Publication Date:
2010-08-21
Description:
Propionyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (PCC), a mitochondrial biotin-dependent enzyme, is essential for the catabolism of the amino acids Thr, Val, Ile and Met, cholesterol and fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms. Deficiencies in PCC activity in humans are linked to the disease propionic acidaemia, an autosomal recessive disorder that can be fatal in infants. The holoenzyme of PCC is an alpha(6)beta(6) dodecamer, with a molecular mass of 750 kDa. The alpha-subunit contains the biotin carboxylase (BC) and biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domains, whereas the beta-subunit supplies the carboxyltransferase (CT) activity. Here we report the crystal structure at 3.2-A resolution of a bacterial PCC alpha(6)beta(6) holoenzyme as well as cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) reconstruction at 15-A resolution demonstrating a similar structure for human PCC. The structure defines the overall architecture of PCC and reveals unexpectedly that the alpha-subunits are arranged as monomers in the holoenzyme, decorating a central beta(6) hexamer. A hitherto unrecognized domain in the alpha-subunit, formed by residues between the BC and BCCP domains, is crucial for interactions with the beta-subunit. We have named it the BT domain. The structure reveals for the first time the relative positions of the BC and CT active sites in the holoenzyme. They are separated by approximately 55 A, indicating that the entire BCCP domain must translocate during catalysis. The BCCP domain is located in the active site of the beta-subunit in the current structure, providing insight for its involvement in the CT reaction. The structural information establishes a molecular basis for understanding the large collection of disease-causing mutations in PCC and is relevant for the holoenzymes of other biotin-dependent carboxylases, including 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (MCC) and eukaryotic acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC).〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2925307/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2925307/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Christine S -- Sadre-Bazzaz, Kianoush -- Shen, Yang -- Deng, Binbin -- Zhou, Z Hong -- Tong, Liang -- AI069015/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK067238/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM071940/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM08281/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 EB009998/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI069015/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI069015-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK067238/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK067238-07/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM071940/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM071940-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008281/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008281-23/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 19;466(7309):1001-5. doi: 10.1038/nature09302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20725044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure
;
Biocatalysis
;
Biotin/metabolism
;
Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure
;
Carrier Proteins/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure
;
Catalytic Domain
;
*Cryoelectron Microscopy
;
Crystallography, X-Ray
;
Fatty Acid Synthase, Type II
;
Holoenzymes/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*ultrastructure
;
Humans
;
Methylmalonyl-CoA Decarboxylase/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*ultrastructure
;
Models, Molecular
;
Mutation/genetics
;
Propionic Acidemia/enzymology/genetics
;
Protein Binding
;
Protein Structure, Quaternary
;
Protein Structure, Tertiary
;
Protein Subunits/chemistry/metabolism
;
Rhodobacteraceae/enzymology
;
Structure-Activity Relationship
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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