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  • 1
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    Atmospheric aerosol backscatter measurements using a tunable coherent CO2 lidar (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Measurements of atmospheric aerosol backscatter coefficients, using a coherent CO2 lidar at 9.25- and 10.6-micron wavelengths, are described. Vertical profiles of the volume backscatter coefficient beta have been measured to a 10-km altitude over the Pasadena, CA, region. These measurements indicate a wide range of variability in beta both in and above the local boundary layer. Certain profiles also indicate a significant enhancement in beta at the 9.25-micron wavelength compared with beta at the 10.6-micron wavelength, which possibly indicates a major contribution to the volume backscatter from ammonium sulfate aerosol particles.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 23; 2510-251
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Tunable mode and line selection by injection in a TEA CO2 laser (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Tunable mode selection by injection in pulsed CO2 lasers is examined, and both analytical and numerical models are used to compute the required injection power for a variety of experimental cases. These are treated in two categories: mode selection at a desired frequency displacement from the center frequency of a transition line in a dispersive cavity and mode (and line) selection at the center frequency of a selected transition line in a nondispersive cavity. The results point out the potential flexibility of pulsed injection in providing wavelength tunable high-energy single-frequency pulses.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 23; 3854-386
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Evidence for speckle effects on pulsed CO2 lidar signal returns from remote targets (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A pulsed CO2 lidar was used to study statistical properties of signal returns from various rough surfaces at distances near 2 km. These included natural in situ topographic materials as well as man-made hard targets. Three lidar configurations were used: heterodyne detection with single temporal mode transmitter pulses, and direct detection with single and multiple temporal mode pulses. The significant differences in signal return statistics, due largely to speckle effects, are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 23; 1412-141
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Dependence of injection locking of a TEA CO2 laser on intensity of injected radiation (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The results of an experimental study to determine the minimum required injected power to control the output frequency of a TEA CO2 laser are reported. A CW CO2 waveguide laser was used as the injection oscillator. Both the power and the frequency of the injected radiation were varied, while the TEA resonator cavity length was adjusted to match the frequency of the injected signal. Single-longitudinal mode (SLM) TEA laser radiation was produced for injected power levels which are several orders of magnitude below those previously reported. The ratio of SLM output power to injection power exceeded 10 to the 12th at the lowest levels of injected intensity.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics; QE-18; Sept
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Spectrophone stabilization and offset tuning of a carbon dioxide waveguide laser (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A sensitive spectrophone containing CO2 gas is incorporated into a feedback loop to stabilize the frequency of a CO2 waveguide laser. First or second harmonic detection combined with a zero offset feature and the relatively high operating pressure of the laser allows continuous tuning of the stabilized frequency over a 400 MHz range. Frequency stability of better than + or - 1 MHz is achieved.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics (ISSN 0018-9197); QE-19; Aug. 198
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Target reflectance measurements for calibration of lidar atmospheric backscatter data (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Wavelength and angular dependence of reflectances and depolarization in the 9-11 micron region are reported for four standard targets: flowers of sulfur, flame-sprayed aluminum, 20-grit sandblasted aluminum, and 400-grit silicon carbon sandpaper. Measurements are presented and compared using a CW CO2 grating-tunable laser in a laboratory backscatter apparatus, an integrating sphere, and a coherent pulsed TEA-CO2 lidar system operating in the 9-11 micron region. Reflectance theory related to the use of hard targets to calibrate lidar atmospheric backscatter data is discussed.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 22; Sept. 1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Wavelength dependence of coherent and incoherent satellite-based lidar measurements of wind velocity and aerosol backscatter (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The results are presented of a capability study of Earth orbiting lidar systems, at various wavelengths from 1.06 to 10.6 microns, for the measurement of wind velocity and aerosol backscatter, and for the detection of clouds. Both coherent and incoherent lidar systems were modeled and compared for the aerosol backscatter and cloud detection applications.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center 13th International Laser Radar Conference; 4 p
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Lidar aerosol backscatter measurements - Systematic, modeling, and calibration error considerations (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Sources of systematic, modeling, and calibration errors that affect the interpretation and calibration of lidar aerosol backscatter data are discussed. The treatment pertains primarily to ground-based pulsed CO2 lidars that probe the troposphere and are calibrated using hard calibration targets. However, a large part of the analysis is relevant to other types of lidar system such as lidars operating at other wavelengths; CW focused lidars; airborne or earth-orbiting lidars; lidars measuring other regions of the atmosphere; lidars measuring nonaerosol elastic or inelastic backscatter; and lidars employing other calibration techniques.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 24; 3444-345
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Pulse evolution and mode selection characteristics in a TEA-CO2 laser perturbed by injection of external radiation (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A grating-tunable TEA-CO2 laser with an unstable resonator cavity, modified to allow injection of CW CO2 laser radiation at the resonant transition line by means of an intracavity NaCl window, has been used to study the coupling requirements for generation of single frequency pulses. The width and shape of the mode selection region, and the dependence of the gain-switched spike buildup time and the pulse shapes on the intensity and detuning frequency of the injected radiation are reported. Comparisons of the experimental results with previously reported mode selection behavior are discussed.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Optics Communications (ISSN 0030-4018); 45; March 15
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Lidar telescope overlap function and effects of misalignment for unstable resonator transmitter and coherent receiver (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Effects of lidar telescope overlap function modeling on the accuracy of aerosol backscatter measurements are discussed. The treatment pertains primarily to a lidar arrangement which combines high sensitivity and a large degree of geometrical signal compression but places stringent requirements on the accuracy of the overlap function modeling - coherent IR lidar with noncoaxial (side-by-side) transmit and receive telescopes. A model is presented which includes an unstable resonator transmitter and accommodates both coaxial and noncoaxial arrangements, and comparison is made to experimental results including effects of misalignment.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 25; 2886-289
    Format: text
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