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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2007-01-18
    Description: The genus Taractrocera is distributed throughout the Oriental and Australian Regions. It contains 16 species, of which two, T. fusca and T. trikora, are described as new in this paper. All species are briefly characterized and the new species are described in full. The phylogeny of the genus is inferred, based on an analysis of morphological and genital characters, both of males and females. The biogeography of the genus is discussed in relation to the phylogeny. The genus has an Australian origin. After some diversification in Australia it dispersed into Asia, in or before the Miocene. It dispersed in the reverse direction, probably before the late-Miocene emergence of the Banda Arc and the Moluccas, 5-6 Mya. Three species are adapted to high altitude, one in the Himalayas and two in New Guinea. Apparently the adaptations occurred independently in the two areas. In New Guinea the high altitude species may have simply been carried up by the Pleistocene and recent uplift of the mountains. Possibly helped by the lowering of the sea-level several times during the Pleistocene, one Australian species colonized some of the Lesser Sunda Islands relatively recently.
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Hesperiidae ; Taractrocera ; systematics ; phylogeny ; biogeography ; Indo-australia ; 42.75
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 2
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    In:  Zoologische Verhandelingen vol. 343, pp. 3-267
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: All species and subspecies of butterflies recorded from Sulawesi and neighbouring islands (the Sulawesi Region) are listed. Notes are added on their general distribution and hostplants. References are given to key works dealing with particular genera or higher taxa, and to descriptions and illustrations of early stages. As a first step to help with identification, coloured pictures are given of exemplar adults of almost all genera. General information is given on geological and ecological features of the area. Combined with the distributional information in the list and the little phylogenetic information available, endemicity, links with surrounding areas and the evolution of the butterfly fauna are discussed.
    Keywords: butterflies ; skippers ; Rhopalocera ; Sulawesi ; Wallace Line ; distributions ; biogeography ; hostplants
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 3
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 49 no. 1, pp. 1-11
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: 1. Pyrgus alveus caucasius Picard and Pyrgus jupei Alberti In a paper on Pyrgus bellieri, Picard (1949: 57) casually named the populations of Pyrgus alveus from the Caucasus and Transcaucasia caucasius.\nAccording to Picard, Reverdin (1915) confused this form with the Chinese sifanicus which has different genitalia. The description of caucasius is very short: "Il faut mentionner l\'extr\xc3\xaame petitesse de la pi\xc3\xa8ce constitu\xc3\xa9e par l\'antistyle et le stylifer, ainsi que l\'aspect externe qui n\'est pas sans ressembler au P. bellieri typique des Alpes". Further, Picard referred to the figures of Reverdin (1915, pl. 5 figs. 5, 6 and 7).\nAlberti (1967) described the species Pyrgus jupei from the Caucasus, mainly based on the small proportions of the style and antistyle. Although, judging from the description, the external characters of jupei are quite different from those of bellieri (and therefore, of caucasius), the emphasis laid on the proportions of the style and antistyle by both Picard (1949) and Alberti, suggested that caucasius and jupei may be synonymous. Only a study of the type material could clear up this question. However, Picard did not indicate specified types, he only mentioned: "... apr\xc3\xa8s avoir contr\xc3\xb4l\xc3\xa9 moi-m\xc3\xaame sur divers exemplaires (que je choisis comme type de caucasius) ...".\nMr. G. Bernardi kindly looked for these "divers exemplaires" in the collections of the Mus\xc3\xa9um National d\'Histoire Naturelle in Paris. Only two specimens, both males, could be considered syntypes, both indicated as "race caucasius" by Picard, but without type indication. Mr. Bernardi kindly sent me the specimens for examination. Their labels read: 1). "25", "Kaukas.", "Hesp. Alveus, \xe2\x99\x82 Monts Adjara, Caucase, Staudinger 1913", "Mus\xc3\xa9um Paris, 1937, Coll. L. Demaison", "Pr\xc3\xa9par. J. Picard No. 70,
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 4
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 49 no. 24, pp. 299-306
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The belt of lowland forest that stretches from West Africa eastward ends in a number of isolated forests in East Uganda and West Kenya, the most eastern extremity being the Kakamega Forest in the Western Province of Kenya, about 50 km north of Kisumu. Although impoverished as compared with the Congolese fauna, the fauna of these isolated forests is interesting, because much subspeciation has taken place there (Carcasson, 1964).\nIn some cases the isolation appears to have led even to speciation, and below two new species are described from the Kakamega Forest. The former, Celaenorrhinus lourentis, is a member of a wide-spread genus of forest species, most of which (17 out of 23 African species) occur in the Cameroon and Congolese region. The second species, Metisella kakamega, however, belongs to a genus that is particularly distributed in Eastern Africa; several species are confined to the East African highland forests and the apparently closest relative of M. kakamega, viz., M. medea Evans, is such a highland forest species.\nThis illustrates the statement of Carcasson (1964), that many of the isolated forests at the eastern extremity of the lowland forest belt merge with highland forest. This phenomenon of merging makes these forests the more interesting and we are greatly alarmed at the progressing deforestation and conversion into production forest of the Kakamega Forest.\nWithout a speedy general timber-felling prohibition the Kakamega Forest will certainly not reach the end of the century and may even have vanished, or at least finish to be a natural forest, within ten years.\nCelaenorrhinus lourentis spec. nov.\nMale (holotype). \xe2\x80\x94 External characters (pl. 1, figs. 1-2). Length of
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 5
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 67 no. 8, pp. 127-136
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In the Oriental genus Pirdana Distant, 1886, the new species P. fusca is described from Samar (E Philippines). The phylogeny of the genus is discussed and as a consequence the endemic Sulawesi taxon P. hyela ismene (Felder & Felder, [1867]) is given back its species rank, bringing the total number of species in the genus to five. A key to the species is added.
