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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bright pure blue emission from multilayer organic electroluminescent device with purified unidentate organometallic complex (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1387-1389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Multilayer organic electroluminescent devices (OELDs) were fabricated with highly pure 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazolato lithium (LiPBO), which was obtained through stepwise purification process, as a blue emission layer. The ionization potential of the carefully purified LiPBO was ∼5.82 eV. The multilayer OELD with a hole-blocking layer (HBL) emitted almost pure blue light with the CIE color coordinate of x=0.15 and y=0.08. However, the emission color was redshifted when an electron-transporting layer (ETL) was introduced instead of the HBL. The device with both the HBL and the ETL showed stable and bright blue emission above 14 000 cd/m2 with the color coordinate of x=0.15 and y=0.11, even though the color purity was slightly poorer than that with only the HBL. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1398604
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoemission spectroscopy study of Alq3 and metal mixed interfaces (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 4595-4597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electronic structures of mixed layers of tris (8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum (Alq3) and metal (Au and Al) were studied by ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS and XPS). The devices with a mixed layer between Alq3 and the cathode were fabricated. The barrier height for electron injection was reduced by doping metals (Au or Al) into Alq3. The doping enhanced the performance of the device. From the XPS study, the doped Au metal did not react with Alq3 and in addition, the doped Al metal reacted slightly with Alq3. From the UPS study, the highest occupied molecular orbit shifted to a higher binding energy for both metal mixed layers. From these studies, it is concluded that the enhanced device characteristics come from the barrier height reduction by the metal doped in Alq3 rather than from the charge transfer complex induced by the reaction of Alq3 and metal. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1428777
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixing effect of chelate complex and metal in organic light-emitting diodes (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1757-1759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Organic light-emitting diodes using thin film dispersing a hole transport material into a soluble polyimide as a hole transport layer and the sublimed molecular film of a chelate complex as an emissive layer were fabricated. In order to improve the injection of electrons into the emissive layer as well as the durability of devices, we have attempted mixing the chelate complex and metal between the emissive layer and the cathodic electrode. The charge injection of the device with the mixed layer was initialized at an applied voltage of 4.19 V. It was observed from the electroluminescent spectra that the oscillator strength was dramatically enhanced with the applied voltage. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121175
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture toughness investigation of the dynamically vulcanized EPDM/PP/ionomer ternary blends using the J-integral via the locus method (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 2917-2924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The fracture mechanics investigation of the dynamically vulcanized EPDM and PP/ionomer ternary blends was performed in terms of the J-integral by measuring fracture energy via the locus method. The ternary blends consisting of EPDM, PP and ionomer were prepared in a laboratory internal mixer by blending and vulcanizing simultaneously. Vulcanization was performed with dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and the composition of EPDM and PP was fixed at 50/50 by weight. Two kinds of poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMA) ionomers were used. The J-integral values at crack initiation, J c, of the dynamically vulcanized EPDM and PP/EMA ionomer ternary blends were affected by the cation types (Na+ or Zn2+) and contents (5–20 wt%) of the added EMA ionomers. The ternary blend containing 20 wt% zinc-neutralized EMA ionomer and 1.0 p.h.r. DCP showed the highest J c values of the blends. The results have been discussed with regard to the fracture topology observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356002
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibilizer in polymer blends for the recycling of plastics waste I: Preliminary studies on 50/50 wt% virgin polyblends (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 7 (1996), S. 483-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: compatibilizer ; polymer blends ; recycling ; waste plastic mixtures ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this work, comparative studies have been made to investigate the effectiveness of several compatibilizers for three kinds of virgin plastic mixtures, high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/PP and HDPE/polystyrene (PS) blends, in order to gain insight into the recycling of wastes from those frequently encountered mixed plastics. Three copolymers were tested as potential compatibilizers for those blends: ethylene - propylene - diene terpolymer (EPDM)-g-maleic anhydride (EPDM-g-MAH) for HDPE/PP and LDPE/PP blends, styrene - ethylene (butylene - styrene) (SEBS) and SEBS-g-MAH, for HDPE/PS blends. The properties and morphology of each ternary blend containing a coplymeric compatibilizer were measured with differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffractometer, tensile tester and scanning electron microscope. The concentration of the graft copolymer was varied from 0 to 20 phr, whereas the blend composition was fixed at 50/50 by weight %. It was found that EPDM-g-MAH showed good compatibilizing effect for LDPE/PP blends but not for HDPE/PP blends, in general. It was also found that SEBS showed much better compatibilizing effects for HDPE/PP blend than the SEBS-g-MAH blend.