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  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Ottawa
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0009(296)
    In: Memoir
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IX, 186 S.
    Series Statement: Memoir / Geological Survey of Canada 296
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Keywords: Vulkanismus ; Glissements de terrain ; Lahars ; Landslides ; Volcanism ; Volcanisme ; Volcans
    Description / Table of Contents: W. J. McGuire: Volcano instability: a review of contemporary themes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:1-23, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.01 --- James W. Head III: Volcano instability development: a planetary perspective / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:25-43, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.02 --- Derek Elsworth and Barry Voight: Evaluation of volcano flank instability triggered by dyke intrusion / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:45-53, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.03 --- Alessandro Tibaldi: Mutual influence of dyking and collapses at Stromboli volcano, Italy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:55-63, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.04 --- Guido Russo, Grazia Giberti, and Giovanni Sartoris: The influence of regional stresses on the mechanical stability of volcanoes: Stromboli (Italy) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:65-75, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.05 --- S. J. Day: Hydrothermal pore fluid pressure and the stability of porous, permeable volcanoes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:77-93, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.06 --- Benjamin Van Wyk De Vries and Andrea Borgia: The role of basement in volcano deformation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:95-110, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.07 --- J. B. Murray and B. Voight: Slope stability and eruption prediction on the eastern flank of Mount Etna / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:111-114, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.08 --- M. S. Smith and J. B. Shepherd: Tsunami waves generated by volcanic landslides: an assessment of the hazard associated with Kick ’em Jenny / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:115-123, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.09 --- J. C. Carracedo: A simple model for the genesis of large gravitational landslide hazards in the Canary Islands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:125-135, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.10 --- James B. Garvin: Topographic characterization and monitoring of volcanoes via airborne laser altimetry / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:137-152, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.11 --- C. Firth, I. Stewart, W. J. McGuire, S. Kershaw, and C. Vita-Finzi: Coastal elevation changes in eastern Sicily: implications for volcano instability at Mount Etna / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:153-167, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.12 --- A. Montalto, S. Vinciguerra, S. Menza, and G. Patanè: Recent seismicity of Mount Etna: implications for flank instability / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:169-177, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.13 --- R. Rasà, R. Azzaro, and O. Leonardi: Aseismic creep on faults and flank instability at Mount Etna volcano, Sicily / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:179-192, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.14 --- Derek Rust and Marco Neri: The boundaries of large-scale collapse on the flanks of Mount Etna, Sicily / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:193-208, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.15 --- D. De Rita and G. Giordano: Volcanological and structural evolution of Roccamonfina volcano (Italy): origin of the summit caldera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:209-224, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.16 --- D. De Rita, M. Di Filippo, and C. Rosa: Structural evolution of the Bracciano volcano-tectonic depression, Sabatini Volcanic District, Italy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:225-236, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.17 --- A. M. Duncan, P. D. Cole, J. E. Guest, and D. K. Chester: Transport and emplacement mechanisms of mass-flow deposits on Monte Vulture volcano, Basilicata, southern Italy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:237-247, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.18 --- Giorgio Buchner, Antonino Italiano, and Claudio Vita-Finzi: Recent uplift of Ischia, southern Italy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:249-252, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.19 --- J. Martí, J. Vila, and J. Rey: Deception Island (Bransfield Strait, Antarctica): an example of a volcanic caldera developed by extensional tectonics / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:253-265, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.20 --- Hiromitsu Yamagishi: Destructive mass movements associated with Quaternary volcanoes in Hokkaido, Japan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:267-279, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.21 --- Michael O. Garcia: Turbidites from slope failure on Hawaiian volcanoes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:281-294, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.22 --- Philippe Labazuy: Recurrent landslides events on the submarine flank of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (Reunion Island) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:295-306, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.23 --- L. S. Crumpler, James W. Head, and Jayne C. Aubele: Calderas on Mars: characteristics, structure, and associated flank deformation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:307-348, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.24 --- M. H. Bulmer and J. E. Guest: Modified volcanic domes and associated debris aprons on Venus / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:349-371, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.25 --- Roberto Carniel, Siro Casolo, and Franco Iacop: Spectral analysis of volcanic tremor associated with the 1993 paroxysmal events at Stromboli / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 110:373-381, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.110.01.26
