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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    London : Earthscan
    Call number: PIK N 071-96-0029
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XV, 180 p.
    Edition: 1. ed.
    ISBN: 185383176x
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 55 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In Halobacterium salinarum mutants containing either of the light-driven ion pumps bacteriorhodopsin (H+) or halorhodopsin (Cl–) as their only retinal protein, a decrease of irradiance in the absence of respiration causes a phototactic response. The conversion of the causal event, a decrease of proton motive force across the cell membrane, into a reversal of flagellar motor rotational direction was expected to involve a transducer. Via deletion analysis of all 18 known and putative halobacterial transducer (htr) genes, we found that Htr14, a methylatable membrane-bound transducer lacking an extracellular domain, mediates the biological response, which includes adaptive methylation. Based on a minimal stimulus length of 200 ms and the determined cytoplasmic buffering capacity, we conclude that the change in the membrane potential (ΔΨ), and not that of the internal pH, is the signal-generating event. Htr14 was therefore renamed to Membrane potential change Transducer, or MpcT. It is the first transducer for which the causative stimulus could be narrowed to a change in ΔΨ, as opposed to a change in pH or cellular redox state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phosphatase activity ; size fraction ; DOP ; phosphate regeneration ; zooplankton excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hydrolysis of natural dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) in three hardwater lakes of different trophic level was calculated from kinetic data of phosphatase activity (PA) in different size fractions. DOP as well as kinetics of PA were determined every fortnight in depth profiles during the year 1990. 60% of DOP was assumed to be suitable substrate for phosphatases. The rate of hydrolysis increased markedly with higher trophic level. Average hydrolysis rate of DOP in polytrophic lake Thaler See was 3.26 nM P min−1 (6 µg P-PO4 l−1 h−1). In oligotrophic Lake Herrensee, dissolved phosphatases were responsible for more than half of the total hydrolysis. In the other two lakes, bacterial and algal surface PA dominated hydrolysis in changing parts depending on kinetics and DOP concentration. The regeneration rate of phosphate by PA was compared to phosphorus (P) excretion rate of zooplankton. Excretion was calculated from zooplankton data and excretion equations from the literature. In oligotrophic Lake Herrensee, excretion by zooplankton recycled in average 18% of the phosphate amount which was hydrolysed from DOP by PA. With higher trophic level, relevance of P excretion from zooplankton decreased drastically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 742-743 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Thyroid stimulating hormone-receptor ; Genetic analysis ; Temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Somatic mutations in the genes for G-protein-coupled receptors which regulate intracellular levels of cyclic AMP have been found in several regions coding for the receptors of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, adrenaline, luteinizing hormone, rhodopsin and thyrotropin. The mutations found in the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor are restricted to cells of hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas and other thyroid tumors. They are thought to lead to a constitutive activation of the receptor independent of TSH. We have developed a temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) assay starting with the amplification of a part of exon 10 of the TSH-receptor gene to screen tissue of thyroid tumours. TGGE allows the detection of point mutations even if there are only a few cells with somatic mutations in tissue sections.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Dialuminoxan ; Sterische Abschirmung ; π-Wechselwirkungen ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Methylene bridged dialuminium compounds ; reaction with LiCH(PMe2)2 ; Al2C2P heterocycle ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Reaction of [(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2 with LiCH(PMe2)2; Formation of a Five-membered Al2C2P HeterocycleThe recently synthesized methylene bridged dialuminium compound [(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2 3 reacts with one equivalent of LiCH(PMe2)2 in the presence of TMEDA to give an adduct with one aluminium atom coordinated by the carbanionic carbon atom and the second one coordinated by one phosphorus atom. A five-membered heterocycle 5 is formed, which was characterized by a crystal structure determination showing a strongly bent ring with the phosphorus atom located above the plane of the four remaining atoms (Al2C2). 5 is unstable in ethereal solution decomposing under ether cleavage to the educt 3 and the diphosphinomethane derivative CH2(PMe2)2.
    Notes: Die methylenverbrückte Dialuminiumverbindung [(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2 3 reagiert mit einem Äquivalent LiCH(PMe2)2 in Gegenwart von TMEDA unter Anlagerung des carbanionischen Kohlenstoffatoms und eines der beiden Phosphoratome an seine beiden ungesättigten Metallatome. Dadurch entsteht ein fünfgliedriger Al2C2P-Heterozyklus 5, der im Festkörper eine sehr starke Winkelung aufweist. 5 ist in etherischer Lösung nicht beständig und ergibt unter Etherspaltung neben dem Edukt 3 das Diphosphanomethan CH2(PMe2)2.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1619-1626 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: C—H acidic aluminium organyls ; deprotonation of bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl groups ; AlC2Si heterocycles ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Two 1-Sila-3-alanata-cyclobutane Derivatives with Four-membered AlC2Si-HeterocyclesThe C—H acidic bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl compounds Me3C—AlR2 und Me3C—CH2—AlR2 (R — CH(SiMe3)2) are deprotonated by treatment with the sterically high shielded base LiCH(SiMe3)2 in the presence of 1,3,5-trimethylhexahydrotriazinane. The deprotonation occurs at a methyl group of one of the element-organic substituents, and the formed carbanions are stabilized by coordination to the unsaturated Al atoms yielding four-membered heterocycles. Both products were characterized by a crystal structure determination each showing bent ring systems.
    Notes: Die C—H-aciden Bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl-Verbindungen Me3C—AlR2 und Me3C—CH2—AlR2 (R — CH(SiMe3)2) reagieren mit der sterisch sehr hoch abgeschirmten Base LiCH(SiMe3)2 in Gegenwart von 1,3,5-Trimethylhexahydrotriazinan unter Deprotonierung einer Methylgruppe des elementorganischen Substituenten; die dabei gebildeten Carbanionen stabilisieren sich durch eine Wechselwirkung zu dem koordinativ ungesättigten Al-Atom unter Ausbildung von viergliedrigen AlC2Si-Heterozyklen. Beide Produkte wurden durch eine Kristallstrukturbestimmung charakterisiert, die jeweils ein nicht-planares Ringsystem ergab.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Methylene bridged dialuminium compounds ; Alanate with three and four coordinated aluminium atoms ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of [(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2 with Neopentyllithium: Formation of {[(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2CH2CMe3} ⊖ [Li(TMEDA)2]⊕The recently synthesized methylene bridged dialuminium compound [(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2 reacts with neopentyl lithium in the presence of TMEDA to give the stable {[(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2CH2 · CMe3}⊖ [Li(TMEDA)2]⊕ decomposing at 115°C. The aluminium atoms therein are not additionally bridged, but the new substituent is occupying a terminal position as detected by crystal structure determination. A compound is formed containing a saturated, fourfold coordinated neighbouring a formally unsaturated, threefold coordinated aluminium atom. Due to high sterical restrictions the Al—C bonds are lengthened up to 209.0(3) pm at the alanate site and the Al—C—Al angle in the methylene bridge is extraordinarily enlarged to 144.4(2)°.
    Notes: Die methylenverbrückte Dialuminiumverbindung [(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2 reagiert mit Neopentyllithium in Gegenwart des chelatisierenden TMEDA unter Bildung des bis 115°C beständigen {[(Me3Si)2CH]2Al—CH2—Al [CH(SiMe3)2]2CH2 · CMe3}⊖ [Li(TMEDA)2]⊕. Wie die Kristallstrukturbestimmung zeigt, werden die Aluminiumatome dabei nicht zusätzlich miteinander verbrückt. Vielmehr besetzt der neu eintretende Substituent eine terminale Position, so daß eine Verbindung mit einem gesättigten, vierfach koordinierten und einem formal ungesättigten, dreifach koordinierten Aluminiumatom in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft zueinander vorliegt. Durch die Gruppenhäufung werden beträchtliche sterische Spannungen im Molekül erzeugt, die einerseits zu sehr langen Al—C-Abständen bis zu 209,0(3) pm im Alanatrest, andererseits aber auch zu einem mit 144,4(2)° extrem aufgeweiteten Al—C—Al-Winkel an der zentralen Methylenbrücke führen.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 249-257 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: C—H acidic alanates ; deprotonation of bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl groups ; AlC2Si heterocycles ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermolysis of Sterically Stressed Alanates; Synthesis of Two New 1-Sila-3-alanata-cyclobutane Derivatives with Four-membered AlC2Si-HeterocyclesThe reaction of high shielded alkyl or aryl alanes with LiCH(SiMe3)2 in the presence of the chelating N,N′,N″-trimethyl-triazinane yields the sterically stressed alanates [(Me3C)2Al{CH(SiMe3)2}2]- 12 and [R—Al{CH(SiMe3)2}3]- (R = Me3SiCH2 13, Et 14, Me 15, C6H5 16) each with a Li(triazinane)2 counter ion. On thermolysis of the sterically most shielded derivatives 12 and 13 at 130 to 150°C one equivalent of bis(trimethylsilyl)methane is liberated, and by deprotonation of methyl groups carbanionic species are formed, which are stabilized by intramolecular coordination to the unsaturated aluminium atoms under formation of AlC2Si heterocycles (19 and 20). 20 was characterized by a single crystal structure determination. The remaining alanates give under similar conditions either under dismutation the recently published heterocycle 1 with two intact CH(SiMe3)2 groups (14 and 15) or a methyl alanate by the replacement of a elementorganic substituent (16).
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung sterisch hoch abgeschirmter Alkyl- oder Arylalane mit LiCH(SiMe3)2 in Gegenwart des Chelatbildners N,N′,N″-Trimethyltriazinan sind die sterisch überladenen Alanate [(Me3C)2Al{CH(SiMe3)2}2]- 12 und [R—Al{CH(SiMe3)2}3]- (R = Me3Si—CH2 13, Et 14, Me 15, C6H5 16) jeweils mit dem Li(Triazinan)2-Gegenion zugänglich. Beim Erwärmen der Alanate im festen Zustand auf 130 bis 150°C beobachtet man für die sterisch am höchsten abgeschirmten Derivate 12 und 13 die Freisetzung eines Äquivalents Bis(trimethylsilyl)methan; eine Methylgruppe eines CH(SiMe3)2-Rests wird deprotoniert, und die entstehenden Carbanionen stabilisieren sich jeweils durch intramolekulare Bindung zu einem Al-Atom. Dabei bilden sich die viergliedrigen AlC2Si-Heterozyklen 19 und 20, von denen 20 kristallstrukturanalytisch charakterisiert wurde. Die Alanate 14 und 15 reagieren unter Dismutierung zu dem bereits länger bekannten Heterozyklus 1 mit zwei intakten CH(SiMe3)2-Gruppen, und das Phenylalanat 16 ergibt unter Austausch eines elementorganischen Substituenten gegen eine Methylgruppe das Methylalanat 23.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: dialuminoxane ; π interactions ; steric shielding ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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