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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photothermal compression of colloidal crystals (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 711-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dyed sulfonated polystyrene spheres (83 nm diameter) self-assemble into regular crystalline arrays that Bragg diffract visible light. Absorption of high intensity radiation (〉25 W/cm2) by the dye results in a local compression of the crystalline array due to local heating. The Kossel ring pattern is used to probe the variation in the lattice parameter and the dynamics of the thermally induced compression. The thermally induced compression derives from the negative temperature dependence of the interparticle interaction potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460339
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of precipitation in NaCl:Pb^2^+ by light scattering and ultramicroscopy
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 45 (1984), S. 69-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3697
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-3697(84)90103-3
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Freezing criterion for liquid to crystalline transition in charged colloidal suspensions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 138 (1989), S. 208-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0375-9601(89)90030-3
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The formation and characterization of silver clusters in zirconia (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 958-963 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Silver clusters with size ranging from a few nanometers to several nanometers are formed in zirconia matrix and have been characterized by low frequency Raman scattering (LFRS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Surface acoustic vibrational modes of the Ag nanoclusters are observed in the LFRS measurements and the estimated size of silver clusters is of the order of a few nm. XRD measurements indicate the presence of silver clusters in the matrix having a mean size of 20 nm. TEM observations on the zirconia powder indicate the presence of silver clusters as deduced by selected area diffraction pattern analysis. The microscopic structure of the reference ZrO2 sample indicates oxygen related disorder which might act as the heterogeneous nucleating centers of silver clusters as studied by time differential perturbed angular correlation. Based on the experimental results in the present study, it is proposed that the diffusion of Ag atoms through grain boundaries and pore walls could be the dominant mechanism leading to the formation of Ag clusters in the zirconia matrix. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1382831
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal diffuse scattering from colloidal crystals (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 1249-1257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Measurement of the Bragg diffraction and thermal diffuse scattering from colloidal crystals consisting of aqueous suspensions of polystyrene spheres with and without strongly absorbing dye molecules show that dynamical diffraction theory is valid even for absorbing colloidal crystals. In addition, we show that thermal diffuse scattering from colloidal crystals may be described by the simple Debye model. We determine the effective penetration depth of the incident electric field for cases where the Bragg condition is satisfied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collective diffusion in colloidal crystals (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 8546-8551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electrostatically stabilized colloidal crystals prepared from aqueous suspensions of dyed polystyrene spheres compress locally when illuminated by intense laser light of wavelengths absorbed by the dye. The compression, which derives from the temperature dependence of the interparticle repulsive interaction, results in a concentration gradient where particles diffuse into the illuminated regions. The concentration gradient relaxes when the pump light is removed. We experimentally constrain particle diffusion to one dimension by creating a spatially periodic intensity grating which results in a periodic concentration profile. We measure the relaxation time constant of this concentration grating by monitoring the time-dependent transmitted intensity of a low intensity probe beam when the diffraction conditions are almost satisfied for the probe wavelength. The collective diffusion coefficient is found from the relaxation time constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461283
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colloidal crystal photothermal dynamics (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 5172-5179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Localized heating of a colloidal crystal by absorption of high intensity laser radiation (〉25 W/cm2 ) results in compression of the hot region. The time dependent variations in the lattice spacing of the crystal due to this local heating has been studied by monitoring the transmission profile of a weak laser beam incident on the crystal at an angle close to the Bragg angle. The dynamics of the compression phenomenon and its subsequent relaxation after removing the pump laser beam are analyzed using the screened Coulomb pair potential formulation. A simple linear model is developed to explain the deformation of the crystal during both the heating and cooling processes. Using this model we estimate the time dependent temperature rise in the crystal for any given pump power. During the heating process and the early stages of cooling the change in the crystal lattice spacing lags behind the rate of temperature change, while during the later stages of cooling it follows the rate of cooling. We demonstrate the necessity for the renormalization of the surface charge of colloidal particles when using the screened Coulomb pair potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460554
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Image charge effects on colloidal crystal ordering (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 6490-6496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We theoretically investigated the effect of the container wall on the structural ordering of aqueous dispersions of negatively charged electrostatically stabilized colloidal spherical particles. The colloidal crystal contained between two quartz plates is modeled as a set of crystal planes oriented parallel to the quartz walls. We consider the electrostatic interactions between the particles and the container wall, and the particles and their induced image charges. The position-dependent interaction energies of a plane with its neighbors and the induced image charges are calculated under the Debye–Hückel approximation. We also theoretically investigate the effect of charged container walls on the ordering of the colloidal particle dispersion. For zero wall surface charge, the colloidal sphere plane nearest to the container wall is held in a deeper potential well than are interior colloidal planes. A negative wall surface charge creates a shallower well for the nearest colloidal sphere plane, which is still deeper than that of the interior planes. A positive wall surface charge creates the deepest potential well. These results rationalize our recent observations of the initial nucleation of crystalline colloidal array by formation of 2D hexagonal colloidal layers near the container wall. We calculate the root-mean-square displacement of the planes at various distances from the wall and use the Lindermann-type melting criteria to examine ordering. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.477295
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanosecond photothermal dynamics in colloidal suspension (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 1116-1123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thermal diffusion from a single colloidal sphere suspended in an aqueous medium that is heated by a laser pulse is examined. The temperature field as a function of position and time arising from the cooling of a hot colloidal sphere suspended in an infinitely extended aqueous medium is obtained by solving the heat conduction equation with initial, asymptotic, boundary conditions using a Laplace transform technique. A polymethylmethacrylate sphere of 83 nm diameter is calculated to cool in water within 7 ns. The cooling time is found to decrease quadratically with the particle diameter. We discuss the use of arrays of dyed polymethylmethacrylate spheres suspended in a refractive-index-matched aqueous medium as a fast (ns) optical switching device which acts as an optical monostable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351275
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melting of colloidal crystals: A Monte Carlo study (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 6873-6879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electrostatically stabilized colloidal crystals show phase transitions into liquid and gaslike states as the ionic impurity concentration increases. Using Monte Carlo simulations we theoretically investigate the melting of four colloidal crystals (two fcc crystals and two bcc crystals) which have also been examined experimentally. We calculate the pair correlation function g(r), the total potential energy Ut, and the mean square displacement of a particle 〈u2〉 for the colloidal suspensions at various ionic impurity concentrations ni. We calculate the structure factor S(Q) by Fourier transforming g(r). We find that the parameters gmax [the maximum of the first peak in g(r)], Smax [the maximum of the first peak in S(Q)], Δr [the half width at half maximum of the first peak in g(r)], and Ut (the total potential energy) all show discontinuous behavior on melting. We relate the calculated values of Smax, gmax, and the mean square displacement at the point of melting of our colloidal crystals to that of atomic crystals. We find that the ratio of the rate of change of the Wendt–Abraham parameter, gmin/gmax [gmin : the minimum value of g(r) after the first peak], with respect to ni, in colloidal crystal to that in liquid is constant but specific to the crystal structure (bcc or fcc). We calculate the latent heat of melting of colloidal crystals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.462581
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