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The control of miscibility of PP/EPDM blends by adding lonomers and applying dynamic vulcanization (1995)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 1592-1599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The control of miscibility for isotactic polypropylene (PP) and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) has been attempted by adding poly(ethylene-comethacrylic acid) (EMA) ionomers and by applying dynamic vulcanization. The rheological properties, crystallization behavior, and morphology of the dynamically vulcanized EPDM/PP/ionomer ternary blends were investigated with a Rheometrics dynamic spectrometer (RDS), a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Two kinds of EMA ionomers neutralized with different metal ions (Na+ and ZN++) were investigated. Blends were prepared on a laboratory internal mixer at 190°C. Blending and curing were performed simultaneously, i.e., EPDM was vulcanized with dicumyl peroxide (DCP) in the presence of PP/ionomer. The composition of PP and EPDM was fixed at 50/50 by wt% and the contents of EMA ionomer were vaired from 5 to 20 parts based on the total amount of PP and EPDM. It was found that the addition of ionomers and the application of the dynamic vulcanization were effective in enhancing the miscibility of PP and EPDM. The structure of the blends was controlled by the following three component phases, i.e., the phase of the dynamially valcanized EPDM, PP, and Zn-neutralized ionomer. The ternary blends showed more miscibility than the PP/EPDM binary blend. This is due to the thermoplastic interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of the ternary blends. The structure and properties of the ternary blends differed, depending on the types and contents of ionomer, i.e., the ternary blend containing Na-neutralized ionomer did not show a thermoplastic IPN structure clearly, even though the blend was prepared by dynamic vulcanization. The ternary blend containing Zn-neutralized ionomer clearly showed the behavior of a thermoplastic IPN when the contents of ionomer and DCP were 15 parts and 1.0 part, respectively.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760352004
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheological properties, tensile properties, and morphology of PP/EPDM/lonomer ternary blends (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 51 (1994), S. 1453-1461 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The rheological and tensile properties and the morphology of polypropylene (PP)/ethylenepropylene-diene terpolymer(EPDM)/ionomer ternary blends were investigated, using a rheometric dynamic spectrometer (RDS), a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA), a tensile tester, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Two kinds of poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMA) ionomers, neutralized with different metal ions (Na+ and Zn++), were used. Blends were melt-mixed, using a laboratory internal mixer at 190°C. The composition of PP and EPDM was fixed at 50/50 by wt % and the EMA ionomer contents were varied from 5 to 20 wt %, based on the total amount of PP and EPDM. It was found that the ternary blends, containing Na-neutralized ionomer, showed considerably different rheological properties and morphology as compared to the PP/EPDM binary blends, due to the compatibilizing effect of the ionomer for PP and EPDM, while the ternary blends, containing the Zn-neutralized ionomer, did not. The compatibilizing effect was most prominent at 5 wt % ionomer concentration. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510813
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture mechanics investigation on the PP/EPDM/ionomer ternary blends using j-integral by locus method (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 51 (1994), S. 1381-1388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The fracture mechanics investigation of the polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM)/ionomer ternary blends was performed in terms of the J-integral by measuring fracture energy via the locus method. Blends were prepared in a laboratory internal mixer. The composition of PP and EPDM was fixed at a 50/50 ratio by weight. Two kinds of Poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMA) ionomers were used. The J-integral value at crack initiation, Jc, of the PP/EPDM/EMA ionomer ternary blends were affected by the cation types (Na+ or Zn2+) and contents (5-20 wt %) of the added EMA ionomers. The ternary blend having 5 wt % of Na-neutralized ionomer showed a higher Jc value than that of any other ternary blends. The results were discussed with regard to the fracture topology by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510804
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  • 9
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    Touch sensors based on planar liquid crystal-gated-organic field-effect transistors (2014)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-01
    Electronic ISSN: 2158-3226
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    Fracture toughness investigation of the dynamically vulcanized EPDM/PP/ionomer ternary blends using the J-integral via the locus method (1996)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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