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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 162 (1969), S. 1-18 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die autoradiographischen Untersuchungen dienten der Bestimmung der DNS-Synthese-Dauer in den Zellen der Imaginalanlagen der Hinterflügel vonEphestia kühniella Z. Zu diesem Zweck mu\te das Doppelmarkierungsverfahren herangezogen werden. Raupen in den verschiedenen Stadien des letzten Raupenstadiums erhielten eine 1. Injektion von3H-Thymidin und 1 1/2 oder 6 Std später eine 2. Injektion von14C-Thymidin. Die DNS-Synthese-Phase dauert während der eigentlichen Wachstumsphase der Raupen vom 1.–7. Tag nach der letzten Raupenhäutung 12 Std. Im Vorpuppenstadium dauert die DNS-Synthese dagegen nur 6 Std. Diese Ergebnisse wurden in verschiedenen Versuchen mit unterschiedlichen Bedingungen bestätigt. Es wird vermutet, da\ der Wechsel von der „langen“ zur „kurzen“ DNS-Synthese-Dauer durch das Hormon Ecdyson verursacht wird. Verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Zellproliferation in den Imaginalanlagen werden diskutiert. Hierbei werden die erhaltenen Ergebnisse mit den schon bekannten, von Zellzählungen gewonnenen, Vorstellungen verglichen. Die G2-Phase erwies sich als variabel in ihrer Dauer. Sie kann von einer bis auf mehrere Stunden verlängert werden. Die Vermutung wird geäu\ert, da\ die Wachstumsordnung und die Differenzierungsprozesse der Imaginalanlagen der Hinterflügel durch Variation der G2-Phase kontrolliert werden kann.
    Notes: Summary These experiments were carried out to determine the duration of DNA-synthesis in the cells of the developing wing discs ofEphestia kuehniella Z. For this purpose the double labeling technique was applied. Larvae of the last larval instar were injected first with3H-thymidine and than 1 1/2 or 6 hours later with14C-thymidine. During the growth phase from the 1st to the 7th day after the last larval moult, S-phase duration was found to be about 12 hours. In the prepupal stage, however, S-phase duration was measured to be 5.8 hours. These results were verified in different experimental conditions. It is suggested that the shift from “long” to “short” duration of the S-phase is controlled by Ecdyson. Cell proliferation within the wing discs is discussed using these data and the known cell counts. G2-phase was found to be variable lasting from 1 to several hours. It is suggested that the growth pattern and the differentiation of the imaginal discs can be controlled by variing G2-phases.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of different wavelengths of X-rays (10–100 kV, 600 r) on four somatic mutations of the scales on the hind wings of Ephestia kühniella Z. We made three experiments at different times. Each consisted of eight groups for the different voltages of the X-rays. The mutation rates and the relative frequencies of the four mutations were compared. There are no correlations between the mutational spectrum and the qualities of X-rays. The variations between each group of one experiment and between the three experiments are great. It cannot be said which factors may be responsible for this variability.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. The dose-effect curves for the four somatic scale mutations ofEphestia, ES 1, 2, 3, and 4, were determined for 10 kV and 100 kV X-rays and60Co γ-rays. 2. After double logarithmic transformation the relation between the dose and the mutation rate is expressed by a straight line. The regression coefficients of this line are the same within each treatment series as well as between them for all four somatic mutants. 3. In all experiments the mutation rate increased in the same proportion to the dose, although each mutant had a characteristic rate. The dose does not selectively alter the mutation rate. The mutation spectrum remains the same within each series at a particular dose. 4. The mutation spectra of the five experimental series showed differences greater than expected by random deviation. These variations in the mutation spectra cannot be attributed to the different wave-length of ionizing radiation here used, but rather result from unknown causes related to the fact that the experiments were not carried out concurrently. 5. This investigation showed, that for the interpretation of differences in the relative frequencies of different mutants it is not allowed to compare them with a theoretical random deviation. To avoid on overestimation of small differences, it is necessary to use as a basis for the comparison, the differences between the repetitions of similar experiments.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Before x-raying young pupae ofEphestia kühniella were treated for 6 hours with low (−7o, +3°C) or high (+30o, +35o, +40°C) temperatures. The mutation rates of four types of scale mutations (somatic mutations) were influenced by these temperature treatments in a different manner. In consequence there were different mutation spectra at the applied temperatures. The relation of mutation ES 1 to mutation ES 2 was 5:1 in the −7°C group and 11:1 in the +35°C group. The differences are statistically significant.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 99 (1967), S. 115-124 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Experiments were carried out using nitrogen-mustard (HN-2) as mutagenic agent for the induction of somatic mutations in Ephestia. Larvae of the last instar were injected with different concentrations of HN-2. Several mutant scales of the same types as observed after x-ray treatment were scored. The HN-2 induced mutation spectrum differs significantly from the x-ray induced one. Several possible explanations are discussed.
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