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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 207 (1996), S. 369-382 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The extraction behavior of Zr(IV), Ce(III), Th(IV) and U(VI) from aqueous solutions containing Arsenazo-I with the organic solvents tridodecylamine (TDA), 1-[thenoyl-(2)]-3-3-3-trifluoroacetone (HTTA), di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) and tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (TCMA) in xylene has been investigated. Effect of hydrogen ion concentration in the aqueous phase, Arsenazo-I concentration, as well as the effect of solvent concentration on the extraction was studied. Some alternatives for separation of the elements studied were recommended enabling the spectrophotometric determination of these elements using Arsenazo-I without interference.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Gebeiztes Baumwollgarn (Substrat I) wurde spannungslos mercerisiert (Substrat II) und spannungslos mercerisiert, dann verstreckt um 94% (Substrat III) und 103% der urspriinglichen Länge (Substrat IV). Diese Substrate wurden einer Säurevorbehandlung unterworfen (0,5 N HCl, 60°C, 15 min). Die vier Substrate und ihre entsprechenden HCl-behandelten Substrate (I-H, II-H, III-H und IV-H) wurden unter ähnlichen Bedingungen mit N,N-Diethylaziridinchlorid umgesetzt, um Diethylaminoethyl (DEB)-Baumwolle zu erhalten. Zusätzlich wurden DEAE-Baumwollproben der Substrate I, I-H, II und II-H mit 0,5 N HCl bei 80°C 0,5, 1,2,3,5 und 7 h hydrolysiert und das Verhältnis der Substituenten in den D-Glucopyranosyl-Einheiten dieser DEAE-Baumwollproben sowie in denen der DEAE-Hydrocellulosen wurde bestimmt. Es wurde gefunden, daß ein beachtlicher Unterschied zwischen der Reaktivität gebeizter und spannungslos mercerisierter nachverstreckter Baumwolle besteht. Dies wurde im Sinne von Unterschieden in der Mikrostruktur der verschiedenen Substrate interpretiert, die umgekehrt Verfügbarkeit, Zugänglichkeit und Ordnungszustand der Cellulose-Hydroxylgruppen in gebeizter und mercerisierter Baumwolle widerspiegeln. Stickstoff-, chemische, mikroskopische und Röntgenanalysen wurden benutzt, um die strukturellen Unterschiede zwischen den Substraten festzustellen.
    Notes: Scoured ply cotton yarn (substrate I) was slack mercerized (substrate II) and slack mercerized followed by stretching to 94% (substrate III) and 103% of original length (substrate IV). These substrates were given an acid pretreatment (0.5 N HCl, 60°C, 15 min). The four substrates and their corresponding HCl-treated substrates (substrates I-H, II-H, III-H and IV-H) were reacted under similar conditions with N,N-diethylaziridinium chloride to yield diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cottons. In addition, DEAE-cottons of substrates I, I-H, II and II-H were hydrolyzed with 0.5 N HCl at 80°C for 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 h and the ratio of substituents in the D-glucopyranosyl units of these DEAE-cottons as well as in those of DEAE-hydrocelluloses were determined. It was found that there is a considerable difference between the reactivity of scoured cotton and slack mercerized-restretched cottons. This was interpreted in terms of differences in the microstructure between the substrates in question, which in turn, are reflected on availability, accessibility and state of order of the cellulose hydroxyls in the scoured and mercerized cottons. Nitrogen-, chemical, microscopical and X-ray analyses were used to assess the structural differences among the substrates.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 2071-2072 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Partial carboxymethylation of the cotton component of polyester/cotton blend prior to durable press finishing with dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea in presence of MgCl2·6H2O was carried out under different conditions to control the carboxyl content as well as alteration of the blend components accompanying the chemical modification. The susceptibility of these modified blend samples before and after crosslinking to aqueous and nonaqueous oily soiling and their ability to release the soil was examined. The general indications are that introduction of carboxymethyl groups in the molecular structure of the cotton component of the blend imparts soil release characteristics of the blend provided that (a) the condition of partial carboxymethylation is not accompanied by profound changes in neither the microstructure of the cotton component nor in the polyester content of the blend and (b) the carboxymethyl content should not be so high. It is proposed that the anionic nature of the modified cotton component of the blend during washing helps in repelling the negatively charged soil particles from the blend surface. In addition, a reduction in the interfacial tension at the soil-water interface assists in rolling up the soil and subsequent removal. This can be turned to the opposite if the electrostatic repulsion is masked through creation of soft swollen environment by significantly increasing the carboxymethyl content, decreasing the polyester content, and/or increasing the swellability of cotton component of the blend.
    Additional Material: 10 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 2407-2418 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Viscose rayon fibers modified with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were dyed with some direct and reactive dyes. Exhaustion rate of the dye onto fibers was governed by the amount and nature of the polymer grafted. In general, the dye affinity for cellulose and dye exhaustion onto fibers decreased as the graft yield increased. Dye affinity for the PAN-cellulose graft copolymers was greater than that found with PMMA-cellulose graft copolymers. Except in a few cases, the tendency of cellulose graft copolymers of ca. 13% graft to accept direct dyes was more than that of the untreated cellulose, whereas the affinity of reactive dyes for cellulose graft copolymers of up to ca. 43% polymer was more than that of untreated cellulose. The dye fixation, based on the weight of cellulose component, increased as the graft yield increased. The dyeability of cellulose oxidized with ceric ammonium nitrate was also examined. Oxidation of cellulose prior to dyeing reduced the affinity of the dye for cellulose.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Specific antischistosomal IgG, IgM, and IgE were estimated by ELISA in 117 rural school students before specific treatment with praziquantel monthly for 3–4 months thereafter. IgG and IgM were estimated as percentage of bound antibodies. IgE was estimated by avidin-biotin ELISA (AB-ELISA) as IU/ml using a panel of known IgE standards. Soluble surface Schistosoma mansoni adult worm antigen was used for all estimates. Total IgE was estimated in a smaller group by an ELISA kit. The percentage of specific IgE was calculated. A group of endemic controls (22 students) and non-endemic controls (17 cases) were included. Statistical analysis of results showed the specific immunoglobulins to be significantly reduced 2 months after treatment of the schistosomal cases. These reduced levels, however, were still significantly higher than those of controls. The presence of early hepatosplenomegaly and the co-existance of other parasites had no significant influence on the results. No correlation could be established between the levels of specific antischistosomal IgG, M and E and the intensity of infection. The significance of these results is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaction of 5,6-dihydro-5-azacytidine hydrochloride 1 with 2-acetoxy-isobutyryl chloride produced 5′-O-(2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-on-2-yl)-3′-O-acetyl-5,6-dihydro-2,2′-anhydro-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine hydrochloride 2, which upon partial hydrolysis with EtOH/HCl at 4°C gave 3′-O-acetyl-5,6-dihydro-2,2′-anhydro-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine hydrochloride 3. The hydrolysis of 3 with EtOH/HCl at 25°C gave 2,2′-anhydro-5,6-dihydro-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine hydrochloride 4. Silylation oxidation of 3 and 4 with BSTFA or BSA in acetonitrile produced the N-substituted derivatives of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine 8 and 7, respectively.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 35 (1967), S. 122-130 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis, some dyeing, and fastness properties of several new dispersed, acid, and direct dyes derived from the aminobenzotriazoles (I-IV) and 5-hydroxybenzotriazole (V) are described. The suitability of the amino derivatives (I-IV) as bases for azoic dyeing has also been studied. Several interesting observations between the properties of some synthesized dyes and the corresponding benzene or naphthalene analoges are cited.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das Anschmutz- und Schmutzentfernungsverhalten von cyanoethylierten Baumwollgeweben mit und ohne Knitterfestausrüstung wurde untersucht. Die Cyanoethylierung der Baumwolle verbesserte den Widerstand gegenüber wäßrigen und nichtwäßrig-öligen Anschmutzungen. Diese Eigenschaft bleibt auch nach einer Knitterfestausrüstung des Gewebes erhalten. Eine teilweise Umwandlung der Cyanoethylgruppen in Carboxyethylgruppen bewirkt eine weitere Verbesserung des Widerstandes gegen wäßrige Anschmutzung, beeinträchtigt aber das Verhalten gegen nichtwäßrig-öligen Schmutz, insbesondere nach der Knitterfestbehandlung.
    Notes: The soiling and soil release properties of cyanoethylated cotton fabrics with and without durable press treatment were examined. Cyanoethylation of cotton improved its resistance to aqueous and nonaqueous oily soiling. The same situation is encountered after durable press treatments. Partial conversion of the cyanoethyl groups to carboxyethyl groups caused further enhancement in aqueous soil resistance but impairs nonaqueous oily soil resistance, particularly after the durable press treatment.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß von Carbamoylethylgruppen, die in die Molekülstruktur der Cellulose im wäßrigen bzw. nahezu nichtwäßrigen Medium eingeführt wurden, auf das Anschmutz- und Schmutzentfernungsverhalten von Baumwollgeweben mit und ohne Knitterfestausrüstung wurde untersucht. Wäßriger und nichtwäßrig-öliger Schmutz wurde angewendet. Die Carbamoylethylierung verringert die Aufnahmefähigkeit der Baumwolle für beide Schmutztypen, wobei die im wäßrigen Medium durchgeführte Carbamoylethylierung wirksamer ist als die im nichtwäßrigen Medium. Die Vernetzung setzt den Widerstand der carbamoylethylierten Baumwolle gegen die Anschmutzung herab.
    Notes: The effect of introducing carbamoylethyl groups in the molecular structure of cotton cellulose under aqueous and almost nonaqueous condition on the soiling and soil release properties of cotton fabrics before and after durable press treatments was investigated. Aqueous and nonaqueous oily soils were used. Carbamoylethylation decreased the susceptibility of cotton to aqueous as well as nonaqueous oily soils. Aqueous carbamoylethylation improves the soil resistance more than the almost nonaqueous carbamoylethylation. Crosslinking decreases the resistance of carbamoylethylated cotton to soiling.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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