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  • 1
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    Sulfur and carbon isotopes within atmospheric, surface and ground water, snow and ice as indicators of the origin of tabular ground ice in the Russian Arctic (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-12
    Description: Field sampling of tabular ground ice (TGI) was undertaken at a number of geological sections along the Russian Arctic coast. 34 S in sulfate ion and 13 C in organic matter were analysed in ground ice and enclosing deposits, and in reference samples from snowpacks, atmospheric precipitation, surface waters and glaciers. The scatter in the stable isotope data obtained indicates the heterogeneity of moisture sources for TGI formation. There is a notable difference in the sulfur and carbon isotopic structure between TGI and atmospheric and continental moisture. TGI and its enclosing deposits have a heavier isotopic composition of sulfur and carbon than buried snow and glacial ice. This is considered to be evidence of an essential contribution of marine moisture and sediments to TGI formation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 1045-6740
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1530
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
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    Northeast Siberian Permafrost Ice‐Wedge Stable Isotopes Depict Pronounced Last Glacial Maximum Winter Cooling (2021)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-09
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 3
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    Geochemistry and isotopes of surface and ground ice in the Arctic (2005)
    In:  EPIC32nd European Conference on Permafrost, 12-16 June, Potsdam, Germany.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 4
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    Northeast Siberian Permafrost Ice‐Wedge Stable Isotopes Depict Pronounced Last Glacial Maximum Winter Cooling (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-21
    Description: Stable isotopes (δ18O, δD) of wedge ice hold potential to reconstruct past winter climate conditions. Here, we present records of the marine isotope stages (MIS) 3 and 2 including the last Glacial maximum (LGM) from Bol’shoy Lyakhovsky Island (NE Siberia). MIS 3 wedge ice dated from 52 to 40 Kyr b2k varies between −32 and −29‰ in δ18O. Colder LGM conditions are implied by δ18O of −37‰ around 25 Kyr b2k. Similar Deuterium excess values indicate comparable moisture sources during MIS 3 and MIS 2. Regional LGM climate reconstructions depend on the seasonal resolution of the proxies and model simulations. Our wedge‐ice record reflects coldest winters during global minima in atmospheric CO2 and sea level. The extreme LGM winter cooling is not represented in model projections of global LGM climate where West Beringia shows noticeably little cooling or even warming in mean annual temperatures compared to the late Holocene.
    Description: Plain Language Summary: The geochemical signature of stable isotopes of permafrost ground ice preserves information about past climate conditions. A common type of ground ice is ice wedges that form by the freezing of snowmelt in frost cracks developed on the ground and grow over time in width and length. Winter temperatures, and the type (snow or rain) and origin (regional moisture source) of winter precipitation largely control the stable isotope characteristics of oxygen and hydrogen in ice wedges. Here, we study the stable isotope composition of ice wedges from the last glacial period in northeastern Siberia. Plant and animal fossils that were found within the ice and in the surrounding frozen ground provide age control spanning from more than 50 to 24 thousand years ago when the ice wedges grew. The coldest winter conditions are inferred from a New Siberian Island ice‐wedge site as indicated by the lowest stable isotope values of all our sampled ice wedges at times, corresponding to the last Glacial maximum around 25 thousand years ago.