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Hesperiidae ; Pirdana ; new species ; revision ; Oriental region
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The possible zone of contact between Pyrgus (malvae) malvae Linnaeus, 1758, and P. (malvae) melotis Duponchel, 1832, is re-examined. The two taxa apparently meet (in the subspecies malvae and ponticus Reverdin, 1914, respectively) in N. and W. Turkey and possibly in S. Russia north of the Caucasus. There are, however, only few localities or areas from where both are known: Amasya and north of Ankara in N. Turkey and Izmir in W. Turkey. In these areas the two taxa do not seem to recognize each other as belonging to the same species. A population with an intermediate character is known to occur in the Boz Dagh area east of Izmir. The population seems remarkably constant in this character. Its origin is obscure. The available data do not prompt us to change our view on the superspecies status of Pyrgus (malvae). Notes are added on the apparent incongruence of phylogenetic and biological relationships in this case. P. (malvae) melotis is widely distributed in Turkey, extending east to N. Iran, north to north of the Caucasus and south to Israel. Old records of melotis from Greece or the Aegean islands are highly improbable and should be omitted from further literature records. On the basis of external characters two subspecies are distinguished: melotis and ponticus.
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Hesperiidae ; Pyrgus ; malvae ; melotis ; superspecies
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 7
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 61 no. 26, pp. 371-385
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The name Papilio fritillarius Poda, 1761, is shown to be a nomen dubium. It has caused much confusion and has been applied to five or six different species since the first publication and to three different species in the last 40 years. To put an end to the confusion a neotype is designated.\nFor the neotype a specimen has been selected of the species currently known as Pyrgus malvae (Linnaeus), thus making Papilio fritillarius Poda, 1761, a junior subjective synonym of Papilio malvae Linnaeus, 1758. Consequently, Poda\'s name can no longer be used for the species named Papilio carthami by H\xc3\xbcbner, [1813] and now currently placed in the genus Pyrgus. The same species was named Papilio malvae maior by Fabricius (1787) and for reasons of priority H\xc3\xbcbner\'s name should fall for it. However, maior Fabricius has never been used as the valid name for the species and in this century has only been mentioned three times in synonymy. Therefore, a request will be submitted to the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature to suppress the name, thus not only saving Papilio carthami H\xc3\xbcbner (now placed in Pyrgus) but also Syrichthus serratulae major Staudinger, 1878 (currently considered a subspecies of Pyrgus serratulae (Ramburs)), which would be in need of another name if Pyrgus maior (Fabricius) would remain the senior synonym of Pyrgus carthami (H\xc3\xbcbner).
    Keywords: nomenclature ; neotype ; suppression ; Hesperiidae ; Pyrgus ; fritillarius ; carthami ; maior ; malvae
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A revision is given of the Oriental genus Matapa Moore. Two species, M. intermedia and M. deprivata, and one subspecies, M. intermedia nigrita, are described as new. A key to the nine species known at present is provided. Figures are given of male and female genitalia, and of forewings of males. The phylogeny of the genus and its geographic history are discussed. It is shown that three monophyletic groups can be distinguished, which all originated in mainland Southeast Asia. The occurrence of one species in India is the result of a geologically speaking recent invasion. There are indications of a double colonization of Celebes from the Philippines.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 9
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 65 no. 19, pp. 257-265
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Three similar looking species of Taractrocera, generally known as ziclea Pl\xc3\xb6tz, archias Felder and alinea Plotz, are re-examined and existing confusion is clarified. As a consequence, the correct name for the first species is shown to be T. luzonensis (Staudinger), and for the last species T. nigrolimbata (Snellen). The name Thymelicus ziclea Pl\xc3\xb6tz turned out to be a junior synonym of Pamphila archias Felder. Diagnostic characters are given to separate the three species, and the geographic variation is surveyed.
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Hesperiidae ; Taractrocera ; systematics ; nomenclature
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 10
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    In:  Zoologische Mededelingen vol. 66 no. 15, pp. 283-293
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The species of Coladenia Moore, 1881, occurring in the Philippines are revised. The following species are shown to occur there: C. igna (Semper, 1892), C. semperi Elwes & Edwards, 1897, C. minor Chiba et al., 1991, and C. palawana (Staudinger, 1889). Two new species are added: C. ochracea and C. similis, and the new subspecies of C. igna marinda, is described. Due to the incorrect identification of the Sundaland form of C. agni (de Niceville, 1883) as the Philippine C. igna by Evans (1949), the former was still unnamed; it is named C. agni sundae here.
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Hesperiidae ; Coladenia ; revision ; Oriental Region
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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