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 388 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799608
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: soil ; pedology ; Africa
    Description / Table of Contents: The first ever SOIL ATLAS OF AFRICA uses striking maps, informative texts and stunning photographs to answer and explain these and other questions. Leading soil scientists from Europe and Africa have collaborated to produce this unique document. Using state-of-the-art computer mapping techniques, the Soil Atlas of Africa shows the changing nature of soil across the continent. It explains the origin and functions of soil, describes the different soil types that can be found in Africa and their relevance to both local and global issues. The atlas also discusses the principal threats to soil and the steps being taken to protect soil resources. The Soil Atlas of Africa is more than just a normal atlas. It presents a new and comprehensive interpretation of an often neglected natural resource. The Soil Atlas of Africa is an essential reference to a non-renewable resource that is fundamental for life on this planet.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789279267154
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: soil ; pedology ; Latin America ; Caribbean ; South America
    Description / Table of Contents: The European Commission's in-house science service today publishes the first ever comprehensive overview of the soils of Latin America and the Caribbean. Through colourful maps and illustrations the atlas explains in a simple and clear manner the diversity of soil across Central and South America and the Caribbean. It highlights the vital importance of a natural non-renewable resource which provides food, fodder and fuel for 580 million people. The atlas shows the delicate relationships between soils and the functions that they provide. It raises awareness of the inter-relationships with climate and land use while illustrating the role of soil in food security, particularly in relation to climate change. Latin America's soils also support some of the world's most biodiverse ecosystems. In Latin America and the Caribbean, soils have to meet the needs of a population that is in continuous and rapid growth. More than half of the 576 million hectares of arable land of Latin America are estimated to be affected by degradation processes, notably in South America and Mesoamerica. The main causes are change in land use (especially deforestation), over-exploitation, climate change and social inequality. The atlas presents a number of strategies for soil preservation and conservation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789279465130
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-11-03
    Description: In this paper, we examine the potential climatic effects of geoengineering by sulfate, black carbon and titania injection against a baseline RCP8.5 scenario. We use the HadGEM2-CCS model to simulate scenarios in which the top-of-the-atmosphere radiative imbalance due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations is offset by sufficient aerosol injection throughout the 2020–2100 period. We find that the global-mean temperature is effectively maintained at historical levels for the entirety of the period for all 3 aerosol-injection scenarios, though there are a wide range of side-effects which are discussed in detail. The most prominent conclusion is that although the BC injection rate necessary to produce an equivalent global mean temperature-response is much lower, the severity of stratospheric temperature changes (〉 +70 °C) and precipitation impacts effectively exclude BC from being a viable option for geoengineering. Additionally, while it has been suggested that titania would be an effective particle because of its high scattering efficiency, it also efficiently absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation producing a significant stratospheric warming (〉 +20 °C). As injection rates for titania are close to those for sulfate, there appears little benefit of using titania when compared to injection of sulfur dioxide, which has the added benefit of being well modelled through extensive research that has been carried out on naturally occurring explosive volcanic eruptions.
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
    Description: The UKESM1 climate model has been used in modelling the impacts of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) and Marine Cloud Brightening (MCB) following GeoMIP G6 and ARISE scenarios. For SAI, various different strategies have been considered including injecting sulfur dioxide at the Equator, injecting sulfur dioxide at different latitudes using a controller to modulate injections, and inclusion a degree of absorption to self-loft the aerosol to higher altitudes. For MCB, a newly developed capability has been developed where sea-salt aerosol injections at specific radii are explicitly modelled within the UKCA-mode aerosol scheme as injections into the most susceptible stratocumulus clouds. For each scenario, an ensemble of simulations have been performed for the 21st century. We will present a summary of the main findings from these simulations and compare and contrast the impacts across a wide-range of relevant metrics. While our findings show that some side-effects from SAI and MCB appear intractable, considerable progress in understanding and ameliorating detrimental side-effects has been made over the last decade. Haywood, J.M., et al., Assessing the consequences of including aerosol absorption in potential Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Climate Intervention Strategies, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-1032, 2022. Henry, M., et al., Model Comparison of ARISE-SAI-1.5 Simulations Using UKESM1 and CESM2, in preparation for ACP, 2023. Jones, A., et al., The impact of stratospheric aerosol intervention on the North Atlantic and Quasi-Biennial Oscillations in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) G6sulfur experiment, Atmos Chem Phys, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2999-2022.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 7