    Description: Key Points: Pronounced west Beringian MIS 3 to MIS 2 winter cooling delineated in wedge‐ice stable isotope signatures. Coldest winters reflected by exceptionally depleted values of −37.4 ± 0.4‰ in δ18O and −292 ± 3‰ in δD in LGM wedge ice. LGM wedge ice directly radiocarbon‐dated to 25,890 and 23,980 yr b2k.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
    Keywords: 551 ; ground ice ; last Glacial maximum ; permafrost ; radiocarbon ; Siberia ; stable isotopes
    Type: article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 5
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    Analyzing tundra vegetation characteristics for terrestrial LiDAR surveys of permafrost thaw subsidence (2018)
    In:  EPIC315th International Circumpolar Remote Sensing Symposium, Potsdam, Germany, 2018-09-10-2018-09-14
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-09
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 6
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    Paleo-Ecology of the Yedoma Ice Complex on Sobo-Sise Island (Eastern Lena Delta, Siberian Arctic) (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media SA, 9(681511), ISSN: 2296-6463
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: Late Pleistocene permafrost of the Yedoma type constitutes a valuable paleo-environmental archive due to the presence of numerous and well-preserved floral and faunal fossils. The study of the fossil Yedoma inventory allows for qualitative and quantitative reconstructions of past ecosystem and climate conditions and variations over time. Here, we present the results of combined paleo-proxy studies including pollen, chironomid, diatom and mammal fossil analyses from a prominent Yedoma cliff on Sobo-Sise Island in the eastern Lena Delta, NE Siberia to complement previous and ongoing paleo-ecological research in western Beringia. The Yedoma Ice Complex (IC) cliff on Sobo-Sise Island (up to 28 m high, 1.7 km long) was continuously sampled at 0.5 m resolution. The entire sequence covers the last about 52 cal kyr BP, but is not continuous as it shows substantial hiatuses at 36–29 cal kyr BP, at 20–17 cal kyr BP and at 15–7 cal kyr BP. The Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 Yedoma IC (52–28 cal kyr BP) pollen spectra show typical features of tundra–steppe vegetation. Green algae remains indicate freshwater conditions. The chironomid assemblages vary considerably in abundance and diversity. Chironomid-based TJuly reconstructions during MIS 3 reveal warmer-than-today TJuly at about 51 cal kyr BP, 46-44 and 41 cal kyr BP. The MIS 2 Yedoma IC (28–15 cal kyr BP) pollen spectra represent tundra-steppe vegetation as during MIS 3, but higher abundance of Artemisia and lower abundances of algae remains indicate drier summer conditions. The chironomid records are poor. The MIS 1 (7–0 cal kyr BP) pollen spectra indicate shrub-tundra vegetation. The chironomid fauna is sparse and not diverse. The chironomid-based TJuly reconstruction supports similar-as-today temperatures at 6.4–4.4 cal kyr BP. Diatoms were recorded only after about 6.4 cal kyr BP. The Sobo-Sise Yedoma record preserves traces of the West Beringian tundra-steppe that maintained the Mammoth fauna including rare evidence for woolly rhinoceros’ presence. Chironomid-based TJuly reconstructions complement previous plant-macrofossil based TJuly of regional MIS 3 records. Our study from the eastern Lena Delta fits into and extends previous paleo-ecological Yedoma studies to characterize Beringian paleo-environments in the Laptev Sea coastal region.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Organic matter characteristics of a rapidly eroding permafrost cliff in NE Siberia (Lena Delta, Laptev Sea region) (2022)
    In:  Biogeosciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-16
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth's largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits is still poorly quantified. We define the OM quality as the intrinsic potential for further transformation, decomposition and mineralisation. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of Late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ∼52 kyr. We showed that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt %). The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal ka BP) and are overlaid by last glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso- and anteiso-branched fatty acids (FAs) relative to mid- and long-chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease in HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff. The characterisation of OM from eroding permafrost leads to a better assessment of the greenhouse gas potential of the OC released into river and nearshore waters in the future.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Organic matter characteristics using lipid biomarker analysis of a rapidly eroding permafrost cliff (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-27
