ALBERT

Description: We appreciate the comments of Seth et al. (1), because they provide an important finding that is supplementary to our paper (2). They show that recipient mice deficient in CD155 (Cd155−/− mice), a ligand for DNAM-1 (DNAX accessory molecule-1, CD226), exhibited shorter rather than longer survival than WT mice after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) with full MHC disparity. They also show that donor CD4+, but not CD8+, T cells were responsible for the poor survival of the recipient Cd155−/− mice, suggesting that the interaction of CD155 on recipient organs with the receptor ligand on donor CD4+ T cells protects recipient...

Description: Author(s): D. Okuyama, K. Shibuya, R. Kumai, T. Suzuki, Y. Yamasaki, H. Nakao, Y. Murakami, M. Kawasaki, Y. Taguchi, Y. Tokura, and T. Arima A synchrotron x-ray diffraction study of metal-insulator transitions in W-doped VO 2  (V 1−x W x O 2 ) thin films has been carried out. The insulating phase for x≤0.07 exhibits cell-doubling with the V dimerization similar to bulk VO 2 , while the insulating phase for x≥0.11 does not. This result suggests tha... [Phys. Rev. B 91, 064101] Published Tue Feb 03, 2015

Description: Author(s): K. Shibuya, D. Okuyama, R. Kumai, Y. Yamasaki, H. Nakao, Y. Murakami, Y. Taguchi, T. Arima, M. Kawasaki, and Y. Tokura [Phys. Rev. B 84, 165108] Published Mon Oct 10, 2011

Description: Author(s): J. S. Lee, K. Shibuya, M. Kawasaki, and Y. Tokura We have investigated the variation of charge and lattice dynamics upon the metal-insulator transitions in V 1− x W x O 2 thin films by optical spectroscopy. As x increases, the charge gap steeply decreases to collapse around x c =0.09 , and then increases again, confirming the insulator-metal-insulator reent... [Phys. Rev. B 85, 155110] Published Fri Apr 06, 2012

Description: In the classic transistor, the number of electric charge carriers--and thus the electrical conductivity--is precisely controlled by external voltage, providing electrical switching capability. This simple but powerful feature is essential for information processing technology, and also provides a platform for fundamental physics research. As the number of charges essentially determines the electronic phase of a condensed-matter system, transistor operation enables reversible and isothermal changes in the system's state, as successfully demonstrated in electric-field-induced ferromagnetism and superconductivity. However, this effect of the electric field is limited to a channel thickness of nanometres or less, owing to the presence of Thomas-Fermi screening. Here we show that this conventional picture does not apply to a class of materials characterized by inherent collective interactions between electrons and the crystal lattice. We prepared metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors based on vanadium dioxide--a strongly correlated material with a thermally driven, first-order metal-insulator transition well above room temperature--and found that electrostatic charging at a surface drives all the previously localized charge carriers in the bulk material into motion, leading to the emergence of a three-dimensional metallic ground state. This non-local switching of the electronic state is achieved by applying a voltage of only about one volt. In a voltage-sweep measurement, the first-order nature of the metal-insulator transition provides a non-volatile memory effect, which is operable at room temperature. Our results demonstrate a conceptually new field-effect device, extending the concept of electric-field control to macroscopic phase control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nakano, M -- Shibuya, K -- Okuyama, D -- Hatano, T -- Ono, S -- Kawasaki, M -- Iwasa, Y -- Tokura, Y -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jul 25;487(7408):459-62. doi: 10.1038/nature11296.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Correlated Electron Research Group and Cross-correlated Materials Research Group, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako 351-0198, Japan. mnakano@riken.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22837001" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tanimoto, Tetsuya -- Kami, Masahiro -- Shibuya, Kenji -- England -- Nature. 2014 Aug 28;512(7515):371. doi: 10.1038/512371d.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Tokyo, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25164738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: We present physical properties of spectroscopically confirmed Lyα emitters (LAEs) with very large rest-frame Lyα equivalent widths EW 0 (Lyα). Although the definition of large EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs is usually difficult due to limited statistical and systematic uncertainties, we identify six LAEs selected from ~3000 LAEs at z ~ 2 with reliable measurements of EW 0 (Lyα) ~= 200–400 Å given by careful continuum determinations with our deep photometric and spectroscopic data. These large EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs do not have signatures of AGN, but notably small stellar masses of M * = 10 7–8 M and high specific star formation rates (star formation rate per unit galaxy stellar mass) of ~100 Gyr –1 . These LAEs are characterized by the median values of L (Lyα) = 3.7 x 10 42  erg s –1 and M UV = –18.0 as well as the blue UV continuum slope of β = –2.5 ± 0.2 and the low dust extinction $E(B-V)_{\rm *} = 0.02^{+0.04}_{-0.02}$ , which indicate a high median Lyα escape fraction of $f_{\rm esc}^{\rm Ly\alpha }=0.68\pm 0.30$ . This large $f_{\rm esc}^{\rm Ly\alpha }$ value is explained by the low H i column density in the interstellar medium which is consistent with full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the Lyα line, FWHM(Lyα) = 212 ± 32 km s –1 , significantly narrower than those of small EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs. Based on the stellar evolution models, our observational constraints of the large EW 0 (Lyα), the small β, and the rest-frame He ii EW imply that at least a half of our large EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs would have young stellar ages of 20 Myr and very low metallicities of Z 〈 0.02 Z regardless of the star formation history.

