Description: Potassium currents are crucial for the repolarization of electrically excitable membranes, a role that makes potassium channels a target for physiological modifications that alter synaptic efficacy. The Shaker locus of Drosophila is thought to encode a K+ channel. The sequence of two complementary DNA clones from the Shaker locus is reported here. The sequence predicts an integral membrane protein of 70,200 daltons containing seven potential membrane-spanning sequences. In addition, the predicted protein is homologous to the vertebrate sodium channel in a region previously proposed to be involved in the voltage-dependent activation of the Na+ channel. These results support the hypothesis that Shaker encodes a structural component of a voltage-dependent K+ channel and suggest a conserved mechanism for voltage activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tempel, B L -- Papazian, D M -- Schwarz, T L -- Jan, Y N -- Jan, L Y -- NS15963/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 14;237(4816):770-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2441471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Codon ; DNA/*genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Electrophorus/genetics ; Genes ; *Ion Channels ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Mutation ; Potassium/*metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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