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    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, Wiley, 120, pp. 7144-7156, ISSN: 0148-0227
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Description: Aerosol particle number concentrations have been measured at Halley and Neumayer on the Antarctic coast, since 2004 and 1984, respectively. Sulphur compounds known to be implicated in particle formation and growth were independently measured: sulphate ions and methane sulphonic acid in filtered aerosol samples and gas phase dimethyl sulphide for limited periods. Iodine oxide, IO, was determined by a satellite sensor from 2003 to 2009 and by different ground-based sensors at Halley in 2004 and 2007. Previous model results and midlatitude observations show that iodine compounds consistent with the large values of IO observed may be responsible for an increase in number concentrations of small particles. Coastal Antarctica is useful for investigating correlations between particles, sulphur, and iodine compounds, because of their large annual cycles and the source of iodine compounds in sea ice. After smoothing all the measured data by several days, the shapes of the annual cycles in particle concentration at Halley and Neumayer are approximated by linear combinations of the shapes of sulphur compounds and IO but not by sulphur compounds alone. However, there is no short-term correlation between IO and particle concentration. The apparent correlation by eye after smoothing but not in the short term suggests that iodine compounds and particles are sourced some distance offshore. This suggests that new particles formed from iodine compounds are viable, i.e., they can last long enough to grow to the larger particles that contribute to cloud condensation nuclei, rather than being simply collected by existing particles. If so, there is significant potential for climate feedback near the sea ice zone via the aerosol indirect effect.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Description: Because investigations of PAN at higher southern latitudes are very scarce, we measuredsurface PAN concentrations for the first time in Antarctica. During the PhotochemicalExperiment at Neumayer (PEAN'99) campaign mean surface PAN mixing ratios of(13 ± 7) pptv and maximum values of 48 pptv were found. When these PAN mixing ratioswere compared to the sum of NOx and inorganic nitrate they were found to be equal orhigher. Low ambient air temperatures and low PAN concentrations caused a slowhomogeneous PAN decomposition rate of approximately 5 x 10^-2 pptv hr^-1. These slowdecay rates were not sufficient to firmly establish the simultaneously observed NOxconcentrations. In addition, low concentration ratios of [HNO3] / [NOx] imply that thephotochemical production of NOx within the snow pack can influence surface NOx mixingratios in Antarctica. Alternate measurements of PAN mixing ratios at two different heightsabove the snow surface were performed to derive fluxes between the lower troposphereand the underlying snow pack using calculated friction velocities. Most of the concentrationdifferences were below the precision of the measurements. Therefore, only an upper limitfor the PAN flux of ± 1 x 10^13 molecules m^-2 s^-1 without a predominant direction canbe estimated. However, PAN fluxes below this limit can still influence both the transfer ofnitrogen compounds between atmosphere and ice, and the PAN budget in higher southernlatitudes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
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    In:  EPIC3Geophysical Research Letters, 28(8), pp. 1499-1502, ISSN: 0094-8276
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Description: It has been shown that NOx is produced photochemically within the snowpack of polar regions. If emitted to the atmosphere, this processcould be a major source of NOx in remote snowcovered regions. We report here on measurements made at the German Antarctic station,Neumayer, during austral summer 1999, aimed at detecting and quantifying emissions of NOx from the surface snow. Gradients of NOxwere measured, and fluxes calculated using local meteorology measurements. On the 2 days of flux measurements, the derived fluxesshowed continual release from the snow surface, varying between similar to0 and 3x10(8) molecs/cm(2)/s. When not subject toturbulence, the variation was coincident with the uv diurnal cycle, suggesting rapid release once photochemically produced. Scaling thediurnal average of Feb. 7th (1.3x10(8) molecs/cm(2)/s) suggests an annual emission over Antarctica of the order 0.0076TgN.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Description: AbstractUnderstanding the NOy budget at high latitudes is important for our knowledge of present day clean air chemistry, and essential for reliable interpretation of existing ice core nitrate data. However, measurements of NOy components at high latitudes have been limited and no measurements have attempted to address the budget of NOy. Here we report on a campaign conducted in the austral summer of 1997 at the German Antarctic research station, Neumayer, with first Antarctic measurements for NOy in addition to light alkyl nitrates, NO, HNO3 and p-NO3-. Inorganic nitrate has generally been assumed to be the dominant component of NOy in Antarctica, although this idea has not previously been tested. However, our results show that for this coastal station, methyl nitrate was present in much higher concentration than inorganic nitrate (median CH3ONO2 = 38 pptv, HNO3 = 5 pptv) . It has been suggested earlier that some alkyl nitrates might have a marine source. If this suggestion is correct, the implication arises that the oceans are supplying an important source of NOy to the Antarctic troposphere, and that their role in determining nitrate concentrations in ice must be considered.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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