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  • 1
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    NASA's life science (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-01-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Margulis, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jan 26;271(5248):431-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8560245" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Science Disciplines ; Peer Review, Research ; *Research ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration/organization & ; administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Gaia in science (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Margulis, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 5;259(5096):745.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17809320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Electron diffraction and imaging of uncompressed monolayers of amphiphilic molecules on vitreous and hexagonal ice (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-13
    Description: A new approach is described for probing domains of ordered self-assemblies of amphiphilic monolayers at the aqueous solution interface. The method has potential importance for the study of membrane structure, Langmuir-Blodgett films, and nucleation processes of two-and three-dimensional crystals. Electron diffraction (ED) patterns indicative of two-dimensional crystalline self-assembly were obtained from samples, which were examined by cryo-electron microscopy, of monolayers of water-insoluble amphiphiles on vitrified aqueour substrates. The apparent hexagonal symmetry of an ED pattern from a C(16)H(33)OH monolayer was interpreted in terms of multiple twinning. Monolayers of the CL(31)H(63)OH and cadmium salt of C(19)H(39)CO(2)H that were studied by dark-field techniques displayed faceted two-dimensional crystallites with a maximal size of 1 to 2 micrometers. Epitaxial nucleation of hexagonal ice by the C(31)H(63)OH monolayer has also been demonstrated by ED.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Majewski, J -- Margulis, L -- Jacquemain, D -- Leveiller, F -- Bohm, C -- Arad, T -- Talmon, Y -- Lahav, M -- Leiserowitz, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 13;261(5123):899-902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17783738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Bacterial resistance to ultraviolet irradiation under anaerobiosis: implications for pre-phanerozoic evolution (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: The concept that low concentrations of atmospheric oxygen and consequent unattenuated ultraviolet irradiation limited the emergence of Phanerozoic life, the Berkner-Marshall hypothesis, is no longer tenable. Anaerobic bacteria, which probably evolved far earlier than Metazoa, were irradiated in a special chamber under strictly anaerobic conditions. Both intrinsic resistance and photoreactivation by visible light were discovered in obligately and facultatively anaeroboc microbes. Atmospheric scientists have shown that small amounts of oxygen would have limied pre-Phanerozoic surface ultraviolet irradiation to fluxes well below those used in the anaerobic experiments described. Since adequate ultraviolet protection mechanisms evolved early, the late Proterozoic appearance of Metazoa probably was not related to high fluxes of solar ultraviolet radiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rambler, M B -- Margulis, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):638-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Bacteria/metabolism/*radiation effects ; Biological Evolution ; Clostridium/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Escherichia coli/radiation effects ; *Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Microtubules in prokaryotes (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: Longitudinally aligned microtubules, about 220 A in diameter, have been seen in the protoplasmic cylinders of the following spirochetes (symbiotic in the hindguts of dry-wood and subterranean termites): Pillotina sp., Diplocalyx sp., Hollandina sp. They are also present in a gliding bacterium from Pterotermes occidentis. These microtubules are probably composed of tubulin, as determined by staining with fluorescent antibodies to tubulin and comigration with authentic tubulin on acrylamide gels. Treponema reiteri lack tubulin by these same criteria. These observations support the hypothesis of the symbiotic origin of cilia and flagella from certain spirochetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Margulis, L -- To, L -- Chase, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1118-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/349692" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/*ultrastructure ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Insects/microbiology ; Microtubules/*ultrastructure ; Spirochaetales/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Tubulin/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nested Polyhedra of MX2 (M = W, Mo; X = S, Se) Probed by High-Resolution Electron Microscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 116 (1994), S. 1914-1917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00084a035
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy of Amphiphilic Monolayers of C31H63OH Deposited on Holey Grids (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 10 (1994), S. 2081-2083 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00019a011
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolutionary transition from RNA to DNA in early cells (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Primordial genomes ; Double-stranded DNA ; Early Darwinian evolution ; Early Earth environment ; RNA versus DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The evolution of genetic material can be divided into at least three major phases: first, genomes of “nucleic acid-like” molecules; secondly, genomes of RNA; and finally, double-stranded DNA genomes such as those present in all contemporary cells. Using properties of nucleic acid molecules, we attempt to explain the evolutionary transition from RNA alone as a cellular informational macromolecule prior to the evolution of cell systems based on double-stranded DNA. The idea that ribonucleic acid-based cellular genomes preceded DNA is based on the following: (1) protein synthesis can occur in the absence of DNA but not of RNA; (2) RNA molecules have some catalytic properties; (3) the ubiquity of purine and pyridine nucleotide coenzymes as well as other similar ribonucleotide cofactors in metabolic pathways; and (4) the fact that the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides always proceeds via the enzymatic reduction of ribonucleotides. The “RNA prior to DNA” hypothesis can be further developed by understanding the selective pressures that led to the biosynthesis of deoxyribose, thymine, and proofreading DNA polymerases. Taken together these observations suggest to us that DNA was selected as an informational molecule in cells to stabilize earlier RNA-protein replicating systems. These arguments include the facts that (1) the 2′-deoxy-containing phosphodiester backbone is more stable in aqueous conditions and in the presence of transition metal ions (such as Zn2+) than its ribo-equivalents; (2) the absence of proofreading activity in RNA polymerases leads to a higher rate of mutation in RNA genomes relative to DNA; (3) information in RNA degrades because of the tendency of cytosine to deaminate to uracil and the lack of a correcting enzyme; and (4) UV irradiation produces a larger number of photochemical changes in RNA molecules relative to double-stranded DNA. The absence of atmospheric UV attenuation during the early Earth environment (Hadean and early Archean) would have imposed an intense selection pressure favoring duplex DNA over other genetic information storage systems. If RNA preceded DNA as a reservior of cellular genetic information, then an RNA-replicating oligopeptide must have been one of the earliest protoenzymes from which RNA polymerase presumably evolved. We conclude that RNA polymerases are among the oldest classes of enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02101189
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinduced electron transfer in a covalent benzo[a] pyrene diol epoxide-2'-deoxyguanosine complex
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 187 (1991), S. 597-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-2614(91)90442-C
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of cryo-electron microscopy to self-assembled mixed monolayers for studying crystallinity and twinning (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 97 (1993), S. 8692-8695 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100136a006
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