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth's largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits are still poorly quantified. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ~52 ka. We show that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt%).We found that the OM quality, which we define as the intrinsic potential to further transformation, decomposition, and mineralization, is also high as inferred by the lipid biomarker inventory. The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal kyr BP) and is overlaid by Last Glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso and anteiso-branched FAs relative to long chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits, suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high C / N ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease of HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates a relatively stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 9
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    Molecular biomarkers in Batagay megaslump permafrost deposits reveal clear differences in organic matter preservation between glacial and interglacial periods (2022)
    In:  The Cryosphere
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-14
    Description: The Batagay megaslump, a permafrost thaw feature in north-eastern Siberia, provides access to ancient permafrost up to ∼650 kyr old. We aimed to assess the permafrost-locked organic matter (OM) quality and to deduce palaeo-environmental information on glacial–interglacial timescales. We sampled five stratigraphic units exposed on the 55 m high slump headwall and analysed lipid biomarkers (alkanes, fatty acids and alcohols). Our findings revealed similar biogeochemical signatures for the glacial periods: the lower ice complex (Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 16 or earlier), the lower sand unit (sometime between MIS 16–6) and the upper ice complex (MIS 4–2). The OM in these units has a terrestrial character, and microbial activity was likely limited. Contrarily, the n-alkane and fatty acid distributions differed for the units from interglacial periods: the woody layer (MIS 5), separating the lower sand unit and the upper ice complex, and the Holocene cover (MIS 1), on top of the upper ice complex. The woody layer, marking a permafrost degradation disconformity, contained markers of terrestrial origin (sterols) and high microbial decomposition (iso- and anteiso-fatty acids). In the Holocene cover, biomarkers pointed to wet depositional conditions and we identified branched and cyclic alkanes, which are likely of microbial origin. Higher OM decomposition characterised the interglacial periods. As climate warming will continue permafrost degradation in the Batagay megaslump and in other areas, large amounts of deeply buried ancient OM with variable composition and degradability are mobilised, likely significantly enhancing greenhouse gas emissions from permafrost regions.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
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    n-Fatty acid composition per sediment mass in a rapidly eroding permafrost cliff (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Organic carbon (OC) stored in Arctic permafrost represents one of Earth’s largest and most vulnerable terrestrial carbon pools. Amplified climate warming across the Arctic results in widespread permafrost thaw. Permafrost deposits exposed at river cliffs and coasts are particularly susceptible to thawing processes. Accelerating erosion of terrestrial permafrost along shorelines leads to increased transfer of organic matter (OM) to nearshore waters. However, the amount of terrestrial permafrost carbon and nitrogen as well as the OM quality in these deposits are still poorly quantified. Here, we characterise the sources and the quality of OM supplied to the Lena River at a rapidly eroding permafrost river shoreline cliff in the eastern part of the delta (Sobo-Sise Island). Our multi-proxy approach captures bulk elemental, molecular geochemical and carbon isotopic analyses of late Pleistocene Yedoma permafrost and Holocene cover deposits, discontinuously spanning the last ~52 ka. We show that the ancient permafrost exposed in the Sobo-Sise cliff has a high organic carbon content (mean of about 5 wt%).We found that the OM quality, which we define as the intrinsic potential to further transformation, decomposition, and mineralization, is also high as inferred by the lipid biomarker inventory. The oldest sediments stem from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 interstadial deposits (dated to 52 to 28 cal kyr BP) and is overlaid by Last Glacial MIS 2 (dated to 28 to 15 cal ka BP) and Holocene MIS 1 (dated to 7–0 cal ka BP) deposits. The relatively high average chain length (ACL) index of n-alkanes along the cliff profile indicates a predominant contribution of vascular plants to the OM composition. The elevated ratio of iso and anteiso-branched FAs relative to long chain (C ≥ 20) n-FAs in the interstadial MIS 3 and the interglacial MIS 1 deposits, suggests stronger microbial activity and consequently higher input of bacterial biomass during these climatically warmer periods. The overall high carbon preference index (CPI) and higher plant fatty acid (HPFA) values as well as high C / N ratios point to a good quality of the preserved OM and thus to a high potential of the OM for decomposition upon thaw. A decrease of HPFA values downwards along the profile probably indicates a relatively stronger OM decomposition in the oldest (MIS 3) deposits of the cliff.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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