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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ground Motion Seismology (2021)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Natural disasters. ; Geophysics. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: Earthquakes and Ground Motion -- The Effect of Earthquake Source -- The Effect of Propagation -- Observation and Processing.
    Abstract: This book explains the physics behind seismic ground motions and seismic waves to graduate and upper undergraduate students as well as to professionals. Both seismic ground motions and seismic waves are terms for “shaking” due to earthquakes, but it is common that shaking in the near-field of an earthquake source is called seismic ground motion and in the far-field is called seismic waves. Seismic ground motion is often described by the tensor formula based on the representation theorem, but in this book explicit formulation is emphasized beginning with Augustus Edward Hough Love (1863 – 1940). The book also explains in depth the equations and methods used for analysis and computation of shaking close to an earthquake source. In addition, it provides in detail information and knowledge related to teleseismic body waves, which are frequently used in the analysis of the source of an earthquake.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 332 p. 114 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9789811585708
    Series Statement: Advances in Geological Science,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8570-8
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-8570-8
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    E-BOOKS (AWI ONLY)
  • 2
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    Modeling the rupture process of the 2003 September 25 Tokachi-Oki (Hokkaido) earthquake using 1-Hz Global Positioning System data (2004)
    In:  Geophys. Res. Lett., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 31, no. 21, pp. ETG 7-1 to ETG 7-15, pp. L21603, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Seismology ; Geodesy ; High frequency ... ; GRL
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Quantifying the spatial distribution of site response by use of the Yokohama high-density strong-motion network (2006)
    In:  Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Taipei, EGS, vol. 96, no. 3, pp. 926-942, pp. 2187, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006
    Keywords: Seismology ; Site amplification ; Strong motions ; Seismic networks ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Japan ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Earthquake source fault beneath Tokyo (2005)
    In:  Science, Hokkaido University, Inst. f. Geophys., Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, vol. 309, no. 5733, pp. 462-464, pp. 8038, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Fault zone ; Japan ; MegaCity ; JZSCHAU ; FROTH
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 5
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    Long-period ground motion simulation of a subduction earthquake using the offshore–onshore ambient seismic field (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Large earthquakes that occur in subduction zones are likely to generate long-period ground motions that can cause severe damage even at great distances from the epicenter. We extracted surface-to-surface impulse response functions from the ambient seismic field recorded by offshore ocean bottom seismometers located atop the Nankai subduction zone and onshore stations, and showed that these offshore–onshore impulse response functions can be used to accurately simulate the long-period ground motions generated by an offshore moderate subduction earthquake. Moreover, we also found that the distributions of the earthquake and impulse response function pseudo-velocity response spectra have similar maximum amplifications in the same area close to the earthquake epicenter. This suggests that the ambient seismic field recorded by the increasing number of ocean bottom seismometers around the world can be used to assess seismic hazard related to offshore subduction earthquakes without prior knowledge of the velocity structure.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
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    Rupture process of the 1946 Nankai earthquake estimated using seismic waveforms and geodetic data (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: The rupture process of the 1946 Nankai earthquake ( M JMA 8.0) was estimated using seismic waveforms from teleseismic and strong motion stations together with geodetic data from leveling surveys and tide gauges. The results of joint inversion analysis showed that two areas with large slip are more confined than in previous studies. In our inversion, we assumed spatially varying strike and dip angles and depth of each subfault by fitting those to the actual complex shape of the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate in the Nankai Trough region. As a result, we calculated the total seismic moment, M 0 = 5.5 × 10 21 Nm, the moment magnitude, M w = 8.4, and a maximum slip of 5.1 m, occurring at a point south of Cape Muroto. The estimated slip distribution on the west side of the fault plane appears somewhat complicated, but it explains well the vertical deformations at Tosashimizu and in the vicinity of Inomisaki. Arguments have been made that the westernmost part slipped slowly after the earthquake over a period of days or months as an afterslip because the seismic waveforms can be largely explained without the slip in this part. However, in order to explain the displacement recorded by the tide gauge at Tosashimizu, we conclude that the westernmost part slipped simultaneously with the earthquake. Splay faulting, which was suggested in previous studies, is not required in our model to explain the seismic waveforms and geodetic data.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 7
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    Shortest path ray tracing in cell model with a second-level forward star (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-05
    Description: SUMMARY The high-level forward star is routinely applied in seismic ray tracing using graph theory (sometimes referred to as the shortest path method) with a grid model. For a cell model, the forward star is often restricted to nodes at the same cell (i.e. first-level forward star). The performance of a cell model with second-level forward stars is found to be comparable in both computation time and accuracy to that of a doubly dense cell model with first-level forward stars. Moreover, the cell model with second-level forward stars has the advantage of halving the required computer storage. An optimization of the secondary node geometry leads to a further 20 per cent improvement in accuracy. Concepts derived from grid models for analytical error estimation are found to be less applicable to cell models. An empirical approach works better in the optimization of the secondary node geometry.
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 8
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    Joint inversion of strong motion, teleseismic, geodetic, and tsunami datasets for the rupture process of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-21
    Description: The 2011 Tohoku earthquake was observed by dense strong motion, teleseismic, geodetic, and tsunami networks. We first inverted each of the datasets obtained by the networks separately, for the rupture process of the earthquake. We then performed checkerboard resolution tests for assessing the resolving power of these datasets. In order to overcome the limited resolutions of the separate inversions and differences in their results, we performed a quadruple joint inversion of all these data to determine a source model most suitable for explaining all the datasets. In the obtained source model, the maximum coseismic slip was approximately 35 m, and the total seismic moment was calculated to be 4.2 × 1022 Nm, which yielded Mw = 9.0. The main rupture propagated not only in the strike direction but also in the dip direction and included both the deep area called the Miyagi-oki region and the compact shallow area near the Japan Trench.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    A Rayleigh wave back-projection method applied to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-18
    Description: We study the rupture process of the 2011 Tohoku megathrust by analyzing 384 regional strong-motion records using a novel back-projection method for Rayleigh waves with periods between 13 and 100 s. The proposed approach is based on isolating the signal at the selected period with a continuous wavelet transform, and generating the stack using arrival times predicted from detailed fundamental mode Rayleigh wave group velocity maps. We verify the method by back-projecting synthetic time series representing a point source off the coast of Tohoku, which we generate with a 3D finite difference method and a mesh based on the Japan Integrated Velocity Structure Model. Application of the method to K-NET/KiK-net records of the Mw 9.1 Tohoku earthquake reveals several Rayleigh wave emitters, which we attribute to different stages of rupture. Stage 1 is characterized by slow rupture down-dip from the hypocenter. The onset of stage 2 is marked by energetic Rayleigh waves emitted from the region between the JMA hypocenter and the trench within 60 s after hypocentral time. During stage 3 the rupture propagates bilaterally towards the north and south at rupture velocities between 3 and 3.5 km · s−1, reaching Iwate-oki 65 s and Ibaraki-oki 105 s after nucleation. In contrast to short-period back-projections from teleseismic P-waves, which place radiation sources below the Honshu coastline, Rayleigh wave emitters identified from our long-period back-projection are located 50–100 km west of the trench. This result supports the interpretation of frequency-dependent seismic wave radiation as suggested in previous studies.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 10
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    A very long-term transient event preceding the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (2015)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-08
    Description: Article Slow slip events have been observed in different subduction zones, but their relationship to megathrust earthquakes remains elusive. Here, the authors postulate that a transient event may have led to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake as the hypocentre falls within a zone of positive Coloumb stress change. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms6934 Authors: Yusuke Yokota, Kazuki Koketsu
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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