Description: abstract - A global network of superconducting gravimeters (SGs) is compiling significant data for a range of important studies spamming a number of disciplines concerned with the Earth's gravity, tides, environment, and geodetics. .......

Description: Published

Description: 121-126

Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale

Description: N/A or not JCR

Description: open

Description: IntroductionThe evolution of Antarctica and the Antarctic Ocean is vital to understanding the growth and breakup of super continent Gondwana. The reconstruction models of Gondwana have been established by many authors using geophysical data set as well as geological data (e.g. Norton and Sclater, 1978). The area around Syowa Station, the Japanese Antarctic wintering Station in Lützow- Holm Bay, is considered to be a junction of Africa, India, Madagascar, and Antarctic continents from the reconstruction models of Gondwana. Therefore this area is a key to investigate the formation and fragmentation of Gondwana. However, the tectonic evolution is still speculative because geological evidence is limited to a few isolated outcrops and the coverage with geophysical surveys in this area is poor.Joint Japanese-German airborne geophysical surveys around Syowa Station had been conducted in January 2006 during the 47th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition to reveal tectonic evolution of the area around Syowa Station. The observation lines are shown in Figure 1.Data The airborne geophysical surveys had been made along almost N-S observation lines with spacing of about 20 km. Ice radar measurements had been carried out onshore area and ice thickness data are obtained. Bed rock topography are estimated using RAMP surface elevation data set. Magnetic and gravity measurements had been conducted both onshore and offshore areas. Magnetic anomalies are determined after correcting diurnal geomagnetic variations at Syowa Station. Precise positions of the aircraft are determined using DGPS techniques and free-air gravity anomalies are also obtained. Those data are girded and plotted using GMT software (Wessel and Smith, 1998).ResultsThe results of bed rock topography, gravity and magnetic anomalies are shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Characteristic features possibly related to the tectonic evolution from the results are summarized as followings.. Large negative gravity anomalies are observed along the Shirase Glacier (A in Figure 3) and those almost correspond to deep bed rock topography. Two sets of positive and negative gravity anomalies are shown along ocean-continental transition (B in Figure 3). However, magnetic anomalies along ocean-continental transition indicate only one set. NW-SE trending positive magnetic anomalies are observed between 40°E and 43°E near Antarctic continental margin (A in Figure 4). Those almost correspond to the transitional zone from Amphibolite to Granulite faces in the Lützow-Holm Complex. NE-SW trending magnetic anomalies in offshore area possibly indicate magnetic anomaly lineations (B in Figure 4). Positive magnetic anomalies surrounded by negative ones are observed around Cape Hinode (C in Figure 4). DiscussionLarge negative gravity anomalies and deep bed topography along the Shirase Glacier (A in Figure 4) possibly indicate major geological boundaries. It has been inferred that the peak metamorphic grade of the Lützow-Holm Complex progressively increases in a southwestern direction from amphibolite-facies to granulite-facies conditions and higher metamorphic grade are observed near the Shirase Glacier (Hiroi et al., 1983). Therefore large negative gravity anomalies and deep bed topography along the Shirase Glacier most likely delineate southwestern boundary of the Lützow-Holm Complex.Characteristic magnetic anomaly features around Cape Hinode (C in Figure 5) may indicate an allochthonous unit in the Lützow-Holm Complex. The main orogenic activities of the Lützow-Holm Complex took place during the Latest Proterozoic ro Early Paleozoic times. However, older rocks around 1000 Ma were documented at Cape Hinode within the Lützow-Holm Complex (Shiraishi et al., 1994). Magnetic anomaly data will provide new constraints for constructing tectonic evolution model in this area.NE-SW trending magnetic anomalies (B in Figure 5) possibly represent M sequence magnetic anomaly lineations. ENE-WSW and E-W magnetic anomaly lineation trends, possibly belonging to the Mesozoic magnetic anomaly lineation sequence, accompanied by the NW-SE and NNW-SSE trending fracture zones are deduced from vector magnetic anomalies just seaward of the continental slope of Antarctica to the east of Gunnerus Ridge (Nogi et al. 1996). NE-SW trending magnetic anomalies show similar strikes of magnetic anomalies from vector magnetic anomalies. Two sets of positive and negative gravity along ocean-continental transition (B in Figure 4) possibly reflect initial breakup conditions of Gondwana. Magnetic anomalies along ocean-continental transition do not show two sets of positive and negative magnetic anomalies. However, possible magnetic anomaly lineation trends in this area are almost parallel to the trends of gravity anomalies along ocean-continental transition and those imply that the direction of initial extension are normal to present coast line of Antarctica in this area. Two sets of positive and negative gravity along ocean-continental transition may suggest initial extension of Gondwana breakup.ConclusionsThe outline of ice thickness, bed rock topography, gravity and magnetic anomaly results in the area around Syowa Station are shown. Characteristic features from the results are indicated and discussed. These results provide new constraints on the tectonic evolution in the area a junction of Africa, India, Madagascar, and Antarctic continents of Gondwana. Further data analysis are carrying out and detailed discussion will be made